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Cited by 128Psychometric Methodologies and TestingYouth Development and Social SupportChildren's Rights and Participation

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Development and Validation of the Middle Years Development Instrument (MDI): Assessing Children’s Well-Being and Assets across Multiple Contexts

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Schonert-Reichl, Kimberly A., Guhn, Martin, Gadermann, Anne M., Hymel, Shelley, Sweiss, Lina, Hertzman, Clyde·2013·Social Indicators Research
DOI 10.1007/s11205-012-0149-yPMC PMC3790250
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Abstract

Few instruments provide reliable and valid data on child well-being and contextual assets during middle childhood, using children as informants. The authors developed a population-level, self-report measure of school-aged children's well-being and assets-the Middle Years Development Instrument (MDI)-and examined its reliability and validity. The MDI was designed to assess child well-being inside and outside of school on five dimensions: (1) Social and emotional development, (2) Connectedness to peers and to adults at school, at home, and in the neighborhood, (3) School experiences, (4) Physical health and well-being, and (5) Constructive use of time after school. This paper describes the theoretical framework, selection of items and scales for the survey, and four studies that were conducted to revise the MDI and examine its psychometric properties. The findings indicate a theoretically predicted factor structure, high internal consistency, and document the convergent and discriminant validity of the MDI scales. The discussion delineates a plan for future validation studies that address further validity questions, such as predictive validity, measurement invariance, and fairness/bias, and provides a brief outlook of how the MDI may be used by practitioners, educators, and decision makers in schools and communities to motivate and inform action in support children's well-being.

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Research works printed but not linked: 7

  1. Constantine, N. A., & Benard, B. (2001). California healthy kids survey resilience assessment model: Technical report. Berkeley, CA: Public Health Institute.
  2. Hayden-Thomson, L. K. (1989). The development of the Relational Provisions Loneliness Questionnaire for children. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada.
  3. Marsh, H. W. (1988). Self-Description Questionnaire: A theoretical and empirical basis for the measurement of multiple dimensions of preadolescent self-concept: A test manual and a research monograph. San Antonio, Texas: The Psychological Corporation.
  4. Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2010). Mplus user’s guide (5th ed.). Los Angeles: Muthén and Muthén.
  5. Schonert-Reichl, K. A. (2007). Middle childhood inside and out: The psychological and social world of children ages 9 to 12. Burnaby, BC: United Way of the Lower Mainland.
  6. Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Buote, D., Jaramillo, A., Foulkes, K., Rowcliffe, P., Calbick, J., et al. (2007). Middle childhood inside and out: The psychological and social world of children 9–12. Burnaby, BC: University of British Columbia/United Way of the Lower Mainland.
  7. Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Guhn, M., Hymel, S., Hertzman, C., Sweiss, L., Gadermann, A. M., et al. (2010). Our children’s voices: The Middle Years Development Instrument. Measuring the developmental health and well-being of children in middle childhood. Burnaby, BC: University of British Columbia/United Way of the Lower Mainland.

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Metadata

Authors
Schonert-Reichl, K. A., Guhn, M., Gadermann, A. M., Hymel, S., Sweiss, L., & Hertzman, C.
Affiliations
University of British Columbia (CA)
Corresponding author
Guhn, Martin
ORCID
Venue
Social Indicators Research
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2012-10-02
Volume
114
Issue
2
Pages
345-369
ISSN
  • 0303-8300 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-0921
DOI
10.1007/s11205-012-0149-y
PMC
PMC3790250
OpenAlex
W2171513072
Cited by
121
References
75
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
FWCI
2.97
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by
Locations
  • Social Indicators Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders
Michael Smith Health Research BC
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Youth Development and Social Support
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Children's Rights and Participation
Keywords
child well-being, middle childhood, child self-report, psychometric validation, social-emotional development, peer connection, school experience, physical health, factor structure, measurement invariance

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