Coupling of Bone Resorption and Formation in Real Time: New Knowledge Gained From Human Haversian BMUs
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It is well known that bone remodeling starts with a resorption event and ends with bone formation. However, what happens in between and how resorption and formation are coupled remains mostly unknown. Remodeling is achieved by so-called basic multicellular units (BMUs), which are local teams of osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and reversal cells recently proven identical with osteoprogenitors. Their organization within a BMU cannot be appropriately analyzed in common histology. The originality of the present study is to capture the events ranging from initiation of resorption to onset of formation as a functional continuum. It was based on the position of specific cell markers in longitudinal sections of Haversian BMUs generating new canals through human long bones. It showed that initial resorption at the tip of the canal is followed by a period where newly recruited reversal/osteoprogenitor cells and osteoclasts alternate, thus revealing the existence of a mixed “reversal-resorption” phase. Three-dimensional reconstructions obtained from serial sections indicated that initial resorption is mainly involved in elongating the canal and the additional resorption events in widening it. Canal diameter measurements show that the latter contribute the most to overall resorption. Of note, the density of osteoprogenitors continuously grew along the “reversal/resorption” surface, reaching at least 39 cells/mm on initiation of bone formation. This value was independent of the length of the reversal/resorption surface. These observations strongly suggest that bone formation is initiated only above a threshold cell density, that the length of the reversal/resorption period depends on how fast osteoprogenitor recruitment reaches this threshold, and thus that the slower the rate of osteoprogenitor recruitment, the more bone is degraded. They lead to a model where the newly recognized reversal/resorption phase plays a central role in the mechanism linking osteoprogenitor recruitment and the resorption-formation switch. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Secondary osteoclasts establish a functional link with reversal cells as focal bone remodeling progresses within a single BRC.
“first, primary osteoclasts have been identified at the cutting cone and secondary osteoclasts have been shown to establish a functional link with reversal cells (Figs. 1 and 3) as focal bone remodeling progresses within a single BRC,256”
From Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence (2022) · cites this paper as [256]
Primary osteoclasts have been identified at the cutting cone.
“first, primary osteoclasts have been identified at the cutting cone and secondary osteoclasts have been shown to establish a functional link with reversal cells (Figs. 1 and 3) as focal bone remodeling progresses within a single BRC,256”
From Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence (2022) · cites this paper as [256]
Lassen et al.'s findings indicate that a pure reversal period, as commonly depicted following a halt in resorption, does not take place.
“Lassen et al.’s256 findings indicate that a pure reversal period, as commonly depicted following a halt in resorption,8 does not take place.”
From Bone remodeling: an operational process ensuring survival and bone mechanical competence (2022) · cites this paper as [256]
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Elongation of the Long Bones in Humans by the Growth Plates
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Lassen, N. E., Andersen, T. L., Pløen, G. G., Søe, K., Hauge, E. M., Harving, S., Eschen, G. E. T., & Delaisse, J.-M.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern Denmark (DK)
- Aarhus University (DK)
- Aalborg University Hospital (DK)
- Department of Plastic SurgeryAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
- Clinical Cell BiologyInstitute of Regional Health ResearchUniversity of Southern DenmarkVejle/Lillebaelt HospitalVejleDenmark
- Venue
- Journal of Bone and Mineral Research
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2017-02-08
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1395-1405
- ISSN
- 0884-0431 (ISSN-L)
- 1523-4681
- OpenAlex
- W2586325787
- Cited by
- 152
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 5.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- Journal of Bone and Mineral Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- VBN Forskningsportal (Aalborg Universitet) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Scopus (Elsevier) (submittedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Velux Foundation (VELUX34368)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Alkaline Phosphatase Research Studies
- Keywords
- bone remodeling, basic multicellular unit, bone resorption, bone formation, osteoprogenitor cells, osteoclasts, osteoblasts, Haversian canals, long bones, canal diameter, 3D reconstruction
- MeSH terms
- Bone Resorption, Humans, Osteoclasts, Bone Remodeling
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