Cited by 109Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and EffectsPsychedelics and Drug StudiesTryptophan and brain disorders

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A possibly sigma-1 receptor mediated role of dimethyltryptamine in tissue protection, regeneration, and immunity.

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Frecska, Ede, Szabo, Attila, Winkelman, Michael J., Luna, Luis E., McKenna, Dennis J.·2013·Journal of Neural Transmission

DOI 10.1007/s00702-013-1024-y

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Abstract

N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) is classified as a naturally occurring serotonergic hallucinogen of plant origin. It has also been found in animal tissues and regarded as an endogenous trace amine transmitter. The vast majority of research on DMT has targeted its psychotropic/psychedelic properties with less focus on its effects beyond the nervous system. The recent discovery that DMT is an endogenous ligand of the sigma-1 receptor may shed light on yet undiscovered physiological mechanisms of DMT activity and reveal some of its putative biological functions. A three-step active uptake process of DMT from peripheral sources to neurons underscores a presumed physiological significance of this endogenous hallucinogen. In this paper, we overview the literature on the effects of sigma-1 receptor ligands on cellular bioenergetics, the role of serotonin, and serotoninergic analogues in immunoregulation and the data regarding gene expression of the DMT synthesizing enzyme indolethylamine-N-methyltransferase in carcinogenesis. We conclude that the function of DMT may extend central nervous activity and involve a more universal role in cellular protective mechanisms. Suggestions are offered for future directions of indole alkaloid research in the general medical field. We provide converging evidence that while DMT is a substance which produces powerful psychedelic experiences, it is better understood not as a hallucinogenic drug of abuse, but rather an agent of significant adaptive mechanisms that can also serve as a promising tool in the development of future medical therapies.

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See all 109

Authors: Frecska, E., Szabo, A., Winkelman, M. J., Luna, L. E., & McKenna, D. J.
Affiliations: University of Debrecen (HU)
Arizona State University (US)
University of Minnesota (US)
Corresponding author: Frecska, Ede
ORCID: Frecska, Ede
Winkelman, Michael J.
Venue: Journal of Neural Transmission
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2013-04-26
Volume: 120
Issue: 9
Pages: 1295-1303
ISSN: 0300-9564 (ISSN-L)
1435-1463
DOI: 10.1007/s00702-013-1024-y
OpenAlex: W2158268739
Cited by: 109
References: 95
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 0.69
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
link.springer.com
Licence: other-oa
www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Journal of Neural Transmission (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Repository of the Academy's Library (Library of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences) (acceptedVersion)
University of Debrecen Electronic Archive (University of Debrecen) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Keywords: N,N-dimethyltryptamine, sigma-1 receptor, serotonin, immune regulation, tissue protection, regeneration, cellular bioenergetics, carcinogenesis, indole alkaloids, hallucinogens, drug repurposing
MeSH terms: Sigma-1 Receptor, Animals, Death, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Hallucinogens, Heart Arrest, Humans, Methyltransferases, Neoplasms, Receptors, Serotonin, Regeneration, Tissue Distribution, Receptors, sigma, Oxidative Stress, Serotonin Agents

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A possibly sigma-1 receptor mediated role of dimethyltryptamine in tissue protection, regeneration, and immunity.

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