Why Unbiased Computational Processes Can Lead to Discriminative Decision Procedures
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Even if companies do not include sensitive data in their analyses, the technology used can still indirectly lead to systematic disadvantaging of certain consumers.
“Even if companies make efforts not to include such sensitive (synthetic) data in their analyses, the technology used can still indirectly lead to the systematic disadvantaging of certain (groups of) consumers (Calders & Žliobaitė, 2013).”
From Discrimination grounds and personalised pricing: Consumer perceptions of fairness, norm alignment, legality, and trust in markets (2024) · cites this paper as Calders & Žliobaitė, 2013
Even if companies do not directly use sensitive data, neutral characteristics can still be correlated to sensitive characteristics.
“Even if companies do not directly use sensitive data in their analyses, neutral characteristics can still be correlated to sensitive characteristics (Calders & Žliobaitė, 2013;Solove, 2024).”
From Discrimination grounds and personalised pricing: Consumer perceptions of fairness, norm alignment, legality, and trust in markets (2024) · cites this paper as Calders & Žliobaitė, 2013
Weights can be introduced to place lower/higher importance on sensitive training samples.
“Weights can be introduced for multiple purposes: 1) to indicate a frequency count for an instance type (e.g.[52]), 2) to place lower/higher importance on łsensitivež training samples (e.g.[53,152,165]), or 3) to improve classiier stability (e.g.[181]).”
From Fairness in machine learning: A survey (2024) · cites this paper as [53]
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- Authors
- Calders, T., & Žliobaitė, I.
- Affiliations
- Eindhoven University of Technology (NL)
- Bournemouth University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Calders, Toon
- Venue
- Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics
- Publisher
- Springer Berlin Heidelberg
- Published
- 2013
- Pages
- 43-57
- ISSN
- 2192-6255 (ISSN-L)
- 2192-6263
- OpenAlex
- W2118025696
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 17.19
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics (publishedVersion)
- Dépôt institutionnel de l'Université libre de Bruxelles (Université Libre de Bruxelles) (submittedVersion)
- TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
- Social Sciences › Law › Discrimination and Equality Law
- Keywords
- algorithmic discrimination, algorithmic fairness, data mining, automated decision support, data quality, prediction accuracy, gender bias, ethnic prejudice
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