CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 77

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 20 of the 20 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Quasi-local energy and microcanonical entropy in two-dimensional nearly de Sitter gravity

Svesko, Andrew, Verheijden, Evita, Verlinde, Erik P., Visser, Manus R.·2022·Journal of High Energy Physics
DOI 10.1007/jhep08(2022)075
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

We study the semi-classical thermodynamics of two-dimensional de Sitter space (dS 2) in Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity coupled to conformal matter. We extend the quasi-local formalism of Brown and York to dS 2, where a timelike boundary is introduced in the static patch to uniquely define conserved charges, including quasi-local energy. The boundary divides the static patch into two systems, a cosmological system and a black hole system, the former being unstable under thermal fluctuations while the latter is stable. A semi-classical quasi-local first law is derived, where the Gibbons–Hawking entropy is replaced by the generalized entropy. In the microcanonical ensemble the generalized entropy is stationary. Further, we show the on-shell Euclidean microcanonical action of a causal diamond in semi-classical JT gravity equals minus the generalized entropy of the diamond, hence extremization of the entropy follows from minimizing the action. Thus, we provide a first principles derivation of the island rule for U(1) symmetric dS 2 backgrounds, without invoking the replica trick. We discuss the implications of our findings for static patch de Sitter holography.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1007/jhep08(2022)075

Cites

20 of 20 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Carefully taking the limit r_N ≈ r_h,c, the temperature T_h,c of both horizons approaches the Nariai temperature T_N = 1/(2πr_N).

    “Carefully taking the limit rN ≈ rh,c , the temperature Th,c of both horizons approaches the Nariai temperature T N = 1/(2πr N ) (see, e.g., Appendix B of [134]).”

    From Three-Dimensional Quantum Black Holes: A Primer (2024) · cites this paper as [134]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 91

  1. G. W. Gibbons and S. W. Hawking, Cosmological Event Horizons, Thermodynamics, and Particle Creation, Phys. Rev. D 15 (1977) 2738 [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  2. E. Witten, Quantum gravity in de Sitter space, in Strings 2001: International Conference, (2001) [hep-th/0106109] [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  3. M. Spradlin, A. Strominger and A. Volovich, Les Houches lectures on de Sitter space, in Les Houches Summer School: Session 76: Euro Summer School on Unity of Fundamental Physics: Gravity, Gauge Theory and Strings, Springer Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany (2001), pp. 423–453 [DOI] [hep-th/0110007] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  4. A. Strominger, The dS/CFT correspondence, JHEP 10 (2001) 034 [hep-th/0106113] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  5. J. M. Maldacena, Non-Gaussian features of primordial fluctuations in single field inflationary models, JHEP 05 (2003) 013 [astro-ph/0210603] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  6. D. Anninos, T. Hartman and A. Strominger, Higher Spin Realization of the dS/CFT Correspondence, Class. Quant. Grav. 34 (2017) 015009 [arXiv:1108.5735] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  7. D. Anninos, F. Denef, R. Monten and Z. Sun, Higher Spin de Sitter Hilbert Space, JHEP 10 (2019) 071 [arXiv:1711.10037] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  8. T. Banks, Some thoughts on the quantum theory of stable de Sitter space, hep-th/0503066 [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  9. M. K. Parikh and E. P. Verlinde, de Sitter holography with a finite number of states, JHEP 01 (2005) 054 [hep-th/0410227] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  10. D. Anninos, S. A. Hartnoll and D. M. Hofman, Static Patch Solipsism: Conformal Symmetry of the de Sitter Worldline, Class. Quant. Grav. 29 (2012) 075002 [arXiv:1109.4942] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  11. D. Anninos and D. M. Hofman, Infrared Realization of dS2 in AdS2, Class. Quant. Grav. 35 (2018) 085003 [arXiv:1703.04622] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  12. S. Leuven, E. Verlinde and M. Visser, Towards non-AdS Holography via the Long String Phenomenon, JHEP 06 (2018) 097 [arXiv:1801.02589] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  13. L. Susskind, de Sitter Holography: Fluctuations, Anomalous Symmetry, and Wormholes, Universe 7 (2021) 464 [arXiv:2106.03964] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  14. L. Susskind, Black Holes Hint Towards de Sitter-Matrix Theory, arXiv:2109.01322 [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  15. L. Susskind, Entanglement and Chaos in de Sitter Space Holography: An SYK Example, JHAP 1 (2021) 1 [arXiv:2109.14104] [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  16. E. Shaghoulian, The central dogma and cosmological horizons, JHEP 01 (2022) 132 [arXiv:2110.13210] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  17. E. Shaghoulian and L. Susskind, Entanglement in de Sitter Space, arXiv:2201.03603 [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  18. R. Jackiw, Lower Dimensional Gravity, Nucl. Phys. B 252 (1985) 343 [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  19. C. Teitelboim, Gravitation and Hamiltonian Structure in Two Space-Time Dimensions, Phys. Lett. B 126 (1983) 41 [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  20. W. Sybesma, Pure de Sitter space and the island moving back in time, Class. Quant. Grav. 38 (2021) 145012 [arXiv:2008.07994] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  21. L. Aalsma and W. Sybesma, The Price of Curiosity: Information Recovery in de Sitter Space, JHEP 05 (2021) 291 [arXiv:2104.00006] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  22. J. W. York, Jr., Black hole thermodynamics and the Euclidean Einstein action, Phys. Rev. D 33 (1986) 2092 [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  23. B. F. Whiting and J. W. York, Jr., Action Principle and Partition Function for the Gravitational Field in Black Hole Topologies, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61 (1988) 1336 [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  24. J. D. Brown, G. L. Comer, E. A. Martinez, J. Melmed, B. F. Whiting and J. W. York, Jr., Thermodynamic Ensembles and Gravitation, Class. Quant. Grav. 7 (1990) 1433 [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  25. J. D. Brown and J. W. York, Jr., Quasilocal energy and conserved charges derived from the gravitational action, Phys. Rev. D 47 (1993) 1407 [gr-qc/9209012] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  26. A. M. Polyakov, Quantum Geometry of Bosonic Strings, Phys. Lett. B 103 (1981) 207 [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  27. J. F. Pedraza, A. Svesko, W. Sybesma and M. R. Visser, Semi-classical thermodynamics of quantum extremal surfaces in Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity, JHEP 12 (2021) 134 [arXiv:2107.10358] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  28. J. D. Bekenstein, Generalized second law of thermodynamics in black hole physics, Phys. Rev. D 9 (1974) 3292 [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  29. N. Engelhardt and A. C. Wall, Quantum Extremal Surfaces: Holographic Entanglement Entropy beyond the Classical Regime, JHEP 01 (2015) 073 [arXiv:1408.3203] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  30. T. Faulkner, A. Lewkowycz and J. Maldacena, Quantum corrections to holographic entanglement entropy, JHEP 11 (2013) 074 [arXiv:1307.2892] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  31. A. Almheiri, N. Engelhardt, D. Marolf and H. Maxfield, The entropy of bulk quantum fields and the entanglement wedge of an evaporating black hole, JHEP 12 (2019) 063 [arXiv:1905.08762] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  32. A. Almheiri, R. Mahajan and J. Maldacena, Islands outside the horizon, arXiv:1910.11077 [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  33. J. D. Bekenstein, A Universal Upper Bound on the Entropy to Energy Ratio for Bounded Systems, Phys. Rev. D 23 (1981) 287 [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  34. W. Fischler and L. Susskind, Holography and cosmology, hep-th/9806039 [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  35. T. Hartman, Y. Jiang and E. Shaghoulian, Islands in cosmology, JHEP 11 (2020) 111 [arXiv:2008.01022] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  36. V. Balasubramanian, A. Kar and T. Ugajin, Entanglement between two disjoint universes, JHEP 02 (2021) 136 [arXiv:2008.05274] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  37. V. Balasubramanian, A. Kar and T. Ugajin, Islands in de Sitter space, JHEP 02 (2021) 072 [arXiv:2008.05275] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  38. J. Kames-King, E. M. H. Verheijden and E. P. Verlinde, No Page curves for the de Sitter horizon, JHEP 03 (2022) 040 [arXiv:2108.09318] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  39. D. Teresi, Islands and the de Sitter entropy bound, arXiv:2112.03922 [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  40. A. Lewkowycz and J. Maldacena, Generalized gravitational entropy, JHEP 08 (2013) 090 [arXiv:1304.4926] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  41. J. D. Brown and J. W. York, Jr., The Microcanonical functional integral. 1. The Gravitational field, Phys. Rev. D 47 (1993) 1420 [gr-qc/9209014] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  42. M. Bañados, C. Teitelboim and J. Zanelli, Black hole entropy and the dimensional continuation of the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, Phys. Rev. Lett. 72 (1994) 957 [gr-qc/9309026] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  43. J. F. Pedraza, A. Svesko, W. Sybesma and M. R. Visser, Microcanonical action and the entropy of Hawking radiation, Phys. Rev. D 105 (2022) 126010 [arXiv:2111.06912] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  44. A. Achucarro and M. E. Ortiz, Relating black holes in two-dimensions and three-dimensions, Phys. Rev. D 48 (1993) 3600 [hep-th/9304068] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  45. A. Fabbri, D. J. Navarro and J. Navarro-Salas, Quantum evolution of near extremal Reissner-Nordstrom black holes, Nucl. Phys. B 595 (2001) 381 [hep-th/0006035] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  46. S. Sachdev, Universal low temperature theory of charged black holes with AdS2 horizons, J. Math. Phys. 60 (2019) 052303 [arXiv:1902.04078] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  47. E. Verheijden and E. Verlinde, From the BTZ black hole to JT gravity: geometrizing the island, JHEP 11 (2021) 092 [arXiv:2102.00922] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  48. J. Cotler, K. Jensen and A. Maloney, Low-dimensional de Sitter quantum gravity, JHEP 06 (2020) 048 [arXiv:1905.03780] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  49. J. Maldacena, G. J. Turiaci and Z. Yang, Two dimensional Nearly de Sitter gravity, JHEP 01 (2021) 139 [arXiv:1904.01911] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  50. H. Maxfield and G. J. Turiaci, The path integral of 3D gravity near extremality; or, JT gravity with defects as a matrix integral, JHEP 01 (2021) 118 [arXiv:2006.11317] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  51. R. M. Wald, Black hole entropy is the Noether charge, Phys. Rev. D 48 (1993) R3427 [gr-qc/9307038] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  52. H. Nariai, On a New Cosmological Solution of Einstein’s Field Equations of Gravitation, Gen. Rel. Grav. 31 (1999) 963. · DOI · Paper page
  53. Y. Sekiwa, Thermodynamics of de Sitter black holes: Thermal cosmological constant, Phys. Rev. D 73 (2006) 084009 [hep-th/0602269] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  54. B. P. Dolan, D. Kastor, D. Kubiznak, R. B. Mann and J. Traschen, Thermodynamic Volumes and Isoperimetric Inequalities for de Sitter Black Holes, Phys. Rev. D 87 (2013) 104017 [arXiv:1301.5926] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  55. D. Kastor, S. Ray and J. Traschen, Enthalpy and the Mechanics of AdS Black Holes, Class. Quant. Grav. 26 (2009) 195011 [arXiv:0904.2765] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  56. T. Jacobson and M. Visser, Gravitational Thermodynamics of Causal Diamonds in (A)dS, SciPost Phys. 7 (2019) 079 [arXiv:1812.01596] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  57. P. H. Ginsparg and M. J. Perry, Semiclassical Perdurance of de Sitter Space, Nucl. Phys. B 222 (1983) 245 [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  58. F. Rosso and A. Svesko, Novel aspects of the extended first law of entanglement, JHEP 08 (2020) 008 [arXiv:2003.10462] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  59. V. Balasubramanian, J. de Boer and D. Minic, Mass, entropy and holography in asymptotically de Sitter spaces, Phys. Rev. D 65 (2002) 123508 [hep-th/0110108] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  60. D. Anninos, G. S. Ng and A. Strominger, Asymptotic Symmetries and Charges in de Sitter Space, Class. Quant. Grav. 28 (2011) 175019 [arXiv:1009.4730] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  61. G. W. Gibbons and S. W. Hawking, Action Integrals and Partition Functions in Quantum Gravity, Phys. Rev. D 15 (1977) 2752 [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  62. B. Banihashemi and T. Jacobson, Thermodynamic ensembles with cosmological horizons, JHEP 07 (2022) 042 [arXiv:2204.05324] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  63. J. D. E. Creighton and R. B. Mann, Quasilocal thermodynamics of two-dimensional black holes, Phys. Rev. D 54 (1996) 7476 [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  64. J. P. S. Lemos, Thermodynamics of the two-dimensional black hole in the Teitelboim-Jackiw theory, Phys. Rev. D 54 (1996) 6206 [gr-qc/9608016] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  65. P. Draper and S. Farkas, Euclidean de Sitter black holes and microcanonical equilibrium, Phys. Rev. D 105 (2022) 126021 [arXiv:2203.01871] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  66. V. Iyer and R. M. Wald, Some properties of Noether charge and a proposal for dynamical black hole entropy, Phys. Rev. D 50 (1994) 846 [gr-qc/9403028] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  67. S. Liberati and C. Pacilio, Smarr Formula for Lovelock Black Holes: a Lagrangian approach, Phys. Rev. D 93 (2016) 084044 [arXiv:1511.05446] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  68. T. Jacobson, Black hole entropy and induced gravity, gr-qc/9404039 [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  69. R. C. Myers, Black hole entropy in two-dimensions, Phys. Rev. D 50 (1994) 6412 [hep-th/9405162] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  70. V. Iyer and R. M. Wald, A Comparison of Noether charge and Euclidean methods for computing the entropy of stationary black holes, Phys. Rev. D 52 (1995) 4430 [gr-qc/9503052] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  71. J. D. Brown, Black hole entropy and the Hamiltonian formulation of diffeomorphism invariant theories, Phys. Rev. D 52 (1995) 7011 [gr-qc/9506085] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  72. M. R. Visser, Emergent gravity in a holographic universe, Ph.D. Thesis, Univerity of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands (2019) arXiv:1908.05469 [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  73. T. Banks, P. Draper and S. Farkas, Path Integrals for Causal Diamonds and the Covariant Entropy Principle, Phys. Rev. D 103 (2021) 106022 [arXiv:2008.03449] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  74. T. Anous, J. Kruthoff and R. Mahajan, Density matrices in quantum gravity, SciPost Phys. 9 (2020) 045 [arXiv:2006.17000] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  75. Y. Chen, V. Gorbenko and J. Maldacena, Bra-ket wormholes in gravitationally prepared states, JHEP 02 (2021) 009 [arXiv:2007.16091] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  76. R. Emparan, J. F. Pedraza, A. Svesko, M. Tomašević and M. R. Visser, Black holes in dS3, arXiv:2207.03302. · arXiv
  77. D. Anninos and B. Mühlmann, The semiclassical gravitational path integral and random matrices (toward a microscopic picture of a dS2 universe), JHEP 12 (2021) 206 [arXiv:2111.05344] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  78. F. Sanches and S. J. Weinberg, Holographic entanglement entropy conjecture for general spacetimes, Phys. Rev. D 94 (2016) 084034 [arXiv:1603.05250] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  79. Y. Nomura, P. Rath and N. Salzetta, Spacetime from Unentanglement, Phys. Rev. D 97 (2018) 106010 [arXiv:1711.05263] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  80. J. Maldacena, D. Stanford and Z. Yang, Conformal symmetry and its breaking in two dimensional Nearly Anti-de-Sitter space, PTEP 2016 (2016) 12C104 [arXiv:1606.01857] [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  81. L. V. Iliesiu, J. Kruthoff, G. J. Turiaci and H. Verlinde, JT gravity at finite cutoff, SciPost Phys. 9 (2020) 023 [arXiv:2004.07242] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  82. V. Gorbenko, E. Silverstein and G. Torroba, dS/dS and $$ T\overline{T} $$, JHEP 03 (2019) 085 [arXiv:1811.07965] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  83. E. Coleman et al., de Sitter Microstates from $$ T\overline{T} $$ + Λ2 and the Hawking-Page Transition, arXiv:2110.14670 [INSPIRE]. · arXiv
  84. S. E. Aguilar-Gutierrez, A. Chatwin-Davies, T. Hertog, N. Pinzani-Fokeeva and B. Robinson, Islands in Multiverse Models, JHEP 11 (2021) 212 [Addendum ibid. 05 (2022) 137] [arXiv:2108.01278] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  85. L. Aalsma, M. Parikh and J. P. Van Der Schaar, Back(reaction) to the Future in the Unruh-de Sitter State, JHEP 11 (2019) 136 [arXiv:1905.02714] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  86. D. Grumiller, Quantum dilaton gravity in two-dimensions with matter, gr-qc/0105078. · arXiv
  87. K. Narayan, Aspects of two-dimensional dilaton gravity, dimensional reduction, and holography, Phys. Rev. D 104 (2021) 026007 [arXiv:2010.12955] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  88. U. Moitra, S. K. Sake and S. P. Trivedi, Aspects of Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity in Anti-de Sitter and de Sitter spacetime, JHEP 06 (2022) 138 [arXiv:2202.03130] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  89. V. Cardoso, O. J. C. Dias and J. P. S. Lemos, Nariai, Bertotti-Robinson and anti-Nariai solutions in higher dimensions, Phys. Rev. D 70 (2004) 024002 [hep-th/0401192] [INSPIRE]. · DOI
  90. R. Bousso and S. W. Hawking, Pair creation of black holes during inflation, Phys. Rev. D 54 (1996) 6312 [gr-qc/9606052] [INSPIRE]. · DOI · Paper page
  91. D. Harlow and J.-Q. Wu, Covariant phase space with boundaries, JHEP 10 (2020) 146 [arXiv:1906.08616] [INSPIRE]. · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Metadata

Authors
Svesko, A., Verheijden, E., Verlinde, E. P., & Visser, M. R.
Affiliations
  • University College London
  • University of Amsterdam
  • Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Geneva
ORCID
Visser, Manus R.
Venue
Journal of High Energy Physics
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2022-08-04
Volume
2022
Issue
8
ISSN
1029-8479
DOI
10.1007/jhep08(2022)075
Cited by
77
References
20
Language
en
Update notices
erratum (2025-04-11)
Licence

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review