An explorative study of in vivo digestive starch characteristics and postprandial glucose kinetics of wholemeal wheat bread
Abstract
Background Based on in vitro measurements, it is assumed that starch in wholemeal bread is rapidly digestible, which is considered to be less desirable for health.Aim of the study To evaluate the in vitro prediction, we characterized starch digestion of wholemeal wheat bread (WB) and postprandial glucose kinetics in healthy volunteers.Methods In a crossover study 4 healthy men ingested either intrinsically (13)C-enriched WB (133 g) or glucose (55 g) in water. Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations were monitored during 6 h postprandially. Using a primed continuous infusion of D-[6,6-(2)H(2)] glucose, the rate of systemic appearance of glucose was estimated (reflecting glucose influx) and the endogenous glucose production calculated.Results The glucose influx rate after WB was comparable with that after glucose in the early postprandial phase (0-2 h) (P = 0.396) and higher in the late postprandial phase (2-4 h) (P = 0.005). Despite the same initial glucose influx rate the 0-2 h incremental area under the curve (IAUC) of insulin after WB was 41% lower than after glucose (P = 0.037). Paradoxically endogenous glucose production after WB was significantly more suppressed than after glucose (0-2 h IAUC: P = 0.015, 2-4 h IAUC: P = 0.018).Conclusions Starch in WB seems to be partly rapidly and partly slowly digestible. Postprandial insulin response and endogenous glucose production after WB ingestion might not solely be determined by the digestive characteristics of starch; other components of WB seem to affect glucose homeostasis. In vitro measurements might not always predict in vivo starch digestion precisely.
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Whole grains decrease inflammatory biomarkers and influence postprandial glucose metabolism, which could affect insulin sensitivity.
“whole grains decrease inflammatory biomarkers [48] and influence the postprandial glucose metabolism [49,50,51], which could affect insulin sensitivity.”
From The Effect of Anxiety and Nutritional Habits on the Body Distortion of Athletes. (2025) · cites this paper as [49]
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- Authors
- Priebe, M. G., Wachters-Hagedoorn, R. E., Heimweg, J. A. J., Small, A., Preston, T., Elzinga, H., Stellaard, F., & Vonk, R. J.
- Affiliations
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Priebe, Marion G.
- Venue
- European Journal of Nutrition
- Published
- 2008-10-13
- Volume
- 47
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 417-423
- ISSN
- 1436-6207 (ISSN-L)
- 1436-6215
- OpenAlex
- W2065580328
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Journal of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Seed and Plant Biochemistry
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Natural Antidiabetic Agents Studies
- Keywords
- starch digestibility, postprandial insulin response, endogenous glucose production, in vitro-to-in vivo prediction, glucose homeostasis, dietary fiber
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Bread, Carbon Isotopes, Deuterium, Digestion, Humans, Insulin, Male, Starch, Triticum, Cross-Over Studies, Postprandial Period, Area Under Curve, Glycemic Index, Young Adult
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