Cited by 380Innovative Teaching and Learning MethodsVisual and Cognitive Learning ProcessesIntelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning

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Why is externally-facilitated regulated learning more effective than self-regulated learning with hypermedia?

Azevedo, Roger, Moos, Daniel C., Greene, Jeffrey A., Winters, Fielding I., Cromley, Jennifer G.·2008·Educational Technology Research and Development

DOI 10.1007/s11423-007-9067-0

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Azevedo, R. (in press). The role of self-regulation in learning about science with hypermedia. In D. Robinson & G. Schraw (Eds.), Current perspectives on cognition, learning, and instruction.
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How do higher education students regulate their learning with video modeling examples, worked examples, and practice problems?
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“Azevedo et al. (2008) compared two conditions in which students had either an external human tutor facilitating their SRL or students regulating themselves.”
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“…of learners’ SRL in an online learning environment has been much emphasized due to the autonomous nature of online learning and the lack of ongoing and interactive support that instructors in face-to-face learning environments can easily provide (Azevedo et al., 2008; Dabbagh & Kitsantas, 2004).”
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“Learners often need substantial assistance to develop SRL proficiency (Azevedo et al., 2008; Bjork et al., 2013; Devolder et al., 2012; Dignath & Büttner, 2008; Lee et al., 2010; Nicol & Macfarlane-Dick, 2006; van Meeuwen et al., 2018).”
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“…to assume greater responsibility for their learning, as they have fewer external regulations due to the physical absence of the teacher and greater flexibility in terms of time and place to learn (Azevedo et al., 2008; Broadbent & Poon, 2015; Pelikan et al., 2021; Schunk & Zimmerman, 1998).”
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“In these type of innovative learning environments, it was found out that metacognitive scaffolding enhances students’ learning outcomes [19].”
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Teacher- and student-related factors supporting primary school students' self-regulated learning
Matulaitienė, J., Kaminskienè, L., Monkevičienė, O., & Lehtinen, E. (2025) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2025.1503867 · Cited by 8
A Professional Development Program That Combines Direct with Indirect Promotion of Self-Regulated Learning for Secondary School Teachers
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“…in guiding students towards developing SRL by teaching appropriate learning strategies and by designing a learning environment that encourages student independence and cognitive engagement (Azevedo et al., 2008; Hattie, 2011; Paris & Paris, 2001; Perry, 1998; Perry & Rahim, 2011; Veenman, 2017).”
Padrões de navegação em um sistema hipermídia de mecânica básica
Rezende, F., Sousa, J. J. F. D., & Barros, S. D. S. (2012) · Caderno Brasileiro de Ensino de Física · doi:10.5007/2175-7941.2012v29nesp1p361 · Cited by 3
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Enhance Students’ Computing Skills via Web-Mediated Self-Regulated Learning with Feedback in Blended Environment
Lee, T.-H., Shen, P., & Tsai, C. (2011) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-61350-465-9.ch010 · Cited by 3
The Influence of External-Regulation on Student Generated Questions during Hypermedia Learning
Sullins, J., Azevedo, R., Trousdale, A., & Scott, J. (2007) · Cited by 3
Self-citation
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Bonestroo, W. J., & de Jong, T. (2012) · Educational Studies · doi:10.1080/03055698.2012.659176 · Cited by 3
“( 2008 ) provided learners with a human tutor, and found that learners performed significantly more planning activities when they were supported by the tutor.”
Background
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van Deurzen, K., Horváth, I., & Vroom, R. W. (2013) · doi:10.1115/detc2013-13077 · Cited by 3
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Butler, T. (2024) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/5q8vg · Cited by 3
Revisión sistemática sobre estudios de autorregulación del aprendizaje en programas educativos apoyados con tecnología
Nacional, U. P., Castillo, A. C., Ramírez, R. B., & Nacional, U. P. (2023) · Revista Mexicana de Investigación en Psicología · doi:10.32870/rmip.v15i1.610 · Cited by 2
The Role of Self-Regulated Learning About Science with Hypermedia
Azevedo, R. (2008) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-60752-942-220251007 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Exploring young learners’ prompted and unprompted SRL think-alouds
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Perfil autodirigido y procrastinación en estudiantes de educación en línea
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Analyzing funding patterns in science education research: Establishing a baseline for improved monitoring of research to advance science education
Taylor, J. A., Kowalski, S. M., Askinas, K. M., & Watson, K. A. (2023) · Social Sciences & Humanities Open · doi:10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100445 · Cited by 2
Intervenção em estratégias de aprendizagem: Uma proposta de formação de professores em serviço
dos Santos, D. A., & Alliprandini, P. M. Z. (2024) · Revista Portuguesa de Educação · doi:10.21814/rpe.31405 · Cited by 2
Birds of a Feather Self-Regulate Together: The Intersection of Peer Networks and Self-Regulated Learning in Biomedical Engineering
Luo, L., Tise, J. C., Patterson, M. S., Alge, D. L., & Hernandez, P. R. (2025) · Biomedical Engineering Education · doi:10.1007/s43683-025-00170-0 · Cited by 2
“Therefore, social contextual factors such as parental involvement [57–59], teachers’ support and instructions [60–62], and peer interactions [63, 64] can also promote SRL.”
Effects of teachers’ explicit instruction on self-regulated learning in elementary school mathematics classes
Lee, M., Hong, J. K., Son, J.-I., & Jang, Y. (2025) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2025.102423 · Cited by 3
The Effect of Dynamic Computerized Scaffolding on Collaborative Discourse
Molenaar, I., van Boxtel, C., & Sleegers, P. J. C. (2011) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-23985-4_39 · Cited by 2
The relationship between secondary school students mathematics anxiety and self-regulation
İşleyen, T. (2015) · Educational Research and Reviews · doi:10.5897/err2014.1896 · Cited by 2
Certifying Celebrity in the School Library: Self-Regulated Learning in Practice
Spruce, R., & Garrison, K. (2016) · School Libraries Worldwide · doi:10.29173/slw6906 · Cited by 2
Contextualizing Inferred Programming Difficulties
Carter, J., & Dewan, P. (2018) · Cited by 2
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(2013) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9780203075227-54 · Cited by 2
Selbstreguliertes Lernen und (technologiebasierte) Bildungsmedien
Perels, F., & Dörrenbächer‐Ulrich, L. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-54373-3_5-1 · Cited by 2
Promoting Students' Motivation and Use of SRL Strategies in Online Mathematics Learning
Gu, P. (2017) · KU ScholarWorks (The University of Kansas) · Cited by 2
Relationship between Monitoring and Utterance in Peer Tutoring
Shinogaya, K. (2020) · The Japanese journal of psychology · doi:10.4992/jjpsy.91.19212 · Cited by 1
“…て使用する項目は各因子 3項目とし，自他差異と活動参加については予備調査で高い因子負荷を示した項目を選定して使用した。項目にはいずれも 1（まったくあてはまらない）から 5（とてもよくあてはまる）までの 5件法で回答を求めた。倫理的配慮教えあいは授業の一環として行われたため，すべての受講生が参加した。その上で，質問紙を実施する際には，本調査の目的（教えあいの中で学習者が何に注意を払っているか，どのようなことを話しているかを調べること）を説明し，回答は任意であり，調査の主旨に同意しない場合は回答を拒否できること，回答の…”
Autorregulación y metacognición en el aprendizaje: un modelo de integración funcional
Bernal, J. M. (2019) · Desarrollo Profesoral Universitario · doi:10.26852/2357593x.188 · Cited by 2

Authors: Azevedo, R., Moos, D. C., Greene, J. A., Winters, F. I., & Cromley, J. G.
Affiliations: University of Memphis (US)
Gustavus Adolphus College (US)
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
University of Maryland, College Park (US)
Temple University (US)
Corresponding author: Azevedo, Roger
ORCID: Azevedo, Roger
Moos, Daniel C.
Greene, Jeffrey A.
Cromley, Jennifer G.
Venue: Educational Technology Research and Development
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2007-09-29
Volume: 56
Issue: 1
Pages: 45-72
ISSN: 1042-1629 (ISSN-L)
1556-6501
DOI: 10.1007/s11423-007-9067-0
OpenAlex: W2093529413
Semantic Scholar: c30f1553e28353e3e04210696da6d59b16a685e9
Cited by: 380
References: 65
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 27 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 27 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 21
FWCI: 27.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Educational Technology Research and Development (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Visual and Cognitive Learning Processes
Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning
Keywords: student self-regulation, hypermedia learning, cardiovascular system, adolescents, declarative knowledge, mental models, learning strategies, adaptive help-seeking, prior knowledge activation, science learning

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