Effect of Sanguisorba minor on scopolamine-induced memory loss in rat: Involvement of oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase
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Abstract
Sanguisorba minor (S. minor) has neuroprotective and antioxidant activities. However, its potential benefits in ameliorating learning and memory functions have been explored in no studies up to now. So, in the current study, rats were treated with S. minor hydro-ethanolic extract (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, intraperitoneal (i.p.)) as well as rivastigmine (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) for 21 consecutive days. Thereafter, their behavioral performance was assessed using Morris water maze (MWM) and passive avoidance (PA) tasks. Notably, 30 min before conducting the tasks, scopolamine was injected. Finally, the biochemical assessments were done using the brain tissue. The extract characterization was performed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, which confirmed the presence of quercetin, myricetin, kaempferol, catechin, ellagic acid, and gallic acid derivatives. In the MWM test, the extract reduced both escape latency and the travelled distance, compared to the scopolamine group. Moreover, in the PA test, the latency to enter the dark chamber significantly increased by the extract, compared to the scopolamine group (p < 0.05-p < 0.001). Notably, the beneficial effects of S. minor on cognitive performance of the scopolamine-treated rats appeared to be similar or even better than rivastigmine in behavior performance. Similar to rivastigmine, it was observed that the extract attenuated both AChE activity and oxidative injury in the brain as evidenced by the increased antioxidant enzymes and total thiol content; however, it decreased malondialdehyde level (p < 0.05-p < 0.001). In conclusion, the results suggested the effectiveness of S. minor in preventing cognitive dysfunction induced by scopolamine. Accordingly, these protective effects might be produced by the regulation of cholinergic activity and oxidative stress. S. minor could be considered as a potential alternative therapy in cognition disorders.
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Extracts from Nepeta nuda, Indigofera sessiliflora, Dendropanax morbifera, Pinus densiflora, Dichrocephala integrifolia, Alnus rugosa, Salvia moorcroftiana, and Sanguisorba minor reduced AChE activity and enhanced cognitive function in scopolamine-induced memory impairment models.
“Other studies on plant extracts like Nepeta nuda, Indigofera sessiliflora, Dendropanax morbifera, Pinus densiflora, Dichrocephala integrifolia, Alnus rugosa, Salvia moorcroftiana, and Sanguisorba minor have similarly reported reduced AChE activity and enhanced cognitive function in SCO-induced memory impairment models [40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47].”
From Cholinesterase Inhibitors from Plants and Their Potential in Alzheimer’s Treatment: Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [46]
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- Authors
- Hosseini, Z., Mansouritorghabeh, F., Kakhki, F. S. H., Hosseini, M., Rakhshandeh, H., Hosseini, A., Hasanpour, M., Iranshahi, M., & Rajabian, A.
- Affiliations
- Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (IR)
- Corresponding author
- Rajabian, Arezoo
- ORCID
- Venue
- Metabolic Brain Disease
- Published
- 2022-01-04
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 473-488
- ISSN
- 0885-7490 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7365
- OpenAlex
- W4225920936
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5
- FWCI
- 5.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- doi.org
- Locations
- Metabolic Brain Disease (publishedVersion)
- Research Square (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran (980349)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal Plants and Neuroprotection
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cholinesterase and Neurodegenerative Diseases
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Antioxidants, Aging, Portulaca oleracea
- Keywords
- Sanguisorba minor, cognitive impairment, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, oxidative stress, neuroprotection, antioxidant activity, quercetin, rivastigmine, cholinergic activity, malondialdehyde, thiol content, antioxidant enzymes, learning and memory, plant extracts
- MeSH terms
- Acetylcholinesterase, Animals, Memory Disorders, Plant Extracts, Scopolamine, Oxidative Stress, Maze Learning, Sanguisorba, Rats
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