Setting the record straight: a rebuttal to an erroneous analysis on transgenic insecticidal crops and natural enemies
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As scientists involved in risk assessment of transgenic insecticidal plants, we are greatly concerned about the publication by Lo ¨vei et al. (2009) implying that insect-protected crops based on the Cry proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis may have substantial negative impacts on non-target organisms.We believe that Lo ¨vei et al. (2009) use inappropriate and unsound methods for risk assessment that have led them to reach conclusions that are in conflict with those of several recent comprehensive reviews and metaanalyses (e.g., O'Callaghan et al. 2005;
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Reported adverse effects of Bt proteins or Bt plant material on non-target species in laboratory studies appeared to be linked to natural enemies being provided with sublethally affected hosts or prey.
“Putative adverse effects of Bt proteins or Bt plant material on non-target species have been reported in a review of laboratory studies [64], but such effects appeared to be linked to natural enemies being provided with sublethally affected hosts or prey [65].”
From Does the growing of Bt maize change abundance or ecological function of non-target animals compared to the growing of non-GM maize? A systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as [65]
Ignorance of prey/host-quality effects has led to erroneous claims that lepidopteran-active Cry proteins cause direct toxic effects on natural enemies.
“Ignorance of prey/host-quality effects has led to erroneous claims that lepidopteran-active Cry proteins cause direct toxic effects on natural enemies (see Shelton et al., 2009 for detailed discussion).”
From Genetically engineered crops help support conservation biological control (2019) · cites this paper as Shelton et al., 2009
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RetractedMeissle, M., Naranjo, S. E., & Romeis, J. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20004740
Self-citationMeissle, M., Naranjo, S. E., & Romeis, J. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20004737
Self-citationMeissle, M., Naranjo, S. E., & Romeis, J. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20004743
Self-citationMeissle, M., Naranjo, S. E., & Romeis, J. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20004734
Self-citationMeissle, M., Naranjo, S. E., & Romeis, J. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20004752
Self-citation
- Authors
- Shelton, A. M., Naranjo, S. E., Romeis, J., Hellmich, R. L., Wolt, J. D., Federici, B. A., Albajes, R., Bigler, F., Burgess, E. P. J., Dively, G. P., Gatehouse, A. M. R., Malone, L. A., Roush, R., Sears, M., & Sehnal, F.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Agricultural Research Service (US)
- Agroscope (CH)
- Iowa State University (US)
- University of California, Riverside (US)
- Universitat de Lleida (ES)
- Plant & Food Research (NZ)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Newcastle University (GB)
- The University of Melbourne (AU)
- University of Guelph (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Romeis, Jörg
- ORCID
- Venue
- Transgenic Research
- Published
- 2009-04-09
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 317-322
- ISSN
- 0962-8819 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-9368
- OpenAlex
- W2106758196
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2022: 9 · 2020: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 15.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Transgenic Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Iowa State University Digital Repository (Iowa State University) (submittedVersion)
- ResearchSpace (University of Auckland) (submittedVersion)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetically Modified Organisms Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Keywords
- natural enemies, non-target organisms, risk assessment, meta-analysis critique
- MeSH terms
- Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins, Animals, Arthropods, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bacterial Proteins, Ecology, Endotoxins, Hemolysin Proteins, Pest Control, Biological, Crops, Agricultural, Plants, Genetically Modified
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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