Individual differences in implicit theories of leadership ability and self-efficacy: predicting responses to stereotype threat

Burnette, Jeni L.; Pollack, Jeffrey M.; Hoyt, Crystal L.

doi:10.1002/jls.20138

Cited by 73Social and Intergroup PsychologyEducation, Achievement, and GiftednessCareer Development and Diversity

Individual differences in implicit theories of leadership ability and self-efficacy: predicting responses to stereotype threat

Burnette, Jeni L., Pollack, Jeffrey M., Hoyt, Crystal L.·2010·Journal of Leadership Studies

DOI 10.1002/jls.20138

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Extending research on implicit theories to the leadership domain, we examined how individual differences in belief about the malleability of leadership ability influenced responses to stereotype threat. The study consisted of two time periods. At time 1, we assessed individual differences in implicit theories of leadership ability and self‐efficacy for leadership. At time 2, we activated a stereotype threat in a high‐stakes environment. Results revealed that women reported lower self‐evaluation after a stereotype threat when they had low self‐efficacy and believed leadership ability to be fixed (entity theory) rather than malleable (incremental theory). Results are discussed in terms of how implicit theories generate a network of allied cognitions and emotions that subsequently predict stable patterns of behavior.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/jls.20138

Cites

53 of 53 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

High leadership self-efficacy and a growth mindset of leadership buffer against deleterious stereotype threat effects in a leadership context.
“Both high levels of leadership self-efficacy and a growth mindset of leadership, that is, the belief that leadership abilities can be cultivated, have been shown to play an important role in buffering against deleterious stereotype threat effects in a leadership context (Burnette, Pollack, & Hoyt, 2010).”
From Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership (2016) · cites this paper as Burnette, Pollack, & Hoyt, 2010
Interventions designed to increase women's belief that leadership abilities can be cultivated, or growth mindsets of leadership, are promising for buffering women from stereotype threat effects.
“Finally, interventions designed to increase women's belief that leadership abilities can be cultivated, or growth mindsets of leadership, are promising for buffering women from stereotype threat effects (Burnette et al., 2010;Ely, Ibarra, & Kolb, 2011;Pollack et al., 2012).”
From Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership (2016) · cites this paper as Burnette et al., 2010

Self-efficacy: The exercise of control
Bandura, A., Freeman, W. H., & Lightsey, R. (1999) · Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1891/0889-8391.13.2.158 · Cited by 46,835 · see citing works
Multiple regression: testing and interpreting interactions
(1992) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.29-3352 · Cited by 36,644 · see citing works
Harvard business review
(1993) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/0002-8223(93)91697-o · Cited by 18,452 · see citing works
A social-cognitive approach to motivation and personality.
Dweck, C. S., & Leggett, E. L. (1988) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.95.2.256 · Cited by 9,745 · see citing works
A power primer.
Cohen, J. (1992) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.112.1.155 · Cited by 8,771 · see citing works
Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans.
Steele, C. M., & Aronson, J. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.797 · Cited by 8,181 · see citing works
Applied Multiple Regression/Correlation Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences.
Henry, N. W., Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. R. (1977) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2064799 · Cited by 7,231 · see citing works
Untitled work
(1999) · Cited by 6,308 · see citing works
On the Self-Regulation of Behavior
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1998) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139174794 · Cited by 4,110 · see citing works
A cognitive-affective system theory of personality: Reconceptualizing situations, dispositions, dynamics, and invariance in personality structure
Mischel, W., & Shoda, Y. (1995) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.102.2.246 · Cited by 3,889 · see citing works
Implicit Theories of Intelligence Predict Achievement Across an Adolescent Transition: A Longitudinal Study and an Intervention
Blackwell, L. S., Trzesniewski, K. H., & Dweck, C. S. (2007) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2007.00995.x · Cited by 3,784 · see citing works
Editorial
Bandura, A. (1997) · American Journal of Health Promotion · doi:10.4278/0890-1171-12.1.8 · Cited by 3,499 · see citing works
Personality and leadership: A qualitative and quantitative review
Judge, T. A., Bono, J. E., Ilies, R., & Gerhardt, M. W. (2002) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.765 · Cited by 3,190 · see citing works
Description and Prescription: How Gender Stereotypes Prevent Women's Ascent Up the Organizational Ladder
Heilman, M. E. (2001) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/0022-4537.00234 · Cited by 2,482 · see citing works
Development and validation of a scale for measuring state self-esteem.
Heatherton, T. F., & Polivy, J. (1991) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.60.6.895 · Cited by 2,007 · see citing works
Reducing the Effects of Stereotype Threat on African American College Students by Shaping Theories of Intelligence
Aronson, J., Fried, C. B., & Good, C. (2002) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1006/jesp.2001.1491 · Cited by 1,889 · see citing works
Implicit theories, attributions, and coping: A meaning system approach.
Hong, Y.-Y., Chiu, C.-Y., Dweck, C. S., Lin, D. M.-S., & Wan, W. (1999) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.77.3.588 · Cited by 1,358 · see citing works
Competencies in the 21st century
Boyatzis, R. E. (2008) · Journal of Management Development · doi:10.1108/02621710810840730 · Cited by 1,194 · see citing works
Improving adolescents' standardized test performance: An intervention to reduce the effects of stereotype threat
Good, C., Aronson, J., & Inzlicht, M. (2003) · Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2003.09.002 · Cited by 1,096 · see citing works
Modeling cognitive adaptation: A longitudinal investigation of the impact of individual differences and coping on college adjustment and performance.
Aspinwall, L. G., & Taylor, S. E. (1992) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.63.6.989 · Cited by 1,060 · see citing works
Finding "Meaning" in Psychology: A Lay Theories Approach to Self-Regulation, Social Perception, and Social Development.
Molden, D. C., & Dweck, C. S. (2006) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.61.3.192 · Cited by 861 · see citing works
Women Don't Ask
Babcock, L. C., & Laschever, S. (2003) · Princeton University Press eBooks · doi:10.1515/9780691212845 · Cited by 855 · see citing works
Toward a theory of individual differences and leadership: Understanding the motivation to lead.
Chan, K.-Y., & Drasgow, F. (2001) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.86.3.481 · Cited by 845 · see citing works
A threatening intellectual environment: why females are susceptible to experiencing problem-solving deficits in the presence of males
Inzlicht, M., & Ben-Zeev, T. (2000) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00272 · Cited by 835 · see citing works
Clearing the air: identity safety moderates the effects of stereotype threat on women's leadership aspirations
Davies, P. G., Spencer, S. J., & Steele, C. M. (2005) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.88.2.276 · Cited by 713 · see citing works
Research on leadership in a cross-cultural context: Making progress, and raising new questions
Dickson, M. W., Hartog, D. N. D., & Mitchelson, J. K. (2003) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2003.09.002 · Cited by 612 · see citing works
On Heroes, Hero-Worship, and the Heroic in History
Carlyle, T. (2019) · University of California Press eBooks · doi:10.1525/9780520911536-006 · Cited by 561 · see citing works
Implicit leadership theory as a determinant of the factor structure underlying supervisory behavior scales.
Eden, D., & Leviatan, U. (1975) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.60.6.736 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Can Personality Be Changed? The Role of Beliefs in Personality and Change
Dweck, C. S. (2008) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00612.x · Cited by 497 · see citing works
The Effects of Stereotype Threat and Double-Minority Status on the Test Performance of Latino Women
Gonzales, P. M., Blanton, H., & Williams, K. J. (2002) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167202288010 · Cited by 470 · see citing works
The challenges of leadership in the modern world: Introduction to the special issue.
Bennis, W. G. (2007) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.62.1.2 · Cited by 404 · see citing works
Statistical Power with Moderated Multiple Regression in Management Research
Aguinis, H. (1995) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/014920639502100607 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
The Architecture of Personality.
Cervone, D. (2004) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.111.1.183 · Cited by 359 · see citing works
Stereotype Threat and the Academic Underperformance of Minorities and Women
Aronson, J. M., Quinn, D. M., & Spencer, S. J. (1998) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012679130-3/50039-9 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
The determinants of leadership role occupancy: Genetic and personality factors
Arvey, R. D., Rotundo, M., Johnson, W., Zhang, Z., & McGue, M. (2006) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2005.10.009 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Implicit negotiation beliefs and performance: Experimental and longitudinal evidence.
Kray, L. J., & Haselhuhn, M. P. (2007) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.93.1.49 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Implicit Theories of Body Weight: Entity Beliefs Can Weigh You Down
Burnette, J. L. (2010) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167209359768 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Self-citation
Gender Stereotypes and the Evaluation of Men and Women in Military Training
Boldry, J. G., Wood, W., & Kashy, D. A. (2001) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/0022-4537.00236 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
The Role of Leadership Efficacy and Stereotype Activation in Women's Identification with Leadership
Hoyt, C. L. (2005) · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · doi:10.1177/107179190501100401 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Effects of Leader and Subordinate Characteristics in the Development of Leader–Member Exchange Quality1
Murphy, S. E., & Ensher, E. A. (1999) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb00144.x · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Implicit Theories of Ability and Self-regulation Strategies in Physical Education Classes
Ommundsen, Y. (2003) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410303224 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Leadership efficacy and women leaders' responses to stereotype activation
Hoyt, C. L., & Blascovich, J. (2007) · Group Processes & Intergroup Relations · doi:10.1177/1368430207084718 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Self-citation
The role of leadership self-efficacy and stereotype activation on cardiovascular, behavioral and self-report responses in the leadership domain
Hoyt, C. L., & Blascovich, J. (2009) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2009.10.007 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citation
The contribution of leadership experience and self-efficacy to group performance under evaluation apprehension
Murphy, S. E. (1992) · ResearchWorks at the University of Washington (University of Washington) · Cited by 64 · see citing works
The self-protective and undermining effects of attributional ambiguity
Hoyt, C. L., Aguilar, L., Kaiser, C. R., Blascovich, J., & Lee, K. (2006) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2006.10.013 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citation
Promoting malleability is not one size fits all: Priming implicit theories of intelligence as a function of self-theories
Burns, K. C., & Isbell, L. M. (2006) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298860600823864 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Life Is a Roller Coaster When You View the World Through Entity Glasses
Harackiewicz, J. M., & Elliot, A. J. (1995) · Psychological Inquiry · doi:10.1207/s15327965pli0604_5 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
The Strategic Training of Employees Model: Balancing Organizational Constraints and Training Content
Wentland, D. (2003) · S.A.M. advanced management journal · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Implicit Theories of Organizational Power and Priming Effects on Managerial Power‐Sharing Decisions: An Experimental Study1
Coleman, P. T. (2004) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb02549.x · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Implicit leader development: The mentor role as prefatory leadership context
Middlebrooks, A. E., & Haberkorn, J. T. (2009) · Journal of Leadership Studies · doi:10.1002/jls.20077 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Effects of Disposition and Self-Regulation on Self-Defeating Behavior
Briones, E., Tabernero, C., & Arenas, A. (2007) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.3200/socp.147.6.657-680 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Seeing and Being a Leader: The Perceptual, Cognitive, and Interpersonal Roots of Conferred Influence
Forsyth, D. R., & Nye, J. L. (2008) · Cited by 21 · see citing works
A study of follower's personality, implicit leadership perceptions, and leadership ratings
Salter, C., Green, M., Ree, M. J., Carmody‐Bubb, M., & Duncan, P. A. (2009) · Journal of Leadership Studies · doi:10.1002/jls.20080 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

Sorted by citations

Mind-sets matter: A meta-analytic review of implicit theories and self-regulation.
Burnette, J. L., O'Boyle, E. H., VanEpps, E. M., Pollack, J. M., & Finkel, E. J. (2013) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0029531 · Cited by 1,367 · see citing works
Self-citation
Evaluating Six Common Stereotypes About Older Workers with Meta‐Analytical Data
Ng, T. W. H., & Feldman, D. C. (2012) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12003 · Cited by 601 · see citing works
Managing to clear the air: Stereotype threat, women, and leadership
Hoyt, C. L., & Murphy, S. E. (2016) · The Leadership Quarterly · doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2015.11.002 · Cited by 454 · see citing works
Self-citation
Expanding minds: Growth mindsets of self-regulation and the influences on effort and perseverance
Mrazek, A. J., Ihm, E. D., Molden, D. C., Mrazek, M. D., Zedelius, C. M., & Schooler, J. W. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2018.07.003 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Leader Self and Means Efficacy: A multi-component approach
Hannah, S. T., Avolio, B. J., Walumbwa, F. O., & Chan, A. (2012) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2012.03.007 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Untitled work
Hoyt (2012) · doi:10.1177/0146167211427922 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effective Luxury-Brand Advertising: The ES–IF Matching (Entity–Symbolic Versus Incremental–Functional) Model
Kwon, J.-H., Seo, Y., & Ko, D.-W. (2016) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.2016.1226995 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Aging stereotypes and active lifestyle: Personal correlates of stereotype internalization and relationships with level of physical activity among older adults
Emile, M., Chalabaëv, A., Stéphan, Y., Corrion, K., & d’Arripe-Longueville, F. (2013) · Psychology of sport and exercise · doi:10.1016/j.psychsport.2013.11.002 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Against the odds: academic underdogs benefit from incremental theories
Davis, J. L., Burnette, J. L., Allison, S. T., & Stone, H. (2010) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-010-9147-6 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citation
Teachers with a growth mindset are motivated and engaged: the relationships among mindsets, motivation, and engagement in teaching
Nalipay, M. J., King, R. B., Mordeno, I. G., Chai, C.-S., & Jong, M. (2021) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-021-09661-8 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-efficacy in the face of threats to entrepreneurial success: mind-sets matter
Pollack, J. M., Burnette, J. L., & Hoyt, C. L. (2012) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/01973533.2012.674452 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citation
Investigating the Relationship Between University Students’ Psychological Flexibility and College Self-Efficacy
Jeffords, J. R., Bayly, B. L., Bumpus, M. F., & Hill, L. G. (2018) · Journal of College Student Retention Research Theory & Practice · doi:10.1177/1521025117751071 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Leveraging Leadership Efficacy for College Students: Disaggregating Data to Examine Unique Predictors by Race
Kodama, C. M., & Dugan, J. P. (2013) · Equity & Excellence in Education · doi:10.1080/10665684.2013.780646 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
A Network Utilization Perspective on the Leadership Advancement of Minorities
Khattab, J., van Knippenberg, D., Pieterse, A. N., & Hernandez, M. (2018) · Academy of Management Review · doi:10.5465/amr.2015.0399 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Implicit Theories of Work and Job Fit: Implications for Job and Life Satisfaction
Burnette, J. L., & Pollack, J. M. (2013) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/01973533.2013.803964 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Self-citation
What K-12 Teachers Need to Know About Teaching Gifted Black Girls Battling Perfectionism and Stereotype Threat
Anderson, B. N., & Martin, J. A. (2018) · Gifted Child Today · doi:10.1177/1076217518768339 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Growth mindsets: defining, assessing, and exploring effects on motivation for entrepreneurs and non-entrepreneurs
Billingsley, J., Lipsey, N. P., Burnette, J. L., & Pollack, J. M. (2021) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02149-w · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citation
Implicit theories of personal and social attributes: Fundamental mindsets for a science of wellbeing
Howell, A. J. (2016) · International Journal of Wellbeing · doi:10.5502/ijw.v6i3.529 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Positioning Implicit Theories of Well-Being Within a Positivity Framework
Passmore, H., Howell, A. J., & Holder, M. D. (2017) · Journal of Happiness Studies · doi:10.1007/s10902-017-9934-2 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Lean InVersus the Literature: An Evidence-Based Examination
Chrobot‐Mason, D., Hoobler, J. M., & Burno, J. (2018) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2016.0156 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Believing Is Becoming
Reichard, R., Walker, D. O. H., Putter, S. E., Middleton, E. B., & Johnson, S. K. (2017) · Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies · doi:10.1177/1548051816657981 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Domain-Specific Growth Mindsets and Dimensions of Psychological Well-Being Among Adolescents in Hong Kong
Chan, D. W., Sun, X., & Chan, L. K. (2021) · Applied Research in Quality of Life · doi:10.1007/s11482-020-09899-y · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Seeing change and being change in the world: The relationship between lay theories about the world and environmental intentions
Soliman, M., & Wilson, A. E. (2017) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2017.01.008 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Implicit Theories of Emotional Intelligence and Students’ Emotional and Academic Outcomes
Costa, A., & Faria, L. (2023) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941231183327 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Toward a New Conceptual Model: Integrating the Social Change Model of Leadership Development and Tinto’s Model of Student Persistence
French, A. (2017) · Journal of Leadership Education · doi:10.12806/v16/i3/t4 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
The Motivated Fluidity of Lay Theories of Change
Wilson, A. E., & English, J. (2017) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-57306-9_2 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Measuring many mindsets: A systematic review of growth mindset domains, and discussion of domain relationships, with implications for growth mindset interventions
Kyler, E. N., & Moscicki, M. K. (2024) · Social and Personality Psychology Compass · doi:10.1111/spc3.70015 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Bridging the Opportunity Gap: College Access Programs and Outdoor Adventure Education
Richmond, D., & Sibthorp, J. (2019) · Journal of Outdoor Recreation Education and Leadership · doi:10.18666/jorel-2019-v11-i4-9646 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Mindset regarding mathematical ability in K‐12 teachers
Willingham, J. C., Barlow, A. T., Stephens, D. C., Lischka, A. E., & Hartland, K. S. (2021) · School Science and Mathematics · doi:10.1111/ssm.12466 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Stereotype Threat and Its Problems: Theory Misspecification in Research, Consequences, and Remedies
Picho, K., Turnbull, A., & Rodriguez-Leahy, A. (2021) · Journal of Advanced Academics · doi:10.1177/1932202x20986161 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Threats to Professional Roles in Part-Time Leadership
Rynek, M., Ellwart, T., Peiffer, H., Endres, E., & Moldzio, T. (2021) · Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O · doi:10.1026/0932-4089/a000362 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Implicit Morality Theories: Employees’ Beliefs About the Malleability of Moral Character Shape Their Workplace Behaviors
Feng, Z., Keng, F. T., Hu, L., & Savani, K. (2022) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-022-05113-1 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Trajectories of implicit theories of intelligence and emotional intelligence in secondary school
Costa, A., & Faria, L. (2022) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-022-09695-6 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Japanese women's perceptions of gender roles and leadership and the effects of a Women & Leadership Course: A qualitative analysis
Smirles, K. E., Basile, K. A., Aughenbaugh, A., Nasser, S., Logue, S., & Arteaga, L. (2020) · Women s Studies International Forum · doi:10.1016/j.wsif.2020.102359 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Towards understanding the two way interaction effects of extraversion and openness to experience on career commitment
Arora, R., & Rangnekar, S. (2015) · International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance · doi:10.1007/s10775-015-9296-4 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
„Think-Manager-Consider-Female“: Eine Analyse stereotypischer Ansichten über weibliche Führungskräfte und die empirische Überprüfung ihrer realen Persönlichkeit anhand der Big Five und Dunklen Triade
Mai, C., Büttgen, M., & Schwarzinger, D. (2016) · Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research · doi:10.1007/s41471-016-0022-9 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
The impact of implicit theories on students’ emotional outcomes
Costa, A., & Faria, L. (2020) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-020-00750-z · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Accept or change your fate: Exploring the Golem effect and underdog effect of underdog expectations
Jun, M. A., & Mengting, Z. H. U. (2023) · Acta Psychologica Sinica · doi:10.3724/sp.j.1041.2023.01029 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Perceptions of Business Leaders: An Examination of Portrayals in US Motion Pictures
Urick, M. J., Gnecco, J., Jackson, D., Greiner, M., & Sylada, S. (2015) · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Evaluating and supporting leadership, management, and mentoring: a framework for catalyzing responsible research and healthy research environments
McIntosh, T. J., & Antes, A. L. (2025) · Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics · doi:10.3389/frma.2025.1569524 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Implicit leadership theories and followership informs understanding of doctors’ professional identity formation: A new model
McKimm, J., Vogan, C. L., & Mannion, H. (2017) · The Asia Pacific Scholar · doi:10.29060/taps.2017-2-2/oa1022 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Making the leader identity salient can be demotivating.
Savani, K., & Zou, X. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Applied · doi:10.1037/xap0000178 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
The Capacious Model and Leader Identity: An Integrative Framework
Campbell, C. R., Shollen, S. L., Egan, C., & Neilson, B. G. (2019) · Journal of Leadership Studies · doi:10.1002/jls.21622 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Effects of Stereotype Threat on Women’s Leadership Aspirations and Affective Responses: The Role of Stigma Consciousness
Ayyıldız, F., Türetgen, İ. Ö., & Bayazıt, M. (2024) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.1177/00332941241257434 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Explicaciones no atendidas sobre las brechas de género en la enfermedad cardiovascular ¿Cómo entender diferencias de género en el infarto de miocardio?
Martínez, M. P., & Gallardo, I. (2018) · Revista médica de Chile · doi:10.4067/s0034-98872018000800921 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Bridging individual-level and system-level approaches to advance psychology-based diversity initiatives
He, J. C., Keller, B. B., & Kang, S. K. (2025) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-025-00493-3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
An Examination of the Impact of Personality on Implicit Leadership Theory
Babyak, A. T. (2014) · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Do students’ mindsets about emotional intelligence change over secondary school? Developmental paths in adolescence
Costa, A., & Faria, L. (2025) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-025-10031-x · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Implicit Processes and Emotions in Stereotype Threat about Women's Leadership
Kelso, G. A., & Brody, L. R. (2014) · Advances in psychology, mental health, and behavioral studies (APMHBS) book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-6599-6.ch006 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Effects of Implicit Theories on Body Weight Information Avoidance
Hagerman, C. J., Stock, M. L., Post, S. M., Macura, Z., Moore, P. J., Dodge, T. L., & Wirtz, P. W. (2023) · Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) · doi:10.1027/1618-3169/a000585 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Situated Identity Performance: Understanding Stereotype Threat as a Social Identity Phenomenon
Quayle, M. (2011) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e513282012-001 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Association between Implicit Theories of Sexual Knowledge and Participation in Parent-Adolescent Sexual Communication
Bensen, L., & Thompson, A. E. (2025) · Sexuality & Culture · doi:10.1007/s12119-025-10334-3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Caregivers' time poverty, parenting styles and children's growth mindset
Yang, S., & Sun, X. (2025) · British Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/bjop.12797 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
When seconds count: a data-driven exploration of military leaders’ performance in simulated irregular warfare
Mattingsdal, J. (2025) · Small Wars and Insurgencies · doi:10.1080/09592318.2025.2588440 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
A stronger growth mindset of frugality predicts entrepreneurs’ responses to setbacks in resourcefulness behavior
Pollack, J. M., Michaelis, T. L., Billingsley, J., Scheaf, D. J., Burnette, J. L., & Carr, J. C. (2026) · Journal of Business Venturing Insights · doi:10.1016/j.jbvi.2026.e00599 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Leadership Advancement and Mentoring of Women Into Chief Financial Officer Roles
Salkeld, J. A. (2016) · ScholarWorks (Walden University)
Development and Validation of Leadership Efficacy Scale -in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises-
김화영, & Jo, H. (2018) · Korea Journal of Counseling · doi:10.15703/kjc.19.6.201812.439
The Millennial Label
Urick, M. (2020) · Advances in logistics, operations, and management science book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-9906-7.ch009
Brief Strategies for Improving Self-Awareness and Beliefs
Macklem, G. L. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-65695-9_6
When They Lost Their Words: The Impact of Microaggressions and Exclusion on Chinese International Students’ Linguistic Capacity and Leadership Emergence
Li, K. (2021)
Uncovering Teachers’ Implicit Leadership Theories for School Administrators: A Qualitative Inquiry
Aypay, A., Kaşarcı, İ., Dönmez, A., & Özdemir, M. (2021) · Responsible Education Learning and Teaching in Emerging Economies · doi:10.26710/relate.v3i2.2153
Implicit Processes and Emotions in Stereotype Threat about Women's Leadership
Kelso, G. A., & Brody, L. R. (2017) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-1933-1.ch073
Cultivating girls' interest in the garden of STEM
Ng, M. (2021) · doi:10.17760/d20429215 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
An experimental study of triggers and needs of threats in critical adversity situations in a student sample
Rynek, M., & Ellwart, T. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.897542
Bibliographie
(2022) · Presses de Sciences Po eBooks · doi:10.3917/scpo.algan.2022.01.0109
Counseling Gifted Black Students
Owens, D. L., & Grey, L. D. (2023) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-6677-3.ch010
Frauen als Führungskräfte – geht das und wenn ja, wie?
Boerner, S. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-658-41546-4_2
How Stereotype Awareness and Stereotype Endorsement Impact Girls’ Self-Efficacy and Math Performance: A Response Surface Analysis ApproachPreprint
Leroy, N., Max, S., & Pansu, P. (2023) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.4651736
Seeking a “Supportive” Leader: Gendered language in leadership job postings and women’s leadership identification
(2024) · Journal of Interpersonal Relations Intergroup Relations and Identity · doi:10.33921/hcpi5621 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Kurze Strategien zur Verbesserung des Selbstbewusstseins und der Überzeugungen
Macklem, G. L. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-07436-2_6
Exercise stereotypes, fatigue and physical activity in people living with HIV : an identification of psychological and physiological mechanisms at play
Gray, L. (2018) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/efe593daza37bz494bz9800za0c8ba57ecfd
Challenging fixed mindsets fosters belonging in leadership among adolescents from historically excluded groups
Rosa, N. D. L., Daley, J. S., & Balcetis, E. (2026) · Self and Identity · doi:10.1080/15298868.2026.2682150
The impact of gender-based stereotype threat on leader-follower relations
Czukor, G. (2013) · UPT. Syiah Kuala University Library (Syiah Kuala University)

Authors: Burnette, J. L., Pollack, J. M., & Hoyt, C. L.
Affiliations: University of Richmond (US)
Corresponding author: Burnette, Jeni L.
Pollack, Jeffrey M.
Hoyt, Crystal L.
ORCID: Burnette, Jeni L.
Pollack, Jeffrey M.
Hoyt, Crystal L.
Venue: Journal of Leadership Studies
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2010-02-19
Volume: 3
Issue: 4
Pages: 46-56
ISSN: 1935-2611 (ISSN-L)
1935-262X
DOI: 10.1002/jls.20138
OpenAlex: W2103312967
Cited by: 72
References: 53
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
FWCI: 11.41
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of Leadership Studies (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Social Sciences › Safety Research › Career Development and Diversity
Keywords: implicit theories of intelligence, leadership skills, self-efficacy, stereotype threat, entity theory, incremental theory, individual differences, women in leadership, self-assessment

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Individual differences in implicit theories of leadership ability and self-efficacy: predicting responses to stereotype threat

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks