Public Health Approaches to Type 2 Diabetes Prevention: the US National Diabetes Prevention Program and Beyond
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article highlights foundational evidence, translation studies, and current research behind type 2 diabetes prevention efforts worldwide, with focus on high-risk populations, and whole-population approaches as catalysts to global prevention. RECENT FINDINGS: Continued focus on the goals of foundational lifestyle change program trials and their global translations, and the targeting of those at highest risk through both in-person and virtual modes of program delivery, is critical. Whole-population approaches (e.g., socioeconomic policies, healthy food promotion, environmental/systems changes) and awareness raising are essential complements to efforts aimed at high-risk populations. Successful type 2 diabetes prevention strategies are being realized in the USA through the National Diabetes Prevention Program and elsewhere in the world. A multi-tiered approach involving appropriate risk targeting and whole-population efforts is essential to curb the global diabetes epidemic.
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Population reach increased from about 35,000 eligible participants as of 2016 to over 324,000 by early 2019.
“In turn, population reach has been fast increasing from about 35,000 eligible participants served as of 20163 to over 324,000 by early 2019.10”
From <p>Current Perspectives on the Impact of the National Diabetes Prevention Program: Building on Successes and Overcoming Challenges</p> (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
The “Analysis Sample” section reports that more than 297,000 people attended at least one National DPP session through January 2019, supporting substantial reach by early 2019. It does not establish the cited figure of over 324,000. The 2016 figure has a separate citation in the citing sentence and is not assessed against this source. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredNearly three-quarters of participants (71.7%) do not achieve the ≥5% weight loss goal according to a CDC report.
“Nearly three-quarters of participants (71.7%) do not achieve the ≥5% weight loss goal according to a CDC report.10”
From <p>Current Perspectives on the Impact of the National Diabetes Prevention Program: Building on Successes and Overcoming Challenges</p> (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
Table 1 in the Results reports that 68.6% of the analyzed National DPP participants lost less than 5% of their weight. This supports the point that most did not meet the goal, but not the attributed figure of 71.7%. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredMen and younger individuals are under-represented in the NDPP; only 24.7% of NDPP participants were men in a 2019 CDC report.
“A challenge is that men and younger individuals are under-represented in the NDPP, and additional participation gaps exist for priority populations.”
From <p>Current Perspectives on the Impact of the National Diabetes Prevention Program: Building on Successes and Overcoming Challenges</p> (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
Online delivery exceeds the reach of in-person NDPP programs.
“Indeed, despite fewer online than in-person NDPP suppliers7 and later approval for dissemination, online delivery exceeds the reach of in-person programs.10”
From <p>Current Perspectives on the Impact of the National Diabetes Prevention Program: Building on Successes and Overcoming Challenges</p> (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
Over 3000 organizations provided the NDPP between 2012 and 2019.
“Over 3000 organizations provided the NDPP between 2012–2019,10”
From <p>Current Perspectives on the Impact of the National Diabetes Prevention Program: Building on Successes and Overcoming Challenges</p> (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
Approximately half of organizations that provided the NDPP between 2012 and 2019 remained in 2020.
“Half of suppliers who previously offered the NDPP appear to have since extinguished their services.”
From <p>Current Perspectives on the Impact of the National Diabetes Prevention Program: Building on Successes and Overcoming Challenges</p> (2020) · cites this paper as [10]
The US National DPP—a Case Study reports more than 3,000 participating organizations as of April 2019, but gives no count of organizations that later stopped offering the program. A search for organization attrition and discontinued services found no passage supporting the claim that half had ceased by 2020. (LLM, conf=0.77)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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Cites
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- Authors
- Gruss, S. M., Nhim, K., Gregg, E., Bell, M., Luman, E., & Albright, A.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Gruss, Stephanie M.
- Venue
- Current Diabetes Reports
- Published
- 2019-08-05
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 78-78
- ISSN
- 1534-4827 (ISSN-L)
- 1539-0829
- PMC
- PMC6682852
- OpenAlex
- W2966350165
- Cited by
- 179
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 2.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2020-06-27)
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Current Diabetes Reports (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- type 2 diabetes prevention, National Diabetes Prevention Program, lifestyle intervention, vulnerable populations, socio-economic policy, healthy eating promotion, diabetes epidemic
- MeSH terms
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Health Promotion, Humans, Life Style, Preventive Health Services, Public Health, Risk Factors, United States
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