Cited by 557Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and EffectsPsychedelics and Drug StudiesReceptor Mechanisms and Signaling

The Hallucinogen N,N -Dimethyltryptamine (DMT) Is an Endogenous Sigma-1 Receptor Regulator

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Fontanilla, Dominique, Johannessen, Molly, Hajipour, Abdol R., Cozzi, Nicholas V., Jackson, Meyer B., Ruoho, Arnold E.·2009·Science

Abstract

The sigma-1 receptor is widely distributed in the central nervous system and periphery. Originally mischaracterized as an opioid receptor, the sigma-1 receptor binds a vast number of synthetic compounds but does not bind opioid peptides; it is currently considered an orphan receptor. The sigma-1 receptor pharmacophore includes an alkylamine core, also found in the endogenous compound N,N -dimethyltryptamine (DMT). DMT acts as a hallucinogen, but its receptor target has been unclear. DMT bound to sigma-1 receptors and inhibited voltage-gated sodium ion (Na + ) channels in both native cardiac myocytes and heterologous cells that express sigma-1 receptors. DMT induced hypermobility in wild-type mice but not in sigma-1 receptor knockout mice. These biochemical, physiological, and behavioral experiments indicate that DMT is an endogenous agonist for the sigma-1 receptor.

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Authors
Fontanilla, D., Johannessen, M., Hajipour, A. R., Cozzi, N. V., Jackson, M. B., & Ruoho, A. E.
Affiliations
University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
Corresponding author
Ruoho, Arnold E.
Venue
Science
Published
2009-02-13
Volume
323
Issue
5916
Pages
934-937
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
OpenAlex
W2125368083
Cited by
535
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 27 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 31 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 32
FWCI
16.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH065503)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (F31DA022932)
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32 GM08688, T32GM008688)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 30016, R01NS030016, R37NS030016)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychedelics and Drug Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
Keywords
N,N-dimethyltryptamine, sigma-1 receptor, hallucinogens, orphan receptors, voltage-gated sodium channels, cardiomyocytes, receptor knockout mice, alkylamine ligands
MeSH terms
Sigma-1 Receptor, Animals, Cell Line, Cells, Cultured, Chlorocebus aethiops, N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, Guinea Pigs, Hallucinogens, Ligands, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Myocardium, Tryptamines, Receptors, sigma, Mice, Knockout, COS Cells, Mice, Rats

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