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Functional Specialization for Semantic and Phonological Processing in the Left Inferior Prefrontal Cortex
Open accessAbstract
Neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies have implicated left inferior prefrontal cortex (LIPC) in both semantic and phonological processing. In this study, functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine whether separate LIPC regions participate in each of these types of processing. Performance of a semantic decision task resulted in extensive LIPC activation compared to a perceptual control task. Phonological processing of words and pseudowords in a syllable-counting task resulted in activation of the dorsal aspect of the left inferior frontal gyrus near the inferior frontal sulcus (BA 44/45) compared to a perceptual control task, with greater activation for nonwords compared to words. In a direct comparison of semantic and phonological tasks, semantic processing preferentially activated the ventral aspect of the left inferior frontal gyrus (BA 47/45). A review of the literature demonstrated a similar distinction between left prefrontal regions involved in semantic processing and phonological/lexical processing. The results suggest that a distinct region in the left inferior frontal cortex is involved in semantic processing, whereas other regions may subserve phonological processes engaged during both semantic and phonological tasks.
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“BA44 and BA45 can be dissociated based on their function, with BA44 being more important for phonological processing (i.e. related to the encoding or decoding of the sound structure of words) and BA45 being more important for semantic processing (i.e. related to the meaning of words)”
From Damage to Broca’s area does not contribute to long-term speech production outcome after stroke (2021) · cites this paper as Poldrack et al., 1999
In the citing paper
“The left inferior frontal gyrus has been shown to be involved in phonological processing in children and adults (28, 31, 32).”
From Neural deficits in children with dyslexia ameliorated by behavioral remediation: Evidence from functional MRI (2003) · cites this paper as [28]
In the citing paper
“Left temporo-parietal cortex has been shown to be involved in phonological processing in children and adults and to be disrupted in children and adults with dyslexia during phonological processing (5, 12, 28–32).”
From Neural deficits in children with dyslexia ameliorated by behavioral remediation: Evidence from functional MRI (2003) · cites this paper as [28]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Poldrack, R. A., Wagner, A. D., Prull, M. W., Desmond, J. E., Glover, G. H., & Gabrieli, J. D. E.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Poldrack, Russell A.
- Venue
- NeuroImage
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1999-07
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 15-35
- ISSN
- 1053-8119 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2107627409
- Cited by
- 1,448
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 64 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 59 · 2016: 57 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 49 · 2012: 81
- FWCI
- 21.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- NeuroImage (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- semantic processing, phonological processing, functional specialization, inferior frontal gyrus, syllable counting, pseudowords, word recognition, language lateralization
- MeSH terms
- Brain Mapping, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Mental Processes, Phonetics, Reaction Time, Semantics, Speech Perception, Reproducibility of Results, Prefrontal Cortex
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