The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Gender Differences When Parenting Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Multilevel Modeling Approach
Abstract
Parenting a child with autism may differentially affect mothers and fathers. Existing studies of mother-father differences often ignore the interdependence of data within families. We investigated gender differences within-families using multilevel linear modeling. Mothers and fathers of children with autism (161 couples) reported on their own well-being, and their child's functioning. Mothers reported higher levels of distress compared with fathers, and child behavior problems predicted psychological distress for both mothers and fathers. We found little evidence of child functioning variables affecting mothers and fathers differently. Gender differences in the impact of child autism on parents appear to be robust. More family systems research is required to fully understand these gender differences and the implications for family support.
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“As suggested by Jones et al. [54], to face this kind of neurodevelopmental disorder, emotional support to the couple may become the most important protective factor for maintaining adequate levels of psychological well-being.”
Citations
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Macdonald, M. J., Huizinga, K. M., McAllister, A. K., Anderson, T. B., Pierce, O. R., Lambert, J. M., Tarré, B., Colter, A. M., & Hodapp, R. M. (2023) · International review of research in developmental disabilities · doi:10.1016/bs.irrdd.2023.09.003 · Cited by 1
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Lahaie, E., Poitras, K., & Birnbaum, R. (2023) · Family Court Review · doi:10.1111/fcre.12759 · Cited by 1
The Impact of Autism on Parents' Lived Experiences
Chepngetich, V. (2024) · Journal of Sociology Psychology & Religious Studies · doi:10.53819/81018102t7012
Emerich-Geraldo, D. (2018) · doi:10.11606/t.47.2018.tde-05022018-155845 · Cited by 1
Factors Influencing Father Involvement With Children Diagnosed With Autism Spectrum Disorder
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The Impact of Autism on Family: Three Themes
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DEMOCRACIA: EVOLUÇÃO, CRISE E NOVAS PERSPECTIVAS
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Conceptualisations of wellbeing: Through the eyes of primary carers of autistic children
Baird-Bate, K. (2023) · Queensland University of Technology · doi:10.5204/thesis.eprints.245239
Relationship between Sense of Stress and Posttraumatic Growth
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Seymour, M., McMahon, G., Fogarty, A., O’Connor, B. C., Feinberg, M., Hock, R., & Giallo, R. (2025) · Autism · doi:10.1177/13623613251316014 · Cited by 1
“Research indicates that the experiences of mothers and fathers of autistic children differ (Greenlee et al., 2023; Jones et al., 2013) as do their support needs (Hartley & Schultz, 2015).”
Cherif, F., Bouattour, N., Jbir, R., Guermazi, F., Féki, I., Boudabbous, J., Masmoudi, R., & Masmoudi, J. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-7199865/v1
Empathy in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review
Lemos, D., Brandão, T., & Diniz, E. (2026) · Review Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s40489-025-00536-8
Desquenne, G., de Gaulmyn, A., Doyen, C., Vantalon, V., Ouss, L., Taton, R., Rosier, A., & Cappe, É. (2026) · Pratiques Psychologiques · doi:10.1016/j.prps.2026.06.001
Metadata
- Authors
- Jones, L., Totsika, V., Hastings, R. P., & Petalas, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Bangor University (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Jones, Leah
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2013-01-10
- Volume
- 43
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2090-2098
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- OpenAlex
- W2090116207
- Cited by
- 116
- References
- 64
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 9
- FWCI
- 11.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Family and Disability Support Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, parenting, gender differences, mothers, fathers, parental psychological distress, child behavior problems, family systems, parental well-being, child functioning
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Child, Child Behavior Disorders, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Parents, Sex Characteristics, Stress, Psychological, Parenting
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