Transgenic Insecticidal Crops and Natural Enemies: A Detailed Review of Laboratory Studies

Lövei, Gabor L.; Andow, David A.; Arpaia, Salvatore

doi:10.1603/022.038.0201

Cited by 166Genetically Modified Organisms ResearchInsect Resistance and GeneticsInsect-Plant Interactions and Control

Transgenic Insecticidal Crops and Natural Enemies: A Detailed Review of Laboratory Studies

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Lövei, Gabor L., Andow, David A., Arpaia, Salvatore·2009·Environmental Entomology

DOI 10.1603/022.038.0201

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Abstract

This review uses a data-driven, quantitative method to summarize the published, peer-reviewed literature about the impact of genetically modified (GM) plants on arthropod natural enemies in laboratory experiments. The method is similar to meta-analysis, and, in contrast to a simple author-vote counting method used by several earlier reviews, gives an objective, data-driven summary of existing knowledge about these effects. Significantly more non-neutral responses were observed than expected at random in 75% of the comparisons of natural enemy groups and response classes. These observations indicate that Cry toxins and proteinase inhibitors often have non-neutral effects on natural enemies. This synthesis identifies a continued bias toward studies on a few predator species, especially the green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea Stephens, which may be more sensitive to GM insecticidal plants (16.8% of the quantified parameter responses were significantly negative) than predators in general (10.9% significantly negative effects without C. carnea). Parasitoids were more susceptible than predators to the effects of both Cry toxins and proteinase inhibitors, with fewer positive effects (18.0%, significant and nonsignificant positive effects combined) than negative ones (66.1%, significant and nonsignificant negative effects combined). GM plants can have a positive effect on natural enemies (4.8% of responses were significantly positive), although significant negative (21.2%) effects were more common. Although there are data on 48 natural enemy species, the database is still far from adequate to predict the effect of a Bt toxin or proteinase inhibitor on natural enemies.

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Reported adverse effects of Bt proteins or Bt plant material on non-target species in laboratory studies appeared to be linked to natural enemies being provided with sublethally affected hosts or prey.
“Putative adverse effects of Bt proteins or Bt plant material on non-target species have been reported in a review of laboratory studies [64], but such effects appeared to be linked to natural enemies being provided with sublethally affected hosts or prey [65].”
From Does the growing of Bt maize change abundance or ecological function of non-target animals compared to the growing of non-GM maize? A systematic review (2022) · cites this paper as [64]

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Effects of Snowdrop Lectin (Galanthus nivalis Agglutinin) Expressed in Transgenic Sugarcane on Fitness of Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a Parasitoid of the Nontarget Pest Diatraea saccharalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
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Assessing Nontarget Impacts ofBtCorn Resistant to Corn Rootworms: Tier-1 Testing with Larvae ofPoecilus chalcites(Coleoptera: Carabidae)
Duan, J. J., Paradise, M. S., Lundgren, J. G., Bookout, J. T., Jiang, C., & Wiedenmann, R. N. (2006) · Environmental Entomology · doi:10.1603/0046-225x-35.1.135 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
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Prey-mediated effects of the protease inhibitor aprotinin on the predatory carabid beetle Nebria brevicollis
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Oral toxicity and impact on fecundity of three insecticidal proteins on the gregarious ectoparasitoid Eulophus pennicornis (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)
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The effects of six species of aphids on some life history parameters of the ladybird Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
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Effect of Pollen of Regular Cotton and Transgenic Bt+CpTI Cotton on the Survival and Reproduction of the Parasitoid Wasp Trichogramma chilonis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in the Laboratory
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Impacts of Transgenic Sugarcane Expressing Gna Lectin on Parasitism of Mexican Rice Borer byParallorhogas pyralophagus(Marsh) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)
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An overview of the last 10 years of genetically engineered crop safety research
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“Putative adverse effects of Bt proteins or Bt plant material on non-target species have been reported in a review of laboratory studies [64], but such effects appeared to be linked to natural enemies being provided with sublethally affected hosts or prey [65].”
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Authors: Lövei, G. L., Andow, D. A., & Arpaia, S.
Affiliations: University of Minnesota (US)
National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (IT)
ORCID: Andow, David A.
Arpaia, Salvatore
Venue: Environmental Entomology
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2009-04-01
Volume: 38
Issue: 2
Pages: 293-306
ISSN: 0046-225X (ISSN-L)
1938-2936
DOI: 10.1603/022.038.0201
OpenAlex: W2128125070
Cited by: 166
References: 103
Citations by year: 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 25
FWCI: 2.02
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by-nc
Locations: Environmental Entomology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
BioOne Complete (BioOne) (acceptedVersion)
INFM-OAR (INFN Catania) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Genetically Modified Organisms Research
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Insect Resistance and Genetics
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Insect Science › Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
Keywords: genetically modified crops, arthropod natural enemies, delta-endotoxin, protease inhibitors, parasitoids, predators, Chrysoperla carnea, green lacewings, non-target effects, laboratory experiments
MeSH terms: Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins, Animals, Arthropods, Bacterial Proteins, Endotoxins, Hemolysin Proteins, Insect Control, Insecticides, Larva, Species Specificity, Databases, Factual, Crops, Agricultural, Plants, Genetically Modified

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Transgenic Insecticidal Crops and Natural Enemies: A Detailed Review of Laboratory Studies

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