A Distinct Brain-Gut-Microbiome Profile Exists for Females with Obesity and Food Addiction
Open accessAbstract
Background: Alterations in brain‐gut‐microbiome interactions have been implicated as an important factor in obesity. This study aimed to explore the relationship between food addiction (FA) and the brain‐gut‐microbiome axis, using a multi‐omics approach involving microbiome data, metabolomics, and brain imaging. Methods: Brain magnetic resonance imaging was obtained in 105 females. FA was defined by using the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Fecal samples were collected for sequencing and metabolomics. Statistical analysis was done by using multivariate analyses and machine learning algorithms. Results: Of the females with obesity, 33.3% exhibited FA as compared with 5.3% and 0.0% of females with overweight and normal BMI, respectively (P = 0.0001). Based on a multilevel sparse partial least square discriminant analysis, there was a difference in the gut microbiome of females with FA versus those without. Differential abundance testing showed Bacteroides, Megamonas, Eubacterium, and Akkermansia were statistically associated with FA (q < 0.05). Metabolomics showed that indolepropionic acid was inversely correlated with FA. FA was also correlated with increased connectivity within the brain’s reward network, specifically between the intraparietal sulcus, brain stem, and putamen. Conclusions: This is the first study to examine FA along the brain‐gut‐microbiome axis and it supports the idea of targeting the brain‐gut‐microbiome axis for the treatment of FA and obesity.
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Human trials have linked the microbiome with emotional regulation, motivation, and stress and anxiety.
“In fact, human trials have linked the microbiome with specific processes that are expected to contribute to well-being, such as emotional regulation [8], motivation [9], stress and anxiety [10], and vitality [11], among others.”
From Psychobiotic effects on anxiety are modulated by lifestyle behaviors: a randomized placebo-controlled trial on healthy adults (2023) · cites this paper as [9]
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- Authors
- Dong, T. S., Mayer, E. A., Osadchiy, V., Chang, C., Katzka, W., Lagishetty, V., Gonzalez, K., Kalani, A., Stains, J., Jacobs, J. P., Longo, V. D., & Gupta, A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gupta, Arpana
- ORCID
- Venue
- Obesity
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-07-22
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1477-1486
- ISSN
- 1930-7381 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-739X
- PMC
- PMC7494955
- OpenAlex
- W3044870576
- Cited by
- 95
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 3.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (IK2 CX001717)
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001881)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK048351, K23DK106528, R03DK121025, P50DK064539, P30DK041301, T32DK007180)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (R01MD015904)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
- Keywords
- food addiction, gut-brain axis, gut microbiota, female, Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Megamonas, Eubacterium, indolepropionic acid, brain metabolomics, intraparietal sulcus, putamen, brainstem, Yale Food Addiction Scale
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Food Addiction, Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Obesity, Metabolomics, Young Adult
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