Cited by 28CRISPR and Genetic EngineeringEpigenetics and DNA MethylationRNA regulation and disease

Neuroepigenetic Editing

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Hamilton, Peter J., Lim, Carissa J., Nestler, Eric J., Heller, Elizabeth A.·2018·Methods in Molecular Biology

Abstract

Studies of the mammalian nervous system have revealed widespread epigenetic regulation underlying gene expression intrinsic to basic neurobiological function as well as neurological disease. Over the past decade, a critical role has emerged for the neural regulation of chromatin-modifying enzymes during both development and adulthood, and in response to external stimuli. These biochemical data are complemented by numerous next generation sequencing (NGS) studies that quantify the extent of chromatin and DNA modifications in neurons. Neuroepigenetic editing tools can be applied to distinguish between the mere presence and functional relevance of such modifications to neural transcription and animal behavior. This review discusses current advances in neuroepigenetic editing, highlighting methodological considerations pertinent to neuroscience, such as delivery methods and the spatiotemporal specificity of editing. Although neuroepigenetic editing is a nascent field, the studies presented in this review demonstrate the enormous potential of this approach for basic neurobiological research and therapeutic application.

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  • Cell-type-specific expression of epigenetic modifiers (e.g., histone acetylation or methylation proteins) fused to dCas9 can be made inducible by Cre recombinase, which can be transgenically or virally co-expressed.

    “The cell-type-specific expression of epigenetic modifiers (e.g., histone acetylation or methylation proteins) fused to dCas9 are then inducible by Cre recombinase, which can be transgenically or virally co-expressed [155, 156].”
  • Epigenetic editing with CRISPR/dCas9 can involve off-target effects.

    “Epigenetic editing with CRISPR/dCas9 is not without its limitations, as it can involve off-target effects [155, 159].”
  • Determining whether epigenetic modifications at select loci are causal mechanisms of behavior may only be possible by altering target epigenetic modifications in vivo.

    “Interpretational challenges also extend to determining whether epigenetic modifications at select loci are ‘causal’ mechanisms of behavior, which may only be possible by altering target epigenetic modifications in vivo [155–157].”

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Authors
Hamilton, P. J., Lim, C. J., Nestler, E. J., & Heller, E. A.
Affiliations
  • Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
Corresponding author
Heller, Elizabeth A.
Venue
Methods in Molecular Biology
Published
2018
Volume
1767
Pages
113-136
ISSN
  • 1064-3745 (ISSN-L)
  • 1940-6029
OpenAlex
W4211199978
Cited by
28
References
107
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3
FWCI
4.70
Type
book chapter
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Methods in molecular biology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (P50MH096890, R01MH051399)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R37DA007359, R01DA007359, R01DA040621)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA regulation and disease
Keywords
chromatin-modifying enzymes, epigenetic regulation, neurons, chromatin modification, DNA modification, gene expression regulation, gene delivery methods, neurological disorders, animal behavior
MeSH terms
Gene Editing, Animals, Mental Disorders, Chromatin, DNA, Humans, Nervous System Diseases, Neurons, Epigenesis, Genetic, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing

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