In Vitro Antibiofilm Activity of an Exopolysaccharide from the Marine Thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis T14
Abstract
The development of antibiofilm strategies is of major interest in contrasting bacterial pathogenic biofilms. A novel fructose and fucose rich exopolysaccharide (EPS1-T14) produced by the recently described thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis T14, isolated from a shallow hydrothermal vent of Panarea Island (Eolian Island, Italy), was evaluated for its effects on biofilm formation by multiresistant clinical strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. The antibiofilm activity of EPS1-T14 was assessed by microtiter plate assays and visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopic images. EPS1-T14, with molecular weight of 1000 kDa, reduced biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces without affecting bacterial vitality. The novel EPS1-T14 is a water-soluble, noncytotoxic exopolymer able to prevent biofilm formation and its use may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for combating bacterial biofilm-associated infections. EPS1-T14 as antiadhesive biomolecule could be useful for novel prospective in medical and nonmedical applications.
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A possible in vitro mechanism behind antimicrobial activity of LAB-derived EPS may be related to their ability to interfere with formation of pathogen biofilms by disrupting cellular integrity and communications.
“A possible in vitro mechanism behind the antimicrobial activity of LAB-derived EPS may be related to their ability to interfere with the formation of pathogens biofilms by disrupting cellular integrity and communications [146,147].”
From Lactic Acid Bacteria Exopolysaccharides Producers: A Sustainable Tool for Functional Foods (2021) · cites this paper as [146]
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The Role of the Flagellar Protein FlgJ in the Virulence of Brucella abortus
Coloma-Rivero, R. F., Gómez, L. A., Alvarez, F. I., Saitz, W., Canto, F. D., Céspedes, S., Vidal, R. M., & Oñate, A. A. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2020.00178 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Rizzo, C., Zammuto, V., Giudice, A. L., Rizzo, M. G., Spanò, A., Laganà, P., Martínez, M., Guglielmino, S. P. P., & Gugliandolo, C. (2021) · Journal of Marine Science and Engineering · doi:10.3390/jmse9030243 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“Recent findings suggested that the exopolysaccharide produced by the marine thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis T14 possesses the ability to inhibit the biofilm formation of several pathogenic bacteria [18].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialExopolysaccharide of Anoxybacillus pushchinoensis G11 has antitumor and antibiofilm activities
Genç, B., Taşkın, M., & Adıgüzel, A. (2021) · Archives of Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s00203-021-02185-x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Laganà, P., Votano, L., Caruso, G., Azzaro, M., Giudice, A. L., & Delia, S. A. (2017) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-017-0485-1 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
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“Since bacterial EPS are recently considered as new biocontrol agent to inhibit biofilm development by pathogens (Abid et al. 2018; Spanò et al. 2016), the anti-biofilm activity of EPS-K2 was tested against the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and the Gram-positive bacteria Enterococcus faecalis (A…”
BackgroundMarine bacterial extracellular polysaccharides: A review
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Biobased Anti-Adhesive Marine Coatings from Polyhydroxyalkanoates and Polysaccharides
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“EPSs from thermophiles have been reported as biodegradable, non-toxic, safe, and environment- and human-compatible [32,33].”
BackgroundZammuto, V., Spanò, A., Nicolò, M. S., Grillo, E., Caccamo, M. T., Magazù, S., Cappello, S., & Gugliandolo, C. (2022) · Journal of Marine Science and Engineering · doi:10.3390/jmse10081077 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
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Bacterial Exopolysaccharides: From Production to Functional Features
Talbi, C., Elmarrkechy, S., Youssfi, M. E., Bouzroud, S., Belfquih, M., Sifou, A., Bouhaddou, N., Badaoui, B., Balahbib, A., Bouyahya, A., et al. (2023) · Progress In Microbes & Molecular Biology · doi:10.36877/pmmb.a0000384 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
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“Cell communication disruption and biofilm development suppression are observed due to EPSs acting through this mechanism [74].”
Zammuto, V., Rizzo, M. G., Plano, L. M. D., Franco, D., Guglielmino, S. P. P., Caccamo, M. T., Magazù, S., Fujimori, A., Giudice, A. L., Guglielmin, M., et al. (2020) · Life · doi:10.3390/life10110264 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Laganà, A., Facciolà, A., Iannazzo, D., Celesti, C., Polimeni, E., Biondo, C., Pietro, A. D., & Visalli, G. (2023) · Journal of Functional Biomaterials · doi:10.3390/jfb14080428 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Rizzo, M. G., Zammuto, V., Spanò, A., Gugliandolo, C., Calabrese, G., & Guglielmino, S. P. P. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e38367 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Compared with the antibiofilm activity of EPS1-T14 (56 % of biofilm inhibition), produced by thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis T14 [40] against K. pneumoniae , EPS B3-15 resulted less effective (30 %).”
BackgroundExopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria: Structure, biosynthesis, and health benefits
Ouarabi, L., Ouarabi, L., Hamma-Faradji, S., Mohedano, M. L., López, P., & Drider, D. (2025) · Microbes and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2025.105581 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
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Postbiotics as natural antimicrobials: a novel biocontrol strategy for food safety
Erdinc, A. N., & Çufaoğlu, G. (2026) · Frontiers in Bacteriology · doi:10.3389/fbrio.2025.1712139 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
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“The EPS1-T14 was found to be active on biofilms formed by all the target pathogenic bacteria without antibacterial effects, and it showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect depending on the strain tested (Spanò et al. 2016).”
Banerjee, A., Halder, U., Chaudhry, V., Varshney, R. K., Mantri, S. S., & Bandopadhyay, R. (2016) · Genome Announcements · doi:10.1128/genomea.01346-16 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
“Bacillus anthracis is the etiological agent of anthrax, causing fatal animal and human disease, and it was misused earlier as a biological weapon (4, 5).”
BackgroundMicrobial Biosurfactants in Food Sanitation
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“…is a mechanism by which bacteria produce molecules (typically oligopeptides in gram-positive bacteria and acyl-homoserine lactone in gram-negative bacteria) through which they can measure the size or density of the other bacteria around them and control the development of the biofilm [44, 57].”
Extremophiles: A Versatile Source of Exopolysaccharide
Padhan, M. (2021) · Springer series on polymer and composite materials · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-75289-7_5 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
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Thermophilic Bacterial Exopolysaccharides
Goswami, R., Bandyopadhyay, B., & Sadhukhan, S. (2021) · Advances in environmental engineering and green technologies book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-9144-4.ch016 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
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PRACTICALLY VALUABLE METABOLITES OF MARINE MICROORGANISMS
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“A representative of thermophilic marine bacteria is the strain Bacillus licheniformis T14, isolated from the hydrothermal vein of the island of Panarea (Italy) [81].”
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“…suggest that the antimicrobial activity of exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) primarily stems from their ability to inhibit biofilm formation by pathogenic bacteria through disruption of cellular integrity and quorum sensing (Spanò et al. 2016; Xing et al. 2009).”
Marine bacterium Cobetia sp. strain GM produces fucose-rich extracellular polymeric substance
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89th SIBS National Congress on Climate and Life | Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy, 1-2 December 2016
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The Atlanta urban watershed harbors antibiotic-resistant halotolerant bacteria
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- Authors
- Spanò, A., Laganà, P., Visalli, G., Maugeri, T. L., & Gugliandolo, C.
- Affiliations
- University of Messina (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Gugliandolo, Concetta
- Venue
- Current Microbiology
- Published
- 2016-01-11
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 518-528
- ISSN
- 0343-8651 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0991
- OpenAlex
- W2233049449
- Cited by
- 92
- References
- 56
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 3.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Current Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Polysaccharides Composition and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Ocean Engineering › Marine Biology and Environmental Chemistry
- Keywords
- exopolysaccharides, antibiofilm activity, Bacillus licheniformis, thermophilic bacteria, marine hydrothermal vents, biofilm inhibition, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, multidrug-resistant bacteria, biofilm-associated infections
- MeSH terms
- Bacillus licheniformis, Escherichia coli, Polysaccharides, Bacterial, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Seawater, Staphylococcus aureus, Biofilms, Hydrothermal Vents
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