Cited by 407Botanical Research and ApplicationsPhytochemicals and Antioxidant ActivitiesPomegranate: compositions and health benefits

Betanin—A food colorant with biological activity

Esatbeyoglu, Tuba, Wagner, Anika E., Schini‐Kerth, Valérie B., Rimbach, Gerald·2015·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research

Abstract

Betalains are water‐soluble nitrogen‐containing pigments that are subdivided in red‐violet betacyanins and yellow‐orange betaxanthins. Due to glycosylation and acylation betalains exhibit a huge structural diversity. Betanin (betanidin‐5‐O‐β‐glucoside) is the most common betacyanin in the plant kingdom. According to the regulation on food additives betanin is permitted quantum satis as a natural red food colorant (E162). Moreover, betanin is used as colorant in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. Recently, potential health benefits of betalains and betalain‐rich foods (e.g. red beet, Opuntia sp.) have been discussed. Betanin is a scavenger of reactive oxygen species and exhibits gene‐regulatory activity partly via nuclear factor (erythroid‐derived 2)‐like 2‐(Nrf2) dependent signaling pathways. Betanin may induce phase II enzymes and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Furthermore, betanin possibly prevents LDL oxidation and DNA damage. Potential blood pressure lowering effects of red beet seem to be mainly mediated by dietary nitrate rather than by betanin per se.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/mnfr.201400484

Cites

131 of 131 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Beetroot contains numerous bioactive compounds, such as betanin and betaxanthins (betalains), phenolic acids (ferulic, caffeic, gallic and p-coumaric acids), flavonoids (e.g., astragalin, kaempferol, rutin and quercetin), carotenoids, coumarins, terpenoids, alkaloids and tannins.

    “It contains numerous bioactive compounds, such as the pigments betanin and betaxanthins (betalains), as well as phenolic acids (ferulic, caffeic, gallic and p-coumaric acids), flavonoids (e.g., astragalin, kaempferol, rutin and quercetin), carotenoids, coumarins, terpenoids, alkaloids and tannins [91,92,93,94].”

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Esatbeyoglu, T., Wagner, A. E., Schini‐Kerth, V. B., & Rimbach, G.
Affiliations
  • Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (DE)
  • Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
Corresponding author
Rimbach, Gerald
Venue
Molecular Nutrition & Food Research
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2014-10-03
Volume
59
Issue
1
Pages
36-47
ISSN
  • 1613-4125 (ISSN-L)
  • 1613-4133
OpenAlex
W2018893912
Cited by
406
References
131
Citations by year
2026: 33 · 2025: 39 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 10
FWCI
2.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Molecular Nutrition & Food Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Botanical Research and Applications
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Pomegranate: compositions and health benefits
Keywords
betanin, betalains, betacyanins, betaxanthins, natural food colorants, reactive oxygen species scavenging, Nrf2 signaling, phase II enzymes, antioxidant defense, LDL oxidation, DNA damage, beetroot, Opuntia, dietary nitrate, blood pressure reduction, glycosylation, acylation
MeSH terms
Antioxidants, Biological Availability, Food Coloring Agents, Humans, Plant Extracts, Vasodilator Agents, Beta vulgaris, Opuntia, Betacyanins, Phytochemicals

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review