Relationship between sleep duration and body mass index depends on age
Open accessAbstract
Objective: Sleep duration is associated with obesity and cardiometabolic disease. It is unclear, though, how these relationship differs across age groups. Methods: Data from 2007 to 2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used, including respondents aged 16+ with complete data (N = 5,607). Sleep duration and age were evaluated by self‐report, and body mass index (BMI) was assessed objectively. Sleep duration was evaluated continuously and categorically [very short (≤4 h), short (5‐6 h), and long (≥9 h) versus average (7‐8 h)]. Age was also evaluated continuously and categorically [adolescent (16‐17 years), young adult (18‐29 years), early middle age (30‐49 years), late middle age (50‐64 years), and older adult (≥65 years)]. Results: There was a significant interaction with age for both continuous (Pinteraction = 0.014) and categorical (Pinteraction = 0.035) sleep duration. A pseudo‐linear relationship was seen among the youngest respondents, with the highest BMI associated with the shortest sleepers and the lowest BMI associated with the longest sleepers. This relationship became U‐shaped in middle‐age, and less of a relationship was seen among the oldest respondents. Conclusions: These findings may provide insights for clinical recommendations and could help to guide mechanistic research regarding the sleep‐obesity relationship.
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In 2007-2008 NHANES, the relation between sleep duration and obesity depends on age, being stronger among younger than older adults.
“Specifically, the relation between SSD and obesity is stronger among younger than among older adults.40”
From Sleep Duration and Quality: Impact on Lifestyle Behaviors and Cardiometabolic Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2016) · cites this paper as [40]
The relationship between sleep duration and obesity is dependent on age, with strongest relationships among younger adults and U-shaped relationships more common in middle-aged adults.
“First, this relationship is dependent on age, with the strongest relationships among younger adults and U-shaped relationships more common in middle-aged adults.47”
From Sleep, Health, and Society (2017) · cites this paper as [47]
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- Authors
- Grandner, M. A., Schopfer, E. A., Sands‐Lincoln, M., Jackson, N., & Malhotra, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Arizona (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- RELX Group (United States) (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-11-02
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2491-2498
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-739X
- PMC
- PMC4700549
- OpenAlex
- W1934257576
- Cited by
- 147
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 16.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (T32HL134632, K23HL110216, R01HL085188, K24HL132105)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (R21ES022931)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024134)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Keywords
- sleep duration, body mass index, age differences, U-shaped relationship, adolescents, young adults, middle-aged adults, older adults, cardiometabolic disease
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Cardiovascular Diseases, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, Obesity, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Time Factors, Body Mass Index, Young Adult, Self Report
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