Chemical composition and health benefits of coconut oil: an overview
Abstract
Coconut oil is an integral part of Sri Lankan and many South Asian diets. Initially, coconut oil was classified along with saturated fatty acid food items and criticized for its negative impact on health. However, research studies have shown that coconut oil is a rich source of medium‐chain fatty acids. Thus, this has opened new prospects for its use in many fields. Beyond its usage in cooking, coconut oil has attracted attention due to its hypocholesterolemic, anticancer, antihepatosteatotic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antimicrobial and skin moisturizing properties. Despite all the health benefits, consumption of coconut oil is still underrated due to a lack of supportive scientific evidence. Even though studies done in Asian countries claim a favorable impact on cardiac health and serum lipid profile, the limitations in the number of studies conducted among Western countries impede the endorsement of the real value of coconut oil. Hence, long‐term extensive studies with proper methodologies are suggested to clear all the controversies and misconceptions of coconut oil consumption. This review discusses the composition and functional properties of coconut oils extracted using various processing methods. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
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β-sitosterol is the major sterol in coconut oil, constituting 70.4% of the total sterol fraction.
“Despite the lower overall sterol content, β-sitosterol stands as the major sterol in CO, constituting 70.4% of the total sterol fraction [87].”
From Nutritional composition and bioactive properties of tropical coconut palm fruit with functional food applications (2025) · cites this paper as [87]
Unlike conventional coconut oil, VCO increases antioxidant enzyme activity while reducing lipid peroxidation.
“Unlike conventional coconut oil, VCO increases antioxidant enzyme activity while reducing lipid peroxidation [87].”
From Nutritional composition and bioactive properties of tropical coconut palm fruit with functional food applications (2025) · cites this paper as [87]
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Reduction of Aflatoxin contamination in coconut oil using concentrated solar radiation
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Ajibola, O. O. (2025) · Discover Food · doi:10.1007/s44187-025-00746-3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“Despite the lower overall sterol content, β-sitosterol stands as the major sterol in CO, constituting 70.4% of the total sterol fraction [87].”
InfluentialLi, J., Zhou, H., Xu, L., Yu, C., Hu, M., Zhong, B., Tu, Z., & Peng, B. (2025) · Food Chemistry X · doi:10.1016/j.fochx.2025.103109 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Synthesis of hypercrosslinked polymers using coconut oil as a renewable, bio-based solvent
Schweng, P., Naryshkina, A., Blocher, A., & Woodward, R. T. (2025) · Green Chemistry · doi:10.1039/d5gc03906a · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Clearing Properties Between Coconut Oil and Xylene in Histological Tissue Processing
Bright, O. A., Darko, S. N., Adisa, M. A., Dorcas, O. O., Quartey, P., Melody, A. A., Michael, A. K., Albert, O. S., & Senu, E. (2024) · Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry · doi:10.1369/00221554241241369 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
- Authors
- Deen, A., Visvanathan, R., Wickramarachchi, D., Marikkar, N., Nammi, S., Jayawardana, B. C., & Liyanage, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Peradeniya (LK)
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies (LK)
- Laboratory of Nutritional Biochemistry, National Institute of Fundamental Studies Kandy Sri Lanka
- Corresponding author
- Liyanage, Ruvini
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-10-29
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2182-2193
- ISSN
- 0022-5142 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0010
- OpenAlex
- W3092261146
- Cited by
- 205
- References
- 110
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 10
- FWCI
- 1.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Inorganic Chemistry › Coconut Research and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Edible Oils Quality and Analysis
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Chemistry and Fat Analysis
- Keywords
- coconut oil, medium-chain fatty acids, saturated fatty acids, chemical composition, health benefits, cholesterol-lowering effect, anticancer activity, antidiabetic effect, antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory activity, antimicrobial activity, skin hydration, lipid profile, cardiac health, oil extraction methods, functional properties
- MeSH terms
- Coconut Oil, Animals, Antioxidants, Cocos, Fatty Acids, Health, Humans
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