Measurement of Size and Turnover Rate of Body Glucose Pool by the Isotope Dilution Method

Steele, R.; Wall, J. S.; de Bodo, R. C.; Altszuler, N.

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1956.187.1.15

Cited by 816Diabetes Management and ResearchPancreatic function and diabetesDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

Measurement of Size and Turnover Rate of Body Glucose Pool by the Isotope Dilution Method

Steele, R., Wall, J. S., de Bodo, R. C., Altszuler, N.·1956·American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content

DOI 10.1152/ajplegacy.1956.187.1.15

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Abstract

Glucose uniformly labeled with C 14 was administered intravenously in minute amounts to unanesthetized dogs in the postabsorptive state as an initial dose followed by a continuous infusion. The C 14 content of the plasma glucose was determined at intervals. When the ratio of priming dose to infusion rate was suitable, the plasma glucose specific activity remained relatively constant during the 60–180-minute period of the infusion, whereas during the first 60 minutes it decreased in a manner indicating the presence of two compartments exchanging glucose with the plasma glucose compartment. For a typical experiment of this kind, the amounts of glucose in these compartments and the rates at which these bodies of glucose underwent mixing with the plasma glucose were calculated. It was then possible to determine the magnitude of the errors in body glucose pool size and inflow-outflow (i.e., turnover) rate which are made when measurements are carried out at various ratios of priming dose to infusion rate. These errors are incurred when the usual simplifying assumption is made that instantaneous mixing occurs throughout the body glucose pool. It was found that there is an extensive range of ratios of initial dose to infusion rate over which the errors are small enough (less than ± 5%) to be ignored; it is not necessary to carry out a preliminary experiment on each dog to establish a desirable ratio. Average values of body glucose pool size and glucose inflow-outflow rate obtained in 10 experiments with seven normal dogs are compared with values which have been reported by others. The physiological significance of these parameters measured by isotope dilution is discussed.

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Dexamethasone-induced increase of PEPCK gene transcription is either blunted or totally inhibited by elevated insulin, suggesting that insulin is a dominant hormone in the regulation of gluconeogenesis.
“As pointed out by Sasaki et al. (44), dexamethasoneinduced increase of PEPCK gene transcription is either blunted or totally inhibited by elevated insulin, suggesting that insulin is a dominant hormone in the regulation of gluconeogenesis (44).”
From Impaired basal glucose effectiveness but unaltered fasting glucose release and gluconeogenesis during short-term hypercortisolemia in healthy subjects (2004) · cites this paper as [44]

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Authors: Steele, R., Wall, J. S., de Bodo, R. C., & Altszuler, N.
Affiliations: Brookhaven National Laboratory (US)
From the Department of Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, and the Department of Pharmacology, New York University College of Medicine, New York City
Venue: American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content
Publisher: American Physiological Society
Published: 1956-09-30
Volume: 187
Issue: 1
Pages: 15-24
ISSN: 0002-9513 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1956.187.1.15
OpenAlex: W2196957880
Cited by: 816
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 14
FWCI: 7.13
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Physiology-Legacy Content (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: isotope dilution, carbon-14 labeled glucose, compartmental analysis, postabsorptive state, glucose kinetics, dogs
MeSH terms: Glucose, Isotopes, Radioisotope Dilution Technique, Carbohydrate Metabolism

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Measurement of Size and Turnover Rate of Body Glucose Pool by the Isotope Dilution Method

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