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What Should Be Done with Equity Theory?
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“For instance, procedural fairness perceptions are measured considering perceptions of procedural voice, outcome control, consistency of procedures across participants, suppression of bias, accuracy of factors, correctability of outcomes, and ethicality of the process [62,89].”
From Disentangling Fairness Perceptions in Algorithmic Decision-Making: the Effects of Explanations, Human Oversight, and Contestability (2023) · cites this paper as [62]
In the citing paper
“This is somewhat unsurprising considering that correctability directly refers to the requirement of having an appeal process in place [62].”
From Disentangling Fairness Perceptions in Algorithmic Decision-Making: the Effects of Explanations, Human Oversight, and Contestability (2023) · cites this paper as [62]
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Khaola, P. P., & Rambe, P. (2020) · Management Research Review · doi:10.1108/mrr-07-2019-0323 · Cited by 135
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Bell, K., & Reed, M. S. (2021) · Community Development Journal · doi:10.1093/cdj/bsab018 · Cited by 131
What Scientists Want from Their Research Ethics Committee
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A Specialized Domestic Violence Court in South Carolina
Gover, A. R., Brank, E. M., & MacDonald, J. M. (2007) · Violence Against Women · doi:10.1177/1077801207301553 · Cited by 91
“In operationalizing procedural justice, Leventhal (1980) expanded Thibault and Walker’s (1975) work by focusing more broadly on the various components of procedural justice.”
BackgroundThe manager as facilitator of dialogue
Raelin, J. A. (2012) · Organization · doi:10.1177/1350508412455085 · Cited by 100
“Fairness, meanwhile, tends to refer to procedures that are applied equally and inclusively, that provide voice to those who may have been excluded, and that contain safeguards to counter any disproportionate influence or behind-the-scenes manipulation (Leventhal, 1980).”
BackgroundRadburn, M., Stott, C., Bradford, B., & Robinson, M. A. (2016) · Policing & Society · doi:10.1080/10439463.2016.1234470 · Cited by 93
Triana, M. D. C., & Garcia, M. F. (2009) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.598 · Cited by 95
“We begin by utilizing Leventhal’s (1980) rules for judging the fairness of a situation to explain how experiencing workplace racial discrimination from certain individuals in the organization can lead employees to associate the organization as a whole with procedural injustice.”
BackgroundInfluentialWhen Employees Retaliate Against Self-Serving Leaders: The Influence of the Ethical Climate
Decoster, S., Stouten, J., & Tripp, T. M. (2019) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-019-04218-4 · Cited by 97
Ployhart, R. E., & Harold, C. M. (2004) · International Journal of Selection and Assessment · doi:10.1111/j.0965-075x.2004.00266.x · Cited by 97
Idiosyncratic Deals from a Distributive Justice Perspective: Examining Co-workers’ Voice Behavior
Marescaux, E., Winne, S. D., & Sels, L. (2017) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-016-3400-7 · Cited by 94
“Two major drivers of procedural justice are (1) consistency and (2) representativeness of the decision making (Cohen-Charash and Spector 2001; Leventhal 1980).”
BackgroundA synthetic view of acceptance and engagement with smart meters in the United States
Bugden, D., & Stedman, R. C. (2018) · Energy Research & Social Science · doi:10.1016/j.erss.2018.08.025 · Cited by 88
Justice in inter-organizational relationships: A literature review and future research agenda
Bouazzaoui, M., Wu, H.-J., Roehrich, J. K., Squire, B. C., & Roath, A. S. (2020) · Industrial Marketing Management · doi:10.1016/j.indmarman.2020.02.003 · Cited by 90
“Second, procedural justice perception is associated with whether the resource allocation process is compliant with rules of consistency, biassuppression, accuracy, correctability, representativeness, and ethicality (Leventhal, 1980).”
BackgroundLiu, L., Bouman, T., Perlaviciute, G., & Steg, L. (2020) · Energy and Climate Change · doi:10.1016/j.egycc.2020.100013 · Cited by 89
Chen, X.-P., He, W., & Weng, L. (2015) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/0149206315598372 · Cited by 98
“Procedural justice refers to the idea of fairness in the processes to resolve disputes, make decisions, and allocate resources (Leventhal, 1980; Thibaut & Walker, 1975).”
BackgroundThe development of trust and distrust in a merger
Searle, R., & Ball, K. S. (2004) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/02683940410559392 · Cited by 88
“Process comprises six main elements (Leventhal, 1980): firstly, participation concerning personal influence and control for those affected by decisions.”
BackgroundPersonnel Selection Procedures and Invasion of Privacy
Stone‐Romero, E. F., Stone, D. L., & Hyatt, D. (2003) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/1540-4560.00068 · Cited by 91
Organizational justice perceptions and pay level satisfaction
Till, R. E., & Karren, R. J. (2011) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/02683941111099619 · Cited by 88
Accountability and ideology: When left looks right and right looks left
Tetlock, P. E., Vieider, F. M., Patil, S. V., & Grant, A. M. (2013) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2013.03.007 · Cited by 91
“From a procedural-justice perspective, managers may be prone to a host of biases when they evaluate employees’ complex records (Leventhal, 1980; Thibaut & Walker, 1975).”
BackgroundJustice, Equity, and Fairness in Human Relations
Montada, L. (2003) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0471264385.wei0522 · Cited by 92
Understanding the Global Refugee Crisis: Managerial Consequences and Policy Implications
Guo, G. C., Ariss, A. A., & Brewster, C. J. (2020) · Academy of Management Perspectives · doi:10.5465/amp.2019.0013 · Cited by 90
Beyond a Numbers Game? Impact of Diversity and Inclusion on the Perception of Organizational Justice
Hoang, T., Suh, J., & Sabharwal, M. (2022) · Public Administration Review · doi:10.1111/puar.13463 · Cited by 101
Employee perceptions of performance appraisals: a comparative study on Indian banks
Shrivastava, A., & Purang, P. (2011) · The International Journal of Human Resource Management · doi:10.1080/09585192.2011.543639 · Cited by 88
“The ability to appeal a rating which is considered unfair, inaccurate, or biased is an important component to ensure perceptions of procedural fairness (Leventhal 1980 ; Cascio and Bernardin 1981 ; Greenberg 1986 ; Alexander and Ruderman 1987 ; Murphy and Cleveland 1991 ).”
BackgroundCrawshaw, J. R., van Dick, R., & Brodbeck, F. C. (2011) · Human Resource Management Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1748-8583.2011.00169.x · Cited by 89
“Such decision-making processes (and therefore any relevant training) should uphold the principles of procedural justice by being transparent, consistent, allowing employee input and influence, suppressing bias and being based on accurate and relevant information (Leventhal, 1980).”
BackgroundInfluentialIndividual and organizational determinants of turnover intent
Flint, D. H., Haley, L. M., & McNally, J. J. (2013) · Personnel Review · doi:10.1108/pr-03-2012-0051 · Cited by 116
Justice at Work, Job Stress, and Employee Health
Fujishiro, K., & Heaney, C. A. (2007) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/1090198107306435 · Cited by 88
Miner, K. N., & Cortina, L. M. (2016) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00482 · Cited by 90
“Distributive justice refers to perceptions regarding decision outcomes (Adams, 1965; Leventhal, 1976) and procedural justice refers to perceptions regarding the processes involved in outcome decisions (Thibaut and Walker, 1975; Leventhal, 1980).”
BackgroundCorreia, I. F., & Almeida, A. E. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.566139 · Cited by 91
“…of “having a voice” (Thibaut and Walker, 1975) in this process, a fair procedure has to be based on accurate information; and the patterns and criteria for decision-making have to be consistent (across people and time) and there should be a possibility of reversing decisions (Leventhal, 1980).”
BackgroundChoi, J., & Chen, C. C. (2007) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.438 · Cited by 86
Algorithms for Ethical Decision-Making in the Clinic: A Proof of Concept
Meier, L. J., Hein, A., Diepold, K. J., & Buyx, A. (2022) · The American Journal of Bioethics · doi:10.1080/15265161.2022.2040647 · Cited by 98
Values and Organizational Justice
Fischer, R. D., & Smith, P. B. (2004) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022104270110 · Cited by 87
“First, a shortened version of Niehoff and Moorman’s (1993) scale was used, which is based on the six criteria of procedural justice proposed by Leventhal (1980).”
BackgroundMethodSpell, C. S., & Arnold, T. J. (2007) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.441 · Cited by 84
Justice and job engagement: The role of senior management trust
Haynie, J. J., Mossholder, K. W., & Harris, S. G. (2016) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2082 · Cited by 89
Managing cooperation via procedural fairness: The mediating influence of self-other merging
Cremer, D. D., Tyler, T. R., & den Ouden, N. (2005) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.joep.2004.12.004 · Cited by 82
“According to this model the reasons why procedures, such as providing voice to group members or making decisions in a consistent manner (Leventhal, 1980), have the potential to motivate people toward group engagement is because it communicates information relevant to the identity and self of group members.”
BackgroundMethodIntrinsic Versus Community‐Based Justice Models: When Does Group Membership Matter?
Tyler, T. R., & Lind, E. A. (1990) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/j.1540-4560.1990.tb00273.x · Cited by 84
Equity and cost-effectiveness of multilateral adaptation finance: are they friends or foes?
Stadelmann, M., Persson, Å., Ratajczak-Juszko, I., & Michaelowa, A. (2014) · International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics · doi:10.1007/s10784-013-9206-5 · Cited by 64
“…that perceived fairness of a particular distribution of resources depends not only on the transfers and their underlying principle, but also on the procedures followed, e.g. with reference to ensuring representativeness and consistency in decision-making (Leventhal, 1980; Adger et al., 2007).”
BackgroundReactions to the Fairness of Promotion Methods: Procedural justice and job satisfaction
Izquierdo, A. L. G., Moscoso, S., & Ramos‐Villagrasa, P. J. (2012) · International Journal of Selection and Assessment · doi:10.1111/ijsa.12002 · Cited by 96
Information, beliefs, and motivation: The antecedents to human resource attributions
Hewett, R., Shantz, A. D., & Mundy, J. (2019) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2353 · Cited by 85
“perceived as fair (Adams, 1963) whereas procedural fairness refers to whether the organizational process(es) by which the decision is made is fair (Leventhal, 1980).”
BackgroundInfluentialSchool experience, relational justice and legitimation of institutional
Gouveia‐Pereira, M., Vala, J., Palmonari, A., & Rubini, M. (2003) · European Journal of Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/bf03173251 · Cited by 92
The IRB Paradox: Could the Protectors Also Encourage Deceit?
Keith-Spiegel, P. C., & Koocher, G. P. (2005) · Ethics & Behavior · doi:10.1207/s15327019eb1504_5 · Cited by 82
“Levanthal (1976, 1980) generated a list of process characteristics that can elevate the perception of procedural fairness.”
BackgroundFairness as Social Responsibility: A Moral Self‐regulation Account of Procedural Justice Enactment
Brebels, L., Cremer, D. D., van Dijke, M., & Hiel, A. V. (2010) · British Journal of Management · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8551.2010.00715.x · Cited by 82
Transformational and Transactional Leadership Styles as a Predictor of Individual Outcomes
Ismail, A., Nasional, U. P., Mohamad, M. H., Nasional, U. P., Rafiuddin, N. M., Woon, K., & Zhen, P. (2010) · Cited by 82
Ryan, J. J. (2001) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1023/a:1017584021475 · Cited by 82
Delay of Gratification as a Moderator of the Procedural Justice Distributive Justice Relationship
Joy, V. L., & Witt, L. A. (1992) · Group & Organization Management · doi:10.1177/1059601192173008 · Cited by 82
Organizational justice, burnout, and turnover intention of social workers in China
Wang, Y., Jiang, N., Zhang, H., & Liu, Z. (2020) · Journal of Social Work · doi:10.1177/1468017320911347 · Cited by 86
“PJ scales focus on the fairness of decision-making procedures (Leventhal, 1980).”
BackgroundThe information technology workforce: A review and assessment of voluntary turnover research
Lo, J. (2013) · Information Systems Frontiers · doi:10.1007/s10796-013-9408-y · Cited by 87
“Procedural justice is related to distributive justice, but rather than referring to the resulting outcomes, it refers to the fairness of the procedures that the organization uses to make decisions (Leventhal 1980; Thibaut and Walker 1975).”
BackgroundProcedural justice and regulatory compliance.
Makkai, T., & Braithwaite, J. B. (1996) · Law and Human Behavior · doi:10.1007/bf01499133 · Cited by 82
Fairness from the Applicant's Perspective: Reactions to Employee Selection Procedures
Gilliland, S. W. (1995) · International Journal of Selection and Assessment · doi:10.1111/j.1468-2389.1995.tb00002.x · Cited by 84
Sumelius, J., Björkman, I., Ehrnrooth, M., Mäkelä, K., & Smale, A. (2014) · Human Resource Management · doi:10.1002/hrm.21604 · Cited by 90
Highly Accurate, But Still Discriminatory
Köchling, A., Riazy, S., Wehner, M., & Simbeck, K. (2020) · Business & Information Systems Engineering · doi:10.1007/s12599-020-00673-w · Cited by 107
“For example, Leventhal (1980) describes fairness as equal treatment based on people’s performance and needs.”
BackgroundA Review of Leader-Member Exchange Research: Future Prospects and Directions
Martin, R., Epitropaki, O., Thomas, G., & Topakas, A. (2010) · Wiley-Blackwell eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470661628.ch2 · Cited by 85
Development and initial validation of a procedural and distributive just world measure
Lucas, T., Alexander, S., Firestone, I. J., & LeBreton, J. M. (2006) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/j.paid.2006.11.008 · Cited by 81
A closer look at the relation between tax complexity and tax equity perceptions
Cuccia, A. D., & Carnes, G. A. (2001) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0167-4870(01)00025-3 · Cited by 80
Retail fairness: Exploring consumer perceptions of fairness towards retailers’ marketing tactics
Nguyen, B., & Klaus, P. (2013) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2013.02.001 · Cited by 88
“Later, researchers challenged the conceptual roots of distributive approaches through the study of justice (e.g. Folger, 1987; Greenberg and Tyler, 1987; Leventhal, 1980).”
BackgroundJustice and Union Participation: An Extension and Test of Mobilization Theory
Johnson, N. B., & Jarley, P. (2004) · British Journal of Industrial Relations · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8543.2004.00329.x · Cited by 80
Janssen, O., Vries, T. D., & Cozijnsen, A. J. (1998) · Human Relations · doi:10.1177/001872679805100705 · Cited by 77
Updating Perceptions of (In)Justice
Augustyn, M. B. (2016) · Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency · doi:10.1177/0022427815616991 · Cited by 77
“Procedural justice also includes the quality of decision making and the quality of interpersonal treatment by authorities (Blader and Tyler 2003; Leventhal 1980).”
BackgroundColquitt, J. A., & Chertkoff, J. M. (2002) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/014920630202800502 · Cited by 80
“It is important to note that the explanation did not make the proctor seem biased in his judgment and implied that the decision was based on accurate information, two primary indicators of procedural justice (Leventhal, 1980; Leventhal, Karuza & Fry, 1980).”
BackgroundWhy justice matters in compensation decision making
Scarpello, V., & Jones, F. F. (1996) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1379(199605)17:3 · Cited by 80
How does online doctor–patient interaction affect online consultation and offline medical treatment?
Xing, W., Hsu, P. Y., Chang, Y.-W., & Shiau, W. (2019) · Industrial Management & Data Systems · doi:10.1108/imds-05-2019-0261 · Cited by 79
Fairness perceptions and satisfaction with components of pay satisfaction
Jawahar, I. M. “., & Stone, T. H. (2011) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/02683941111124836 · Cited by 82
Roschk, H., & Gelbrich, K. (2017) · Journal of Service Research · doi:10.1177/1094670517716333 · Cited by 86
“Hence, the problem-handling process becomes transparent, which is relevant for procedural justice (Leventhal 1980).”
BackgroundThe leniency of return policy and consumers' repurchase intention in online retailing
Wang, Y., Anderson, J., Joo, S.-J., & Huscroft, J. R. (2019) · Industrial Management & Data Systems · doi:10.1108/imds-01-2019-0016 · Cited by 80
Equity theory and fair inequality: A neuroeconomic study
Cappelen, A. W., Eichele, T., Hugdahl, K., Specht, K., Sørensen, E. Ø., & Tungodden, B. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1414602111 · Cited by 83
Will citizens take no for an answer? What government officials can do to enhance decision acceptance
Esaiasson, P. (2010) · European Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s1755773910000238 · Cited by 79
“For outcomes to be predictable decisions, they must be based on explicit rules that are consistently applied by neutral decision-makers (see also Leventhal, 1980; 2 These are my suggested labels.”
BackgroundMorse, L., Teodorescu, M. H., Awwad, Y., & Kane, G. C. (2021) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-021-04939-5 · Cited by 90
FAIRNESS OF AND SATISFACTION WITH PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL PROCESS
Sudin, S. (2011) · Cited by 79
Female Inmates’ Procedural Justice Perceptions of the Police and Courts
Baker, T., Pelfrey, W. V., Bedard, L. E., Sainju, K. D., Gertz, M., & Golden, K. (2013) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854813497479 · Cited by 76
“Thibaut and Walker (1975), Leventhal (1980), and Lind and Tyler (1988) purport standards and procedures that are meant to ensure fairness as a means of satisfying the winners and losers in conflicts.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialIt's fair for us: Diversity structures cause women to legitimize discrimination
Brady, L., Kaiser, C. R., Major, B., & Kirby, T. A. (2014) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2014.11.010 · Cited by 89
“This perception of procedural justice, or the belief that employees are valued and subjected to fair, neutral and consistent procedures (e.g., Colquitt, 2001; Leventhal, 1980; Thibaut & Walker, 1975), led high status groups to perceive less discrimination against underrepresented groups when diversity structures were…”
BackgroundThe role of organizational justice in organizational citizenship behavior
Eskew, D. E. (1993) · Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal · doi:10.1007/bf01419443 · Cited by 78
Folk conceptions of fairness and unfairness
Lupfer, M. B., Weeks, K. P., Doan, K. A., & Houston, D. A. (2000) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0992(200005/06)30:3 · Cited by 80
Nasr, M. I., Akremi, A. E., & Coyle‐Shapiro, J. A. (2019) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.2369 · Cited by 81
McFarland, L. A. (2003) · International Journal of Selection and Assessment · doi:10.1111/j.0965-075x.2003.00250.x · Cited by 85
Testing the Effects of Procedural Justice and Overaccommodation in Traffic Stops
Lowrey-Kinberg, B., Maguire, E. R., & Bennett, R. R. (2016) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854816639330 · Cited by 75
“…the law. review of The liTeraTure Procedural JusTice Theory and research on procedural justice originated within the discipline of social psychology (Leventhal, 1980; Thibaut & walker, 1975; Tyler & Lind, 1992), but have diffused rapidly into numerous other fields of study, including criminology…”
BackgroundBobocel, D. R., & Farrell, A. C. (1996) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.81.1.22 · Cited by 76
Rasooli, A., Zandi, H., & DeLuca, C. (2019) · Assessment in Education Principles Policy and Practice · doi:10.1080/0969594x.2019.1593105 · Cited by 76
“Bias suppression is not only identified as a principle in organisational justice (Leventhal, 1980), but also has been reported to contribute to”
BackgroundInfluentialSu, L., Huang, S. S., & Chen, X. (2015) · Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing · doi:10.1080/10548408.2014.896766 · Cited by 77
“…four measurement items were adopted to measure service fairness, respectively reflecting four dimensions of fairness (i.e., distributive fairness, procedural fairness, interactional fairness, and informational fairness) (Bies & Moag, 1986; Leventhal, 1980; Shapiro, Buttner, & Barry, 1994).”
MethodDeontic Justice and Organizational Neuroscience
Cropanzano, R., Massaro, S., & Becker, W. J. (2016) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-016-3056-3 · Cited by 80
“Likewise, a just procedure should be bias-free, consistently applied, accurate, correctable, representative of all, and ethical (Leventhal 1980).”
BackgroundThe negative effect of red tape on procedural satisfaction
Kaufmann, W., & Tummers, L. G. (2016) · Public Management Review · doi:10.1080/14719037.2016.1210907 · Cited by 76
Organisational injustice and impaired cardiovascular regulation among female employees
Elovainio, M. J., Mika Kivimaki, B., Puttonen, S., Lindholm, H. J., Pohjonen, T., & Sinervo, T. S. (2006) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oem.2005.019737 · Cited by 74
Flaherty, S., & Moss, S. A. (2007) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00270.x · Cited by 75
Coaching and employee organizational citizenship behaviours: The role of procedural justice climate
Özduran, A., & Tanova, C. (2016) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2016.10.004 · Cited by 88
“The fairness in allocating resources or resolving conflict needs to be consistent, without bias, based on accurate information, representative, correctable and ethical (Leventhal, 1980).”
BackgroundBrinsfield, C. T. (2009) · OhioLink ETD Center (Ohio Library and Information Network) · Cited by 74
Cross-Cultural Differences in Perceptions of Distributive Justice
Murphy‐Berman, V., & Berman, J. J. (2002) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/0022022102033002003 · Cited by 73
“This framework was expanded bymultiprinciple justice theoristswho proposed that other principles, such as allocating on the basis of need and/or equality,may also be used to guide assessments of distributive justice (Leventhal, 1980; Schwinger, 1980).”
Background“Righteous” Anger and Revenge in the Workplace: The Fantasies, the Feuds, the Forgiveness
Tripp, T. M., & Bies, R. J. (2009) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-89676-2_24 · Cited by 75
Fairness in performance evaluation and its behavioural consequences
Sholihin, M., & Pike, R. H. (2009) · Accounting and Business Research · doi:10.1080/00014788.2009.9663374 · Cited by 73
“Goal clarity is also consistent with procedural justice rules outlined by Leventhal (1980) and Leventhal et al. (1980).”
BackgroundInfluentialGetting “More Bang for the Buck”
Mickel, A. E., & Barron, L. A. (2008) · Journal of Management Inquiry · doi:10.1177/1056492606295502 · Cited by 77
Yurrita, M., Draws, T., Balayn, A., Murray-Rust, D., Tintarev, N., & Bozzon, A. (2023) · Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/3544548.3581161 · Cited by 108
“, explanations, human oversight, contestability) that we manipulate in our experimental setting have been related to perceptions of informational and procedural fairness in human decision-making [62, 85], we capture perceptions of fairness across those two dimensions.”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialGetting the Rich and Powerful to Give
Kessler, J. B., Milkman, K. L., & Zhang, C. Y. (2019) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.2018.3142 · Cited by 72
“8The idea that giving actors voice in a process may affect their attitudes and behaviors links to literature on procedural justice (see Leventhal 1980 and Lind and Tyler 1988; see Kessler and Leider 2016 for evidence in economics).”
BackgroundAguiar-Quintana, T., Cabrera, Y. A., & Park, S. (2020) · Tourism Management Perspectives · doi:10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100676 · Cited by 77
Barnett, T., Long, R. G., & Marler, L. E. (2012) · Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00546.x · Cited by 73
The Process Matters: Fairness in Repository Siting For Nuclear Waste
Krütli, P., Stauffacher, M., Pedolin, D., Moser, C., & Scholz, R. W. (2012) · Social Justice Research · doi:10.1007/s11211-012-0147-x · Cited by 73
“Leventhal (1980), for example, suggested that individuals who feel dissatisfied with a distribution give procedural rules more weight, while distributive justice becomes more important when procedural justice is violated.”
BackgroundTHE SELF-DETERMINATION MOTIVE AND ENTREPRENEURS’ CHOICE OF FINANCING
Sapienza, H. J., Korsgaard, M. A., & Forbes, D. P. (2004) · Advances in entrepreneurship, firm emergence, and growth · doi:10.1016/s1074-7540(03)06005-7 · Cited by 76
Voice and Justification: Their Influence on Procedural Fairness Judgments
Bies, R. J., & Shapiro, D. L. (1988) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.5465/256465 · Cited by 73
Melton, G. B., Levine, R. J., Koocher, G. P., et al. (1988) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.43.7.573 · Cited by 73
How do We Know When We are Treated Fairly? Justice Rules and Fairness Judgments
Cropanzano, R., Fortin, M., & Kirk, J. F. (2015) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/s0742-730120150000033010 · Cited by 83
Evaluating the Measurement Properties of Procedural Justice in a Correctional Setting
Henderson, H., Wells, W., Maguire, E. R., & Gray, J. (2010) · Criminal Justice and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0093854809360193 · Cited by 72
“The notion of procedural justice captures the idea of fundamental fairness in the processes of dispute resolution and in the allocation of rewards and punishments (Leventhal, 1980; Lind & Tyler, 1988; Thibaut & Walker, 1975).”
InfluentialProcedural justice's relationship with turnover: explaining past inconsistent findings
Posthuma, R. A., Maertz, C. P., & Dworkin, J. B. (2006) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.427 · Cited by 75
Does Total Rewards Reduce the Core Employees’ Turnover Intention?
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“The process justice stressed the decisions is whether made by full collection of objective facts during organizations’ decision making and judgment, this justice activity will directly affect the level of trust and organizational commitment of the members in the organization (Leventhal, 1980).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Leventhal, G. S.
- Affiliations
- Wayne State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Leventhal, Gerald S.
- ORCID
- Leventhal, Gerald S.
- Venue
- Social Exchange
- Publisher
- Springer US
- Published
- 1980
- Pages
- 27-55
- OpenAlex
- W1526225581
- Cited by
- 3,010
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 130 · 2025: 109 · 2024: 114 · 2023: 122 · 2022: 168 · 2021: 157 · 2020: 153 · 2019: 124 · 2018: 137 · 2017: 133 · 2016: 124 · 2015: 114 · 2014: 120 · 2013: 93 · 2012: 129
- FWCI
- 16.34
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Springer eBooks (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Power and Status Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- equity theory, reward allocation, resource allocation, social systems, organizational justice, punishment
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