Molecular Clocks and Explosive Radiations
Abstract
Molecular data are ideal for exploring evolutionary history because of its universality, stochasticity, and abundance. These features provide a means of exploring the evolutionary history of all organisms (including those that do not tend to leave fossils), potentially within a statistical framework that allows testing of evolutionary hypotheses. However, the discrepancy between molecular and paleontological dates for three key "explosive" radiations inferred from the fossil record--the Cambrian explosion of animal phyla and the post-KT radiations of modern orders of mammals and birds--have led to a reexamination of the assumptions on which molecular dates are based. Could variation in the rate of molecular evolution, perhaps associated with "explosive" radiations, cause overestimation of diversification dates? Here I examine four hypothetical causes of fast molecular rates in explosive radiations--body size, morphological rate, speciation rate, and ecological diversification--using available empirical evidence on patterns of variation in rate of molecular evolution.
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Many palaeontologists suggest that the discrepancy between molecular and palaeontological dates shows that molecular clocks can be systematically inaccurate, because some process associated with explosive radiations could speed the molecular clock.
“Conversely, many palaeontologists suggest that the discrepancy between molecular and palaeontological dates shows that molecular clocks can be systematically inaccurate, because some process associated with explosive radiations could speed the molecular clock 69,70 (although no supporting evidence has yet been found for this hypothesis 49 ).”
From The modern molecular clock (2003) · cites this paper as [49]
Compounding residual and lineage errors are operational errors in measuring the rate of molecular evolution, which include uncertainty in the relationships between taxa, errors in calibration points and uncertainties in the mechanism of evolution.
“Compounding these residual and lineage errors in the clock are operational errors in measuring the rate of molecular evolution, which include uncertainty in the relationships between taxa (the evolutionary tree), errors in calibration points and uncertainties in the mechanism of evolution 1,49 .”
From The modern molecular clock (2003) · cites this paper as [49]
In some cases, molecular dates produced by different methods contradict each other.
“In some cases, molecular dates produced by different methods contradict each other 1,48,49 .”
From The modern molecular clock (2003) · cites this paper as [49]
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- Authors
- Bromham, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Sussex (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Bromham, Lindell
- ORCID
- Bromham, Lindell
- Venue
- Journal of Molecular Evolution
- Published
- 2003-08-01
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 0
- Pages
- S13-S20
- ISSN
- 0022-2844 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-1432
- OpenAlex
- W2008520170
- Cited by
- 40
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Molecular Evolution (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ANU Open Research (Australian National University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Paleontology › Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Keywords
- molecular clock, explosive radiation, Cambrian explosion, Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, mammal diversification, body size, speciation rates, ecological diversification
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Birds, Body Constitution, Biological Evolution, Fossils, Mammals, Primates, Radiation, Species Specificity, Time, Evolution, Molecular
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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