Central nervous system involvement by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)
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Neurologic sequelae can be devastating complications of respiratory viral infections. We report the presence of virus in neural and capillary endothelial cells in frontal lobe tissue obtained at postmortem examination from a patient infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Our observations of virus in neural tissue, in conjunction with clinical correlates of worsening neurologic symptoms, pave the way to a closer understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms underlying central nervous system involvement by SARS-CoV-2.
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Evidence from prior coronavirus studies, animal models, and post-mortem brain analyses of COVID-19 patients indicates that SARS-CoV-2 can cross the blood-brain barrier.
“Studies of previous coronaviruses (Netland et al., 2008), animal models (Burks et al., 2021), and brain analysis at post-mortem of COVID-19 patients (Paniz-Mondolfi et al., 2020) provide evidence that SARS-CoV-2 can penetrate the blood-brain barrier.”
From Long-term effects of COVID-19 on mental health: a systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as Paniz-Mondolfi et al., 2020
SARS-CoV-2 has been found in neural and endothelial cells in frontal lobe tissues and in the cerebral spinal fluid of infected individuals.
“This observation was corroborated by the finding of the virus in neural and endothelial cells in frontal lobe tissues [154], and in the cerebral spinal fluid of infected individuals [147, 155, 156].”
From Cognitive decline following acute viral infections: literature review and projections for post-COVID-19 (2022) · cites this paper as [154]
A case report demonstrated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral particles in neural tissue and brain capillary endothelium of a Parkinson's disease patient, associated with worsening of neurological symptoms.
“a case report demonstrated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 viral particles in neural tissue and brain capillary endothelium of a Parkinson’s disease patient, which was associated with the worsening of neurological symptoms [28].”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [28]
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- Authors
- Paniz‐Mondolfi, A., Bryce, C., Grimes, Z., Gordon, R. E., Reidy, J., Lednicky, J., Sordillo, E. M., & Fowkes, M.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of Florida Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Paniz‐Mondolfi, Alberto
- Venue
- Journal of Medical Virology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-06-09
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 699-702
- ISSN
- 0146-6615 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9071
- PMC
- PMC7264598
- OpenAlex
- W3016911319
- Cited by
- 975
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 87 · 2023: 115 · 2022: 188 · 2021: 315 · 2020: 231
- FWCI
- 91.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Medical Virology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, central nervous system involvement, neurological complications, viral encephalitis, frontal lobe, capillary endothelial cells, postmortem brain, neurotropism, pathogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 Testing, Aged, Ageusia, Olfaction Disorders, Ataxia, Frontal Lobe, Hospitalization, Humans, Lung, Male, Neurons, Pneumonia, Viral, RNA, Viral, Seizures, Fatal Outcome, Coronavirus Infections, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Endothelial Cells, Pandemics
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