Cited by 58Fatty Acid Research and HealthCardiovascular Health and Disease PreventionNutritional Studies and Diet

Unsaturated Fatty Acids Improve Atherosclerosis Markers in Obese and Overweight Non-diabetic Elderly Patients

de Oliveira, Patrícia Amante, Kovacs, Cristiane, Moreira, Priscila, Magnoni, Daniel, Saleh, Mohamed Hassan, Faintuch, Joel·2017·Obesity Surgery

Abstract

Background Several studies have demonstrated the benefits of replacing trans and saturated fats with unsaturated fatty acids on cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to demonstrate the effect of polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat supplementation on the biochemical and endothelial markers of atherosclerotic disease in obese or overweight non-diabetic elderly patients.Method Seventy-nine patients were randomly divided into three groups: flaxseed oil, olive oil, and sunflower oil; patients in each group received 30 mL of oil for 90 days. Patients were subjected to anthropometric and bioimpedance assessments; biochemical and endothelial evaluations were performed through ultrasonography of the brachial artery and carotid artery for endothelium-dependent dilation and intima-media thickness assessment, respectively, before and after the intervention. The participants' usual diet remained unchanged.Results The flaxseed oil group had improved ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein levels (p = 0.074) and reduced carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) (p = 0.028); the olive oil group exhibited an improved apolipoprotein (Apo)B/ApoA ratio (p = 0.021), reduced CIMT (p = 0.028), and improved flow-mediated vasodilation (FMV) (p = 0.054); and similarly, the sunflower oil group showed an improved ApoB/ApoA ratio (p = 0.024), reduced CIMT (p = 0.048), and improved FMV (p = 0.001).Conclusion Unsaturated fatty acid supplementation using the three vegetable oils attenuated pro-inflammatory properties and improved prothrombotic conditions. Therefore, introducing or replacing saturated and trans fat with unsaturated fatty acids is beneficial for cardiovascular risk reduction in obese or overweight non-diabetic elderly people. Further studies are needed to determine which unsaturated fat best prevents cardiovascular disease in elderly patients.

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Crossref · 10.1007/s11695-017-2704-8

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Authors
de Oliveira, P. A., Kovacs, C., Moreira, P., Magnoni, D., Saleh, M. H., & Faintuch, J.
Affiliations
  • Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia (BR)
  • Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
Venue
Obesity Surgery
Published
2017-05-03
Volume
27
Issue
10
Pages
2663-2671
ISSN
  • 0960-8923 (ISSN-L)
  • 1708-0428
OpenAlex
W2610809784
Cited by
58
References
50
Citations by year
2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1
FWCI
4.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Obesity Surgery (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords
unsaturated fatty acids, atherosclerosis
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cardiovascular Diseases, Dietary Fats, Unsaturated, Double-Blind Method, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Plant Oils, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Dietary Supplements, Overweight, Atherosclerosis, Carotid Intima-Media Thickness

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