Enhancement of aerobic fitness improves social functioning in individuals with schizophrenia
Open accessAbstract
Individuals with schizophrenia display substantial deficits in social functioning (SF), characterized by chronic, lifelong presentations. Yet, at present there are few effective interventions to enhance SF in this population. Emerging evidence from studies of clinical populations that display similar SF deficits suggests that aerobic exercise (AE) may improve social skills. However, this putative impact has not been investigated in schizophrenia. Employing a single-blind, randomized clinical trial design, 33 individuals with schizophrenia were randomized to receive 12 weeks of Treatment-As-Usual (TAU; n = 17) or TAU + AE (n = 16) utilizing active-play video games (Xbox 360 Kinect) and traditional AE equipment. Participants completed an evaluation of aerobic fitness (VO 2 max) as well as self-, informant-, and clinician-reported SF measures at baseline and after 12 weeks. Twenty-six participants completed the study (79%; TAU = 13; AE = 13). At follow-up, the AE participants improved their VO 2 max by 18.0% versus - 0.5% in the controls (group x time interaction, F 1,24 = 12.88; p = .002). Hierarchical stepwise regression analyses indicated improvements in VO 2 max significantly predicted enhancement in SF as indexed by self-, informant-, and clinician-reported measures, predicting 47%, 33%, and 25% of the variance, respectively (controlling for baseline demographics, medications, mood symptoms, and social networks). Compared to the TAU group, AE participants reported significant improvement in SF (23.0% vs. - 4.2%; group × time interaction, F 1,24 = 7.48, p = .012). The results indicate that VO 2 max enhancement leads to improvements in SF in people with schizophrenia. Furthermore, low VO 2 max represents a modifiable risk factor of SF in people with schizophrenia, for which AE training offers a safe, non-stigmatizing, and nearly side-effect-free intervention.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Physical exercise interventions that demonstrated significant social functioning outcomes ranged from 10 weeks to 3 months with 60-120 min of weekly sessions.
“Interventions that demonstrated statistically significant social functioning outcomes ranged from 10 weeks to 3 months with 60–120 min of weekly sessions (Dubreucq et al. 2020; Firth et al. 2018; Kimhy et al. 2021; Şenormancı et al. 2021).”
From Social Functioning Interventions in Psychosis: A Systematic Review. (2025) · cites this paper as Kimhy et al. 2021
The Methods (Measures; page unavailable) describe a 12-week aerobic-exercise intervention, and the Results report a statistically significant social-functioning difference on one measure among study completers. But the prescribed schedule was three 1-hour sessions per week—180 minutes, not 60–120. The Results also report an average of 2.4 sessions attended per week, equivalent to about 144 session minutes. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPhysical exercise interventions improved social functioning in psychosis compared to treatment-as-usual.
“Four studies found statistically significant improvements in social functioning in psychosis compared to the treatment‐as‐usual (TAU) group (Dubreucq et al. 2020; Firth et al. 2018; Kimhy et al. 2021; Şenormancı et al. 2021).”
From Social Functioning Interventions in Psychosis: A Systematic Review. (2025) · cites this paper as Kimhy et al. 2021
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Beck, A. T., Steer, R. A., & Brown, G. (2011) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t00742-000 · Cited by 7,535 · see citing works
Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms
Andreasen, N. C. (1982) · PsycTESTS Dataset · doi:10.1037/t12696-000 · Cited by 1,878 · see citing works
Fett, A.-K. J., Viechtbauer, W., Dominguez, M.-D.-G., Penn, D. L., van Os, J., & Krabbendam, L. (2011) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.07.001 · Cited by 1,833 · see citing works
The Quality of Life Scale: An Instrument for Rating the Schizophrenic Deficit Syndrome
Heinrichs, D. W., Hanlon, T. E., & Carpenter, W. T. (1984) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/10.3.388 · Cited by 1,693 · see citing works
The Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS): Conceptual and Theoretical Foundations
Andreasen, N. C. (1989) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/s0007125000291496 · Cited by 1,532 · see citing works
The Functional Significance of Social Cognition in Schizophrenia: A Review
Couture, S. M. (2006) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl029 · Cited by 1,279 · see citing works
Modelling cognition in emotional disorder: the S-REF model
Wells, A., & Matthews, G. (1996) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/s0005-7967(96)00050-2 · Cited by 1,067 · see citing works
Stubbs, B., Vancampfort, D., Hallgren, M., Firth, J., Veronese, N., Solmi, M., Brand, S., Cordes, J., Malchow, B., Gerber, M., et al. (2018) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.07.004 · Cited by 697 · see citing works
Robinson, D. G., Woerner, M. G., McMeniman, M., Mendelowitz, A., & Bilder, R. M. (2004) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.161.3.473 · Cited by 590 · see citing works
Firth, J., Stubbs, B., Rosenbaum, S., Vancampfort, D., Malchow, B., Schuch, F., Elliott, R., Nuechterlein, K. H., & Yung, A. R. (2016) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw115 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Social support: Conceptualization, measurement, and implications for mental health.
Turner, R. J., Frankel, B. G., & Levin, D. (1983) · Cited by 438 · see citing works
SLOF: a behavioral rating scale for assessing the mentally ill
Schneider, L. C., & Struening, E. L. (1983) · Social Work Research and Abstracts · doi:10.1093/swra/19.3.9 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Social Cognition in Schizophrenia, Part 1: Performance Across Phase of Illness
Green, M. F., Bearden, C. E., Cannon, T. D., Fiske, A. P., Hellemann, G., Horan, W. P., Kee, K. S., Kern, R. S., Lee, J., Sergi, M. J., et al. (2011) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbq171 · Cited by 422 · see citing works
Dauwan, M., Begemann, M. J. H., Heringa, S. M., & Sommer, I. E. (2016) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv164 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
Effects of physical exercise on Autism Spectrum Disorders: A meta-analysis
Sowa, M., & Meulenbroek, R. (2012) · Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2011.09.001 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Bremer, E., Crozier, M., & Lloyd, M. (2016) · Autism · doi:10.1177/1362361315616002 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Social functioning as an outcome measure in schizophrenia studies
Burns, T., & Patrick, D. M. (2007) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01108.x · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Swartz, M. S., Perkins, D. O., Stroup, T. S., Thomas, S., Capuano, G. A., Rosenheck, R. A., Reimherr, F. W., McGee, M., Keefe, R. S. E., McEvoy, J. P., et al. (2007) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2007.164.3.428 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Horan, W. P., Green, M. F., DeGroot, M., Fiske, A. P., Hellemann, G., Kee, K. S., Kern, R. S., Lee, J., Sergi, M. J., Subotnik, K. L., et al. (2011) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbr001 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
Laws, K. R., Darlington, N., Kondel, T. K., McKenna, P. J., & Jauhar, S. (2018) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-018-0243-2 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Bellack, A. S., Green, M. F., Cook, J. Α., Fenton, W. S., Harvey, P. D., Heaton, R. K., LAUGHREN, T. P., Leon, A. C., Mayo, D. J., Patrick, D. L., et al. (2006) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbl035 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Handbook of social functioning in schizophrenia
Mueser, K. T., & Tarrier, N. (1998) · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Toward a Neural Basis for Social Behavior
Stanley, D. A., & Adolphs, R. (2013) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.10.038 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Kimhy, D., Vakhrusheva, J., Bartels, M. N., Armstrong, H. F., Ballon, J. S., Khan, S., Chang, R. W., Hansen, M. C., Ayanruoh, L., Lister, A., et al. (2015) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv022 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Self-citationA systematic review and meta-analysis of cognitive remediation in early schizophrenia
Revell, E. R., Neill, J. C., Harte, M., Khan, Z., & Drake, R. (2015) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2015.08.017 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Kimhy, D., Vakhrusheva, J., Jobson-Ahmed, L., Tarrier, N., Malaspina, D., & Gross, J. J. (2012) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2012.05.029 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Self-citationSocial Cognition in Schizophrenia
Pinkham, A. E. (2014) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.13065su1.04 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Handbook of Social Functioning in Schizophrenia
Tohen, M. F. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.8.1286 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Duration of untreated psychosis: impact on 2-year outcome
Addington, J., van Mastrigt, S. B., & Addington, D. E. (2004) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291703001156 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Louise, S., Fitzpatrick, M., Strauss, C., Rossell, S. L., & Thomas, N. (2018) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2017.05.023 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Ventura, J., Subotnik, K. L., Gitlin, M. J., Gretchen‐Doorly, D., Ered, A., Villa, K. F., Hellemann, G., & Nuechterlein, K. H. (2014) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.10.043 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Corcoran, C. M., Kimhy, D., Parrilla-Escobar, M. A., Cressman, V. L., Stanford, A. D., Thompson, J. L., Ben‐David, S., Crumbley, A. H., Schobel, S., Moore, H. M., et al. (2010) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291710000802 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Self-citationA Meta-Analysis of Autobiographical Memory Studies in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder
Berna, F. S., Potheegadoo, J., Aouadi, I., Ricarte, J. J., Allé, M., Coutelle, R., Boyer, L., Cuervo-Lombard, C.-V., & Danion, J. (2015) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbv099 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
De Silva, M. J., Cooper, S., Li, H. L., Lund, C., & Patel, V. (2013) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.112.118018 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Dodell-Feder, D., Tully, L. M., Lincoln, S. H., & Hooker, C. I. (2014) · NeuroImage: Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2013.11.006 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Ventral anterior cingulate cortex and social decision-making
Lockwood, P. L., & Wittmann, M. K. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.05.030 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Kimhy, D., Vakhrusheva, J., Bartels, M. N., Armstrong, H. F., Ballon, J. S., Khan, S., Chang, R. W., Hansen, M. C., Ayanruoh, L., Smith, E. E., et al. (2014) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2014.08.052 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationNuechterlein, K. H., Ventura, J., McEwen, S. C., Gretchen‐Doorly, D., Vinogradov, S., & Subotnik, K. L. (2016) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbw007 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Devoe, D. J. A., Farris, M. S., Townes, P., & Addington, J. (2018) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.12689 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Neuroimaging studies of social cognition in schizophrenia
Fujiwara, H., Yassin, W., & Murai, T. (2014) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.12258 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Stress and coping responses to a natural disaster in people with schizophrenia
Horan, W. P., Ventura, J., Mintz, J., Kopelowicz, A. J., Wirshing, D. A., Christian-Herman, J. L., Foy, D. W., & Liberman, R. P. (2007) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2006.10.009 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Prevalence and Incidence of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Implications for Prevention
Jablensky, A. V. (2000) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/000486700219 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
McCleery, A., Lee, J., Fiske, A. P., Ghermezi, L., Hayata, J. N., Hellemann, G., Horan, W. P., Kee, K. S., Kern, R. S., Knowlton, B. J., et al. (2016) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.07.008 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Kimhy, D., Delespaul, P., Ahn, H., Cai, S., Shikhman, M., Lieberman, J. A., Malaspina, D., & Sloan, R. P. (2009) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbp028 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citationNeurobiological effects of aerobic exercise, with a focus on patients with schizophrenia
Maurus, I., Hasan, A., Röh, A., Takahashi, S., Rauchmann, B., Keeser, D., Malchow, B., Schmitt, A., & Falkai, P. (2019) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-019-01025-w · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Brambilla, P., Perlini, C., Rajagopalan, P., Saharan, P., Rambaldelli, G., Bellani, M., Dusi, N., Cerini, R., Mucelli, R. P., Tansella, M., et al. (2013) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.111.105700 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Kimhy, D., Lauriola, V., Bartels, M. N., Armstrong, H. F., Vakhrusheva, J., Ballon, J. S., & Sloan, R. P. (2016) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2016.01.055 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationAerobic Exercise in People with Schizophrenia: Neural and Neurocognitive Benefits
Vakhrusheva, J., Marino, B., Stroup, T. S., & Kimhy, D. (2016) · Current Behavioral Neuroscience Reports · doi:10.1007/s40473-016-0077-2 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationDevelopmental abnormalities of the hippocampus in First-Episode schizophrenia
Smith, G. N., Lang, D. J., Kopala, L. C., Lapointe, J. S., Falkai, P., & Honer, W. G. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(02)01977-7 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Brissos, S., Balanzá‐Martínez, V., Dias, V. V., Carita, A. I., & Figueira, M. L. (2011) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-011-0200-z · Cited by 46 · see citing works
SU106. Investigating the Short- and Long-Term Benefits of Exercise in Early Psychosis
Firth, J., Carney, R., French, P., Elliott, R., & Yung, A. R. (2017) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbx024.102 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Blum, L. H., Vakhrusheva, J., Saperstein, A. M., Khan, S., Chang, R. W., Hansen, M. C., Zemon, V. M., & Kimhy, D. (2015) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2015.03.008 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationvan der Stouwe, E. C. D., van Busschbach, J. T., de Vries, B., Cahn, W., Aleman, A., & Pijnenborg, G. H. M. (2018) · NeuroImage Clinical · doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2018.04.018 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Mittal, V. A., Firth, J., & Kimhy, D. (2020) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.003 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationPsychometric Evaluation of the Depressive Personality Disorder Inventory
Huprich, S. K., Sanford, K., & Smith, M. (2002) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.16.3.255.22539 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Prevalence and Incidence of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Implications for Prevention
Jablensky, A. V. (2000) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/000486740003401s05 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Quality of life in treated and never‐treated schizophrenic patients
Green, C. A., Fenn, D. S., Moussaoui, D., Kadri, N., & Hoffman, W. F. (2001) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2001.00088.x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Damme, K. S. F., Schiffman, J. E., Ellman, L. M., & Mittal, V. A. (2020) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbaa138 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Kern, R. S., Reddy, L. F., Cohen, A. N., Young, A. S., & Green, M. F. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113258 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Vancampfort, D., Binder, M. D., Myin‐Germeys, I., van Winkel, R., Firth, J., Damme, T. V., & Probst, M. (2017) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2017.03.027 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Ospina, L., Wall, M., Jarskog, L., Ballon, J. S., McEvoy, J., Bartels, M., Buchsbaum, R., Sloan, R., Stroup, T., & Kimhy, D. (2019) · Journal of Psychiatry and Brain Science · doi:10.20900/jpbs.20190020 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Self-citationSocial cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: The moderating role of cardiac vagal tone.
Hamilton, H., Sun, J. C., Green, M. F., Kee, K. S., Lee, J., Sergi, M. J., Sholty, G. L., Mathis, K. I., Jetton, C., Williams, T. J., et al. (2014) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0037813 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Experience sampling in the study of psychosis
Kimhy, D., & Vakhrusheva, J. (2019) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315398341-4 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationIfrah, C., Ospina, L. H., Shagalow, S., Beck-Felts, K., & Kimhy, D. (2020) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2020.03.013 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Korman, N., Stanton, R., Vecchio, A., Chapman, J. J., Parker, S., Martland, R., Siskind, D. J., & Firth, J. (2023) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2023.04.012 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Damme, K. S. F., Gupta, T., Ristanovic, I., Kimhy, D., Bryan, A. D., & Mittal, V. A. (2022) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbac084 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationAerobic exercise in severe mental illness: requirements from the perspective of sports medicine
Falkai, P., Schmitt, A., Rosenbeiger, C. P., Maurus, I., Hattenkofer, L., Hasan, A., Malchow, B., Heim-Ohmayer, P., Halle, M., & Heitkamp, M. (2021) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-021-01360-x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Mangal, N. K., & Tiwari, A. K. (2021) · Computers in Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104316 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Dopamine, Psychosis, and Symptom Fluctuation: A Narrative Review
Novak, G., & Seeman, M. (2022) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare10091713 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Benefits of video games for people with schizophrenia: a literature review
Quilès, C., & Verdoux, H. (2023) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0000000000000867 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Fendrich, S. J., Koralnik, L. R., Bonner, M., Goetz, D. M., Joe, P., Lee, J. J., Mueller, B. R., Robinson‐Papp, J., Gonen, O., Clemente, J. C., et al. (2022) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114526 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Vila-Barrios, L., Carballeira, E., Varela-Sanz, A., Iglesias‐Soler, E., & Dopico-Calvo, X. (2023) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs13120959 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Social Functioning Interventions in Psychosis: A Systematic Review.
Vinu, M., & Georgiades, A. (2025) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.70090 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Li, Q., Gong, Y., Cui, Y., Chen, C., Wang, Y., Huang, G., Gu, W., Meng, B., Wang, M., Wu, D., et al. (2023) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115255 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Damiani, S., D'Imperio, A., Raduà, J., Fortea, L., Calò, M., Crippa, A., Esposito, C. M., Lumer, E. L. L., Patron, S., Peviani, A., et al. (2025) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116406 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Video Games as a Complementary Therapy for Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review
Molina‐Madueño, R. M., Díaz-Oliván, I., Girela, B., Moreno, M., Jiménez-Muñoz, L., Delgado-Gómez, D., Peñuelas‐Calvo, I., Baca‐García, E., & Porras-Segovia, A. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/pra.0000000000000614 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Stratou, E., Gerosideris, N., Daskalou, S. D., & Katsouri, I.-G. (2025) · OTJR Occupational Therapy Journal of Research · doi:10.1177/15394492251353567 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Exercise as an Adjuvant Treatment of Schizophrenia: A Review
Abbas, M. S., Nassar, S. T., Tasha, T., Desai, A. V., Bajgain, A., Ali, A., Dutta, C., Pasha, K., Paul, S., & Venugopal, S. (2023) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.42084 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Kimhy, D., Ospina, L. H., Wall, M. M., Alschuler, D. M., Jarskog, L. F., Ballon, J. S., McEvoy, J. P., Bartels, M. N., Buchsbaum, R., Goodman, M. S., et al. (2025) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/68251 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Self-citationWang, W., Ye, M., Zhong, Y., Zhang, M., Wang, Y., Chen, C., Yao, Y., Feng, Z., Yuan, X., Shi, S., et al. (2025) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42049 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Gamified interventions for schizophrenia rehabilitation: A systematic scoping review
Yang, H., Chang, F., Zhu, D., Muroi, F., Liu, Z., Zhang, W., & Cai, J. (2025) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102651 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Greca, E., Vivas, V. B., Ferrer, G. F., & Michel, J. (2025) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116919 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Lian, A., Fan, Q., Wang, W., Liu, Q., Shi, J., Zhuang, M., Li, Y., & Liu, X. (2023) · Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications · doi:10.1016/j.conctc.2023.101214 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Everyday function in schizophrenia: The impact of aerobic endurance and skeletal muscle strength
Brobakken, M. F., Nygård, M., Vedul‐Kjelsås, E., Harvey, P. D., & Wang, E. (2024) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/j.schres.2024.06.027 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Wang, Q., Fu, T., Chen, S., & Zhang, K. (2026) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s592035 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Ventura, J., Roell, L., Maurus, I., & Firth, J. (2026) · Schizophrenia Bulletin Open · doi:10.1093/schizbullopen/sgag006 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Sentissi, O., Zosso, G., Cogordon, A., & Chilla, C. (2023) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2023.1197925
Körperliche Aktivität als Therapieform
Fleckenstein, J. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-66990-7_5
Active Lifestyle in Schizophrenia
de Almeida, R. S., & Marques, A. J. (2023) · Advances in psychology, mental health, and behavioral studies (APMHBS) book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-6040-5.ch005
Physical activity in the treatment of schizophrenia
Motlová, L. B. (2026) · Psychiatrie pro praxi · doi:10.36290/psy.2026.005
Etayo-Urtasun, P., Ancín-Osés, A., Izquierdo, M., & de Asteasu, M. L. S. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2026.122587
- Authors
- Kimhy, D., Tay, C., Vakhrusheva, J., Beck-Felts, K., Ospina, L. H., Ifrah, C., Parvaz, M., Gross, J. J., & Bartels, M. N.
- Affiliations
- James J. Peters VA Medical Center (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Columbia University (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kimhy, D.
- Venue
- European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
- Published
- 2021-01-03
- Volume
- 271
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 367-376
- ISSN
- 0003-9373 (ISSN-L)
- 0940-1334
- 1433-8491
- PMC
- PMC7778707
- OpenAlex
- W3119334866
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 2.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R21 MH096132)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, social functioning, aerobic exercise, cardiorespiratory fitness, VO2max, Kinect sensor, exercise intervention, social skills
- MeSH terms
- Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Social Interaction, Adolescent, Adult, Exercise Therapy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Physical Fitness, Pilot Projects, Schizophrenia, Exercise, Single-Blind Method, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
