Deleterious ABCA7 mutations and transcript rescue mechanisms in early onset Alzheimer’s disease
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Premature termination codon (PTC) mutations in the ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family A, Member 7 gene (ABCA7) have recently been identified as intermediate-to-high penetrant risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). High variability, however, is observed in downstream ABCA7 mRNA and protein expression, disease penetrance, and onset age, indicative of unknown modifying factors. Here, we investigated the prevalence and disease penetrance of ABCA7 PTC mutations in a large early onset AD (EOAD)-control cohort, and examined the effect on transcript level with comprehensive third-generation long-read sequencing. We characterized the ABCA7 coding sequence with next-generation sequencing in 928 EOAD patients and 980 matched control individuals. With MetaSKAT rare variant association analysis, we observed a fivefold enrichment (p = 0.0004) of PTC mutations in EOAD patients (3%) versus controls (0.6%). Ten novel PTC mutations were only observed in patients, and PTC mutation carriers in general had an increased familial AD load. In addition, we observed nominal risk reducing trends for three common coding variants. Seven PTC mutations were further analyzed using targeted long-read cDNA sequencing on an Oxford Nanopore MinION platform. PTC-containing transcripts for each investigated PTC mutation were observed at varying proportion (5-41% of the total read count), implying incomplete nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). Furthermore, we distinguished and phased several previously unknown alternative splicing events (up to 30% of transcripts). In conjunction with PTC mutations, several of these novel ABCA7 isoforms have the potential to rescue deleterious PTC effects. In conclusion, ABCA7 PTC mutations play a substantial role in EOAD, warranting genetic screening of ABCA7 in genetically unexplained patients. Long-read cDNA sequencing revealed both varying degrees of NMD and transcript-modifying events, which may influence ABCA7 dosage, disease severity, and may create opportunities for therapeutic interventions in AD.
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For the 24 signals reported, other evidence indicates that APOE, ABCA7, BIN1, TREM2, SORL1, ADAM10, SPI1, and CR1 are the true Alzheimer's disease risk genes.
“For the 24 signals reported here, other evidence indicates that APOE35,36, ABCA7 (refs. 37–40), BIN1 (ref. 41), TREM2 (refs. 7,8), SORL1 (refs. 42,43), ADAM10 (ref. 44), SPI1 (ref. 45), and CR1 (ref. 46) are the true Alzheimer’s disease risk gene”
From Genetic meta-analysis of diagnosed Alzheimer’s disease identifies new risk loci and implicates Aβ, tau, immunity and lipid processing (2019) · cites this paper as [40]
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- Authors
- On behalf of the European Early-Onset Dementia (EU EOD) consortium, De Roeck, A., Van den Bossche, T., van der Zee, J., Verheijen, J., De Coster, W., Van Dongen, J., Dillen, L., Baradaran-Heravi, Y., Heeman, B., Sanchez-Valle, R., Lladó, A., Nacmias, B., Sorbi, S., Gelpi, E., Grau-Rivera, O., Gómez-Tortosa, E., Pastor, P., Ortega-Cubero, S., Pastor, M. A., Graff, C., Thonberg, H., Benussi, L., Ghidoni, R., Binetti, G., de Mendonça, A., Martins, M., Borroni, B., Padovani, A., Almeida, M. R., Santana, I., Diehl-Schmid, J., Alexopoulos, P., Clarimon, J., Lleó, A., Fortea, J., Tsolaki, M., Koutroumani, M., Matěj, R., Rohan, Z., De Deyn, P., Engelborghs, S., Cras, P., Van Broeckhoven, C., & Sleegers, K.
- Affiliations
- University of Antwerp (BE)
- Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (ES)
- University of Florence (IT)
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli (IT)
- University of Lisbon (PT)
- University of Brescia (IT)
- Centro de Neurociências e Biologia Celular (PT)
- Technical University of Munich (DE)
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR)
- Charles University (CZ)
- Corresponding author
- Sleegers, Kristel
- ORCID
- Verheijen, Jan
- Heeman, Bavo
- Lladó, Albert
- Nacmias, Benedetta
- Sorbi, Sandro
- Graff, Caroline
- Benussi, Luisa
- Ghidoni, Roberta
- Binetti, Giuliano
- Martins, Madalena
- Borroni, Barbara
- Padovani, Alessandro
- Almeida, Maria Rosário
- Santana, Isabel
- Alexopoulos, Panagiotis
- Lleó, Alberto
- Fortea, Juan
- Tsolaki, Magda
- Koutroumani, Maria
- Matěj, Radoslav
- Engelborghs, Sebastiaan
- Cras, Patrick
- Sleegers, Kristel
- Venue
- Acta Neuropathologica
- Published
- 2017-04-27
- Volume
- 134
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 475-487
- ISSN
- 0001-6322 (ISSN-L)
- 1432-0533
- PMC
- PMC5563332
- OpenAlex
- W2609657566
- Cited by
- 74
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 4.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Acta Neuropathologica (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Dipòsit Digital de Documents de la UAB (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Florence Research (University of Florence) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- mediaTUM – the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich) (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Seventh Framework Programme (305299)
- BELSPO (NeuroBrainNet)
- SAO-FRA (S16031, S13023)
- Flemish Government initiated Flanders Impulse Program on Networks for Dementia Research (VIND)
- Flemish Government Initiated Methusalem Excellence Program
- FWO (1S44216N)
- VIB (Technology Fund)
- University of Antwerp Research Fund
- VLAIO (Hermesfonds)
- Generalitat de Catalunya (2014SGR-0235)
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI12/01311)
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness ISCIII (PI14/00282)
- European Regional Development Fund
- Italian Ministry of Health (RF-2010-2319722, Ricerca Corrente)
- Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Pistoia e Pescia (2014.0365)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- ABCA7, early-onset Alzheimer's disease, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, alternative splicing, disease penetrance, rare variant association, genetic screening
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Alzheimer Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mutation, Age of Onset, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Genetic Association Studies
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