Multiple organ infection and the pathogenesis of SARS
Open accessAbstract
After >8,000 infections and >700 deaths worldwide, the pathogenesis of the new infectious disease, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), remains poorly understood. We investigated 18 autopsies of patients who had suspected SARS; 8 cases were confirmed as SARS. We evaluated white blood cells from 22 confirmed SARS patients at various stages of the disease. T lymphocyte counts in 65 confirmed and 35 misdiagnosed SARS cases also were analyzed retrospectively. SARS viral particles and genomic sequence were detected in a large number of circulating lymphocytes, monocytes, and lymphoid tissues, as well as in the epithelial cells of the respiratory tract, the mucosa of the intestine, the epithelium of the renal distal tubules, the neurons of the brain, and macrophages in different organs. SARS virus seemed to be capable of infecting multiple cell types in several organs; immune cells and pulmonary epithelium were identified as the main sites of injury. A comprehensive theory of pathogenesis is proposed for SARS with immune and lung damage as key features.
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Neurotropism of human coronaviruses has been demonstrated in small animals and in autoptic studies of brains infected with SARS-CoV.
“Neurotropism of human coronaviruses has already been demonstrated in small animals and in autoptic studies of brains infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) [11]”
From Hyperactivation of P2X7 receptors as a culprit of COVID-19 neuropathology (2021) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Gu, J., Gong, E., Zhang, B., Zheng, J., Gao, Z., Zhong, Y., Zou, W., Zhan, J., Wang, S., Xie, Z., Zhuang, H., Wu, B., Zhong, H., Shao, H., Fang, W., Gao, D., Pei, F., Li, X., He, Z., Xu, D., Shi, X., Anderson, V. M., & Leong, A. S.-Y.
- Affiliations
- State University of New York (US)
- Peking University (CN)
- 1Department of Pathology, Peking University, Beijing, China 100083
- Beijing Ditan Hospital (CN)
- University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
- ORCID
- Venue
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine
- Publisher
- Rockefeller University Press
- Published
- 2005-07-25
- Volume
- 202
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 415-424
- ISSN
- 0022-1007 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-9538
- PMC
- PMC2213088
- OpenAlex
- W2156273941
- Cited by
- 1,379
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 152 · 2021: 329 · 2020: 598 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 11.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-sa
- Locations
- The Journal of Experimental Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral Infections and Outbreaks Research
- Keywords
- SARS, SARS pathogenesis, SARS-CoV, T-lymphocyte count, leukocytes, viral dissemination, immune damage, autopsy findings
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Autopsy, Brain, Female, Humans, Intestines, Kidney Tubules, Distal, Leukocytes, Lung, Lymphoid Tissue, Male, Middle Aged, Respiratory System, Retrospective Studies, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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