The DOI matches its Crossref record; 72 of the 72 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 30 of the 122 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory.
Open accessAbstract
We propose an adaptation of Urie Bronfenbrenner's bioecological theory, neo-ecological theory...
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Claims the paper makes
98 Own interpretation · 34 No full text of the sources · 33 Sources not found · 18 Supported · 10 No basis given · 9 Partly supported · 9 Not checked yet · 2 Supported so far · 1 Couldn’t confirm · accuracy not yet measured
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Computing has become ambient, such that the boundaries between what is or what is not technology is no longer readily apparent (Plowman, 2019).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Plowman, 2019 source
In “When the technology disappears” (section labelled Abstract; no page given), Plowman describes a present transition to ambient computing in which the boundary between digital and physical worlds—and between what is or is not a computer—disappears. That supports the citing sentence’s paraphrase. (LLM, conf=0.91)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“The asychnronicity of virtual microsystems can create more opportunities for adolescents to engage on their terms (Granic et al., 2020).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Granic et al., 2020 source
In “Time and Space to Grapple with Paradoxes and Contradictions” (p. 15), the paper says digital platforms give adolescents time and space to explore what benefits them, letting them linger and choose activities without ordinary social or time constraints. The same section (p. 16) describes online personal narratives as free of time or space constraints. Together, these support the paraphrase that virtual spaces can let adolescents engage on their own terms. (LLM, conf=0.88)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Availability is a key affordance when considering proximal processes occurring in virtual microsystems, as it allows people to connect with others who may otherwise be unavailable to them (boyd, 2010; Nesi et al., 2018a).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites boyd, 2010
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Supportedcites Nesi et al., 2018a source
In “Features of the Social Media Context > Availability” (page not provided), the paper defines availability as removing physical and other barriers to communication. In “New Opportunities: Compensatory Friendship Behaviors,” it says availability lets adolescents connect with people they might otherwise have found prohibitively difficult to reach offline. The virtual-microsystems and proximal-processes language is the citing authors’ framing, not a claim that this source uses those terms. (LLM, conf=0.91)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Not matched
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Nonetheless, this feature is more pronounced in virtual microsystems, although the degree of asychnronicity varies depending on the digital platform (Nesi et al., 2018a).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Nesi et al., 2018a source
The “Asynchronicity” section contrasts social-media communication with face-to-face interaction and says social-media tools vary in their degree of asynchronicity. It notes that video communication is nearly as synchronous as in-person interaction, while e-mail is highly asynchronous, consistent with the claim’s qualification that the degree varies by platform. Page numbers were not provided in the passages. (LLM, conf=0.90)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“These iterations were developed across three distinct phases: (a) 1973-1979, (b) 1983-1993, and (c) 1993-2006 (Rosa & Tudge, 2013).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Rosa & Tudge, 2013 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Abstract and phase headings identify three phases, with Phase 1 spanning 1973–1979 and Phase 3 spanning 1993–2006. But they date Phase 2 to 1980–1993, not 1983–1993. (LLM, conf=0.93)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“However, the permanence of digital platforms can confer benefits as well; reminiscing and nostalgia are encouraged by looking back over photographs, videos, and interactions from the past, and may assist youth in developing their narrative identity (Granic et al., 2020).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Granic et al., 2020 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Coherence section (p. 12) describes Facebook resurfacing old photos and videos and proposes modifying that feature to help youth form a coherent self-narrative. It does not say that nostalgia is encouraged or that the current permanence of digital posts itself benefits narrative identity; the proposed benefit depends on adding prompts for reflection. (LLM, conf=0.86)
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“The ramifications of the digital divide were amplified during the COVID-19 pandemic, as youth with limited access to digital devices and high-speed broadband were further disenfranchised when schooling went online (Beaunoyer et al., 2020).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Beaunoyer et al., 2020 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
In “How COVID-19 potentiates digital inequalities” (page unavailable), the paper says the pandemic worsened disparities in access to devices and fast Internet connections, including for learning. It also calls digital access essential to education during COVID-19, but does not specifically say that youth were further disenfranchised when schooling moved online. (LLM, conf=0.86)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Nesi et al. (2018a) elucidated cue absence as a transformative feature of social media contexts.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Nesi et al., 2018a source
In “Features of the Social Media Context > Cue Absence,” Nesi et al. explicitly characterize social media functions by their degree of cue absence. The “Altered Quality of Communication Processes” section explains how cue absence can change communication, supporting its description as a transformative feature. (LLM, conf=0.94)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“this feature presents a striking contrast to physical microsystems, given that content (including photos and videos) can be shared verbatim instantly across wide distances (Nesi et al., 2018a).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Nesi et al., 2018a source
The Permanence section describes content being copied through screenshots and identifies the ability to replicate it. The Availability section says content can be shared quickly regardless of physical location and contrasts social-media communication with in-person interaction. These passages support the substance of the paraphrase; the copy does not provide page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.87)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“In addition to social isolation, health information about COVID prevention, testing, and vaccines was primarily transmitted through digital media, making lower socioeconomic and rural youth more vulnerable to the virus itself (Beaunoyer et al., 2020).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites Beaunoyer et al., 2020 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
In “Vulnerability to the virus itself” (page unavailable), the paper says official agencies mainly used digital spaces to communicate protective measures and that rural residents can be difficult to reach, increasing vulnerability to infection. It does not establish that information about testing or vaccines was mainly delivered digitally, or specifically identify lower-socioeconomic and rural youth as the affected group. (LLM, conf=0.88)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
- It may state two separate claims as one. 56
- Probably not a substantial claim. 87
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Bronfenbrenner’s theory, being fully developed by the turn of the century (Rosa & Tudge, 2013), did not consider the impact of developing in the digital age.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Rosa & Tudge, 2013 source
The Discussion describes the third phase as the theory’s mature form and says Bronfenbrenner dated the start of its final version to 1998. That supports the cited clause that the theory was developed by the turn of the century. The sentence’s separate conclusion about the digital age is not attributed to Rosa and Tudge by the citation. (LLM, conf=0.86)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Their “transformation framework” identifies key features and affordances of social media platforms that alter peer interactions and relationships in adolescence.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Nesi et al., 2018a source
The 'Toward a Transformation Framework' section identifies seven features of social media and says the framework models how those features reshape adolescent peer relations, including friendship, peer status, influence, and victimization. This directly supports the citing sentence. (LLM, conf=0.94)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“They proposed moving beyond how much time is spent online (i.e., screen time) to look at how and why digital interactions and activities impact identity development.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Granic et al., 2020 source
In Research on Screen Time (p. 5), the authors argue that screen time is too broad a measure and call for examining the functions and features of digital media in relation to identity development. The Conclusion (p. 22) describes their proposed research agenda as going far beyond screen time. (LLM, conf=0.94)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Granic et al. proposed that by focusing on identity-formation processes, researchers “…can help pinpoint the digital experiences that will contribute to both healthy normative development as well as the emergence of serious mental health concerns” (p. 196).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Granic et al., 2020 source
The introductory statement (p. 2) says that understanding adolescent identity-development processes can help pinpoint digital experiences contributing to both healthy normative development and serious mental health concerns. This directly matches the attributed proposal. (LLM, conf=0.95)
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“In virtual microsystems, group interactions are not limited to a geographical location and individuals can communicate and interact with a much wider audience (Nesi et al., 2018a).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Nesi et al., 2018a source
The Availability section says social media communication is independent of physical location and removes distance-related barriers. The Publicness section says adolescents can communicate with audiences much larger than would be possible offline; neither passage has a page number in the supplied copy. (LLM, conf=0.93)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Nesi et al. (2018a, 2018b) challenged preconceptions that online interactions mirror offline ones and proposed that “the social media context transforms adolescents’ peer experiences” (Nesi et al., 2018a, p. 268).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Nesi et al., 2018a source
The Introduction to the Transformation Framework explicitly says the authors depart from a view in which online peer experiences mirror offline ones and posit that the social media context transforms adolescents’ peer experiences. The cited wording appears in that passage. (LLM, conf=0.95)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Supported
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“In addition to audiovisual clues, identity is also a cue in interpersonal interactions (Nesi et al., 2018a), ranging from interactions with known persons, to source anonymity (i.e., personal identity is totally obscured; Valkenburg & Peter, 2011).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Nesi et al., 2018a source
In “Features of the Social Media Context > Cue Absence” (page not provided), the paper treats identifying information as an interpersonal cue. It describes social media interactions with known others and a range of cue absence extending to complete anonymity, supporting the point attributed to Nesi et al. (LLM, conf=0.91)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Valkenburg & Peter, 2011 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Recent research suggests that the digital divide may not be as relevant to adolescents as to other populations (e.g., older adults), as access to smartphones is high across class groups (George et al., 2020).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites George et al., 2020 sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Discussion (page not provided) says traditional gaps in access to the Internet and mobile phones have narrowed or disappeared among US adolescents, and the Results report similar mobile-phone ownership across economic groups. The paper does not compare adolescents with older adults or other populations, and it cautions that inequalities in online experiences may be emerging. (LLM, conf=0.85)
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“In virtual microsystems, content (text, images, video, or audio) can be copied exactly as it was originally expressed. Termed replicability (boyd, 2008), this feature presents a striking contrast to physical microsystems, given that content (including photos and videos) can be shared verbatim instantly across wide distances (Nesi et al., 2018a).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites boyd, 2008
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Supportedcites Nesi et al., 2018a source
In “Permanence,” the paper says social-media content can be captured and copied and identifies this capacity as “replicability.” In “Availability,” it describes rapid sharing regardless of physical location, contrasting social-media communication with in-person interaction. The cited passages do not provide page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.90)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
The cited sources that could be checked couldn’t confirm or dispute this claim.
In the paper
“Youth are often the experts when it comes to information technology, and this can upend traditional hierarchies in homes and schools—providing opportunities for parents and teachers to learn from adolescents and further support their development as agentic and capable individuals (Barron et al., 2009; Bond, 2014; Nesi et al., 2018a).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Barron et al., 2009 source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Bond, 2014 source
- Could not verifycites Nesi et al., 2018a sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 0 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 2 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Instead of simple frequency counts on different devices and application, what we need to examine is how the function of digital media relates to mental health”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Granic et al. (2020) source
The Research on Screen Time section (p. 5) states the claim directly: rather than counting use across devices and applications, researchers should examine how the function of digital media relates to mental health. (LLM, conf=0.95)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“The internet is cultural because it is shared, norms are developed, and these norms are transmitted to new generations of users, even as the new users, greater access, and technological innovation create new norms”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
What the sources say
- Supportedcites Greenfield and Yan (2006) source
The paper states this claim directly in its discussion of the Internet as a cultural tool (p. 2). It says the Internet is shared, its norms are transmitted to new generations of users, and new users, greater access, and technological innovation create new norms. (LLM, conf=0.95)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Building upon bioecological theory, this paper proposes an innovative conceptual lens for understanding development in the digital age: neo-ecological theory.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We delineate a key alteration to the microsystem, namely the existence of two types of microsystems—physical and virtual.”
- Also stated in: § Context · plain
“There exist two types of microsystems: virtual and physical.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Also stated in: § Context · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Further, although the focus of this paper is primarily on youth, the influence of technology on human development arguably spans the life course.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“we believe that all scholars of development, regardless of their specific research interests, should consider the ways digital contexts influence their outcomes of interest.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The implications of these modifications cascade across the Process-Person-Context-Time (PPCT) model; proximal processes, person characteristics, context, and time are all reexamined.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In addition, we emphasize the importance of macrosystemic influences (i.e., the influences of culture and within-society subcultural variation) in understanding development in the digital age.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As bioecological theory was developed in the 20th century, it requires significant modifications to reflect some of the most ubiquitous contexts in which adolescents learn, play, and grow—the technological and virtual ones.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In developing neo-ecological theory, we hold true to the tenets of bioecological theory, but suggest key modifications to reflect our technologized world.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“clearly defining these terms and constructs is necessary to advance scholarship in this area of research.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This point is relevant to our adaptation of bioecological theory because of the unprecedented (and rapidly evolving) cultural and historical era in which today’s young people are developing.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Other scholars (e.g., Johnson & Puplampu, 2008; Plowman, 2016; Wang et al., 2010) have chafed at this limitation and attempted to find ways to explain the complexity digital technology adds to the microsystem—namely that many of the interactions and activities in which youth currently engage are not occurring face-to-face.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“these scholars described virtual contexts as “cultural spaces, where norms are created, shared and passed on to other users. Online culture is not static, but is a cyclical dynamic entity, and users are constantly generating and passing on new norms” (Subrahmanyam & Smahel, 2010, p. 34).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Subrahmanyam & Smahel, 2010
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“In the third phase, bioecological theory added a fundamental concept—proximal processes—termed “the engines of development” (Bronfenbrenner & Evans, 2000, p. 118)”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Bronfenbrenner & Evans, 2000 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“Plowman (2016) discussed the ways in which technological interactions can reach beyond the microsystem and argued that the “concepts of context influenced by Bronfenbrenner imply boundaries that may no longer exist” (p. 194).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Plowman, 2016 source
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“As such, though an individual’s “…attitudes and opinions may change over time, prior expressions of these attitudes and opinions that are expressed over social media still exist” (McFarland & Ployhart, 2015, p. 1659).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites McFarland & Ployhart, 2015 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The relevance of availability to child development cannot be understated; it is central to the lives of young people in the digital age.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We argue that without acknowledgement and incorporation of these influences on development, developmental science will again become “the science of children in strange situations.””
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Subrahmanyam and Šmahel proposed the co-construction model of adolescents’ online behavior. This model centers on adolescents as the agentic co-creators of their own virtual environments.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Subrahmanyam & Smahel, 2010
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Bronfenbrenner and Morris (2006) elaborated on the synergistic and dynamic nature of the theory: “The combination of Person and Context exhibit a mutually reinforcing, multiplicative, indirect effect on the power of proximal processes as the engines of development” (p. 801).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Permanence plays out differently depending on the digital platform and presents both opportunities and risks to development.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“They proposed the “techno-subsystem, a dimension of the microsystem,” which includes “child interaction[s] with both living and nonliving elements of communication, information, and recreation technologies in immediate or direct environments” (p. 5).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Johnson & Puplampu, 2008 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Comments on social media platforms, websites, and blogs can remain indefinitely, and although some can be removed by the individual, others cannot, depending on who posted them and the affordances of the platform.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Regardless of the synchronicity of the initial interaction or activity, their content can be accessed for an indefinite period of time.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As a result, how individuals imagine their ‘audience’ impacts their self-presentation (i.e., demand characteristics) in virtual microsystems.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plaindirect- Asserted: fails — The authors may not put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The authors may not put it forward as true. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Our concern with this portrayal (see Tudge, 2008; Tudge et al., 2009, 2016) should not be treated as signifying that context was not an important part of his model. It is a very important part, especially in exploring how the spatial and temporal freedoms of the digital era impact development.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Tudge, 2008 source
- Not matchedcites Tudge et al., 2009, 2016
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“In our view, virtual interactions and activities are occurring in contexts unforeseen by Bronfenbrenner—in bits of data travelling at the speed of light—and his theory must be fundamentally altered to incorporate modern “…activities, social roles, and interpersonal relations” (Bronfenbrenner et al., 1996, p. 1645).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Bronfenbrenner et al., 1996
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Rests on an assumption: Virtual interactions and activities occur in bits of data travelling at the speed of light.
In the paper
“In networked publics (e.g., social media platforms like Twitter), individuals are interacting with an invisible audience (boyd, 2008); individuals cannot know with certainty who or when others will read, view, or share the content they posted.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites boyd, 2008
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Even platforms eschewing permanency face the conundrum of screenshots; content can be recorded and reshared, sometimes to the detriment of the original poster.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Given the breadth and pace of technological innovation (not to mention the corresponding youth-led cultural innovation in digital spaces), scholars must be flexible and dynamic in their approach to describing virtual microsystems.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“we believe it is crucial to make a distinction between these two types of microsystems because virtual and physical microsystems each have unique “physical, social, and symbolic features” that differentially impact the synergistic interrelation of proximal processes, person characteristics, and time.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We contend that a cohesive theoretical framework is essential to the development of high-quality and strengths-based research designs, where technology can be incorporated regardless of the specific field of inquiry.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Abstract
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“we propose that these features be viewed on a continuum, both in terms of their applicability and degree of pertinence to the microsystem in question.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
In the paper
“In other words, microsystems were considered to be physical locations where “face-to-face” proximal processes took place (e.g., home, school, or work).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Bronfenbrenner et al., 1996
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Instead, building on Dourish (2004) and Heritage and Clayman (2011), Plowman suggested that contexts may be more relational than spatial, but did not specify further how such a concept might relate to the rest of the model or be operationalized.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Although we view proximal processes as constituting the “engines of development” (Bronfenbrenner & Evans, 2000, p. 118), our discussion of neo-ecological theory begins with context to accommodate profound alterations related to the microsystem, which have cascading impacts throughout the other elements of the model.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Bronfenbrenner & Evans, 2000 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Neither the solutions proposed by Johnson and Puplampu (2008) nor Plowman (2016) adequately answer this question.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Iran, where all telecommunications are centralized by state-run agencies, maintains stringent controls over internet usage, prohibiting access to non-Islamic content (Iran, 2020).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Iran, 2020
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Only through incorporating the dynamic influences of the macrosystem can our research stay relevant to parents, educators, practitioners, and industry.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At the macrosystem level, this digital divide reflects class inequalities and disparities between urban and rural areas in the United States.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Today’s adolescents do not have the luxury of a ‘fresh slate’ when they change locations, schools, or workplaces; as virtual microsystems are not bound by geography or time, their digital past is omnipresent.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Marwick and boyd (2011) described the phenomenon of context collapse, whereby multiple audiences (as imagined by the developing individual) converge on a single digital platform.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Marwick & boyd, 2011 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Similar to the mesosystem, the exosystem in neo-ecological theory remains largely unchanged from Bronfenbrenner’s conceptualization.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“His later writings favor the latter, and in publications about bioecological theory and the PPCT model, the macrosystem is almost entirely absent.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“This definition does not specify the type of group—it can refer to an entire society or to any group within that society that fits the definition.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Tudge, 2008 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Obviously, this view of culture does not permit a single way in which to measure either competence or dysfunction, which can only be related to the cultural group’s values and practices.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“we contend that Bronfenbrenner’s conceptualization of the mesosystem needs no adaptation to fit into neo-ecological theory.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Force characteristics are “active behavioral dispositions” (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006, p. 810) that promote or impede proximal processes.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Such macro-level “hazards” (Bronfenbrenner, 1989, p. 228) may limit digital participation, but when viewed from the perspective of the culture itself, censorship may be viewed as a different formulation of cyberspace (Jiang, 2012) rather than a hazard.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Jiang, 2012 source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This is an especially important level of context for developmental and social scientists to consider—our power to promote positive youth outcomes must now expand beyond our partnerships with parents, educators, and other practitioners to include developers of digital platforms.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Bronfenbrenner and Morris (1998, 2006) reformulated developmentally relevant person characteristics into three categories: force, resource, and demand.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 1998
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In our adaptation of bioecological theory to neo-ecological theory, these constructs remain largely unchanged but can be applied in new ways.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Person characteristics are both “an indirect producer and…a product of development” in the spiral of development (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006, p. 798).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Person characteristics feature twice in bioecological theory, initially as one of the forces impacting proximal processes and again as a developmental outcome.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Smartphone ownership in emerging economies has skyrocketed in recent years, with youth being the most rapid adopters (Taylor & Silver, 2019).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Taylor & Silver, 2019
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This censorship impacts the features of the virtual microsystems in China (e.g., anonymity is low), and as such, indirectly influences proximal processes.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Without distinction between virtual and physical microsystems, mesosystem level analyses will be ineffectual and obscure the bidirectional and interrelated nature of these microsystems.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These studies did not measure proximal processes in both microsystems (as a true mesosystemic study would); nonetheless, they demonstrate complex interrelations between virtual and physical microsystems, and how important this system of systems is to a neo-ecological approach.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As such, force characteristics can be broken down further into developmentally generative (e.g., curiosity, agency, ability to delay gratification) and developmentally disruptive (e.g., impulsiveness, distractibility, inability to delay gratification) characteristics.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Virtual microsystems likely have an opportunity cost; youth may be missing out on proximal processes (e.g., learning a new sport) that occur in physical microsystems by engaging in e-sports.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“mesotime is the only sub-element of the PPCT model to be explicitly described within the definition of proximal processes”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although Bronfenbrenner had written about the importance of historical time in the first two phases of the theory, only during the third phase was time formally added to his Process-Person-Context-Time model.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Further, in our model, we propose that developing individuals can be in more than one microsystem at a time.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The impact of some of these digital interruptions, also termed technoference, has been studied in both spousal and parent–child interactions.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Demand characteristics describe more phenotypic or observable features that “invite or discourage reactions” (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006, p. 812) from the environment (e.g., gender, skin color, age, attractiveness, shyness, and happiness).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
In the paper
“To be effective, the interaction must occur on a fairly regular basis over extended periods of time”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
- Not matched
In the paper
“He described three types of time that impact development: micro-, meso-, and macrotime (termed the “chronosystem” during the second phase).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
In the paper
“Microtime is defined as “continuity versus discontinuity in ongoing episodes of proximal process” (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006, p. 796), and refers to what is happening within a proximal process.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In virtual microsystems, developing individuals have tools (e.g., visualness, anonymity), time (e.g., asychnronicity), and space (e.g., availability) to regulate their online demand characteristics and, as a result, may have a greater degree of control in how they are perceived than in physical microsystems.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“As discussed previously, digital technology facilitates media multitasking, defined as the use of more than one digital device or platform simultaneously.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Marwick and boyd (2011) posited that digital social performances are based on an individual’s “imagined audience” (p. 115).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Marwick & boyd, 2011 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“When framed from this perspective, microtime becomes an incredibly important component of neo-ecological theory.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
In the paper
“Although virtual microsystems allow for more curation of demand characteristics, these presentations can be limited by mesosystemic forces, as friends, family, and colleagues can be audience members in both virtual and physical microsystems (boyd, 2008).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites boyd, 2008
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The visualness of some digital platforms (e.g., Instagram) may encourage more visual representations of self, as opposed to more narrative, text-based contexts.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Digital platforms are designed to engage us; we receive messages and notifications when we get an email, a ‘like’ on social media, an upcoming event on our calendar, and when the refrigerator door is left ajar.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
““Assets” include skills, knowledge, and abilities that promote competence and buffer against disruption, whereas “liabilities” describe characteristics like illness, social impairments, and physical disabilities.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“boyd (2008) argued that the internet has allowed adolescents to take back control of youth culture.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites boyd (2008)
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Screen time is not a proxy for the pattern of proximal processes in which youth engage in online and is too simplistic to account for developmental outcomes.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although this may change as future generations of parents will have grown up with social and digital media, it is likely that technological innovation will introduce new challenges for parents of the future.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“in ecological research, the principal main effects are likely to be interactions”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Bronfenbrenner, 1979 source
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“fewer adolescents are engaging in sexual risk-taking behaviors than previous generations (Twenge et al., 2017).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Twenge et al., 2017 source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Digital literacy (i.e., the ability to find and evaluate online information) is also a resource characteristic, but the digital divide may impair the development of this skillset, furthering disenfranchisement and isolation, and thus reinforcing the “digital vicious cycle” (Bronfenbrenner & Evans, 2000, p. 2).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Person Characteristics
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Bronfenbrenner & Evans, 2000 source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“the unique features of virtual microsystems may encourage inverse proximal processes, like social comparison, that can lead to feelings of insecurity and anxiety, body image concerns, and disordered eating (Holland & Tiggemann, 2016).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Holland & Tiggemann, 2016 source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“virtual microsystems arise and are sustained by interactions and activities, some of which are proximal processes.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Bronfenbrenner almost exclusively wrote about proximal processes as being positive (i.e., leading to competence and buffering against disfunction), but Merçon-Vargas et al. (2020) delineated the term inverse proximal processes”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Merçon-Vargas et al. (2020) source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“without research incorporating the influences of proximal processes in virtual microsystems, software developers will be in the dark about how best to design their platforms to promote positive outcomes for adolescents, and families.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Conclusion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Prevailing cultural beliefs about beauty (i.e., macrosystemic influence) are internalized, and can intensify inverse proximal process.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Whereas adults view technology as being distinct from other play, children see technological tools as an inherent part of their worlds.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“not all interactions taking place in virtual microsystems are proximal processes; digital platforms are simply another place in which we live, work, and play”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one. The quote only partly states this claim.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Bronfenbrenner did not undertake research using his model and rather used the work of other scholars to illustrate his ideas.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Applying Neo-ecological Theory
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Opportunities for such proximal processes are not monolithic, and positive outcomes are the results of an interrelation of person characteristics and the online environment.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“From a micro-temporal and meso-temporal perspective, the intensity, duration, and frequency of these inverse proximal processes can lead to poorer body image and increased disordered eating (Holland & Tiggemann, 2016).”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites Holland & Tiggemann, 2016 source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The advent of the internet freed adolescents and “decentralized publics” (p. 135), allowing them to participate more fully in co-constructing elements of the macrosystem.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites boyd, 2008
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The opening and closing of virtual microsystems is defined by the interactions and activities in which the developing individual engages. More simply, digital interactions and activities define the existence of the virtual microsystem.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The mesosystemic links between the virtual and physical microsystems (e.g., school) may lead to further deleterious outcomes and also raises concerns related to jurisdictional responsibility.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Proximal processes can take three forms: symbolic, relational, and complex.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“By making social connections with like-minded persons on social media platforms and online games, adolescents can find socioemotional support and strengthen their mental health.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the most pertinent to child and adolescent development are complex proximal processes, mostly occurring on Web 2.0 platforms”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Obviously, all three forms take place regularly in physical microsystems.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
boosted- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model requires significant modifications to reflect the virtual and technological contexts in which we currently communicate, learn, play, and work.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Conclusion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Rests on an assumption: Digital technology is pervasive enough that it influences nearly all phenomena of interest to developmental scholars.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“competence and dysfunction are culturally defined constructs; what is deemed a successful developmental outcome varies by culture and sub-culture.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: fails — It may be too vague to check against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper may give no reason why it holds. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The accessibility, asychnronicity, and visualness of social media platforms (e.g., Instagram) are conducive to comparisons; adolescents can effortlessly access millions of images, many of which have been carefully staged and edited to look perfect”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The moral panic about technology (at the macrosystemic level) may influence some parents to respond harshly or punitively to cyber victimization, and consequently, some youth may be less likely to report being cyber victimized.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“we hold true to the tenets of bioecological theory, but suggest key modifications to reflect our changed world.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Conclusion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We delineated a fundamental modification of the microsystem, namely the existence of two forms of microsystems—physical and virtual.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Conclusion
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“recent rapid transformations in digitalization suggest that today’s youth do not form a single coherent digital generation, with children’s ‘new’ digital contexts differing remarkably from those of children in previous cohorts”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bohnert and Gracia (2020)
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The availability of social media means that bullying and victimization is no longer temporally or spatially bound; bullies can reach their victims at any time, day or night, and microsystems that were safe in previous generations (i.e., home) no longer offer respite.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Social media platforms provide opportunities for storytelling and sharing of narrative identity with peers, which can play an important role in developing self-esteem and developing social skills.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Proximal Processes
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These shorter cohorts may have differential effects on development”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Time
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Person characteristics, context, and time are interdependent; all three forces synergistically shape “…the form, power, content, and direction of the proximal process” (Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006, p. 798), which in turn influence elements of the person, context, and time.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Synergy
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Bronfenbrenner & Morris, 2006
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Not matched
The paper relies on this without support.
The field lacks an overarching theory that addresses the intersection of development and technology.
“Although several scholars have developed laudable theories related to youth development in virtual contexts, the field lacks an overarching theory to address the intersection of development and technology.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Developmental and family sciences frequently overlook the technological and virtual contexts in which youth learn, play, and grow.
“We argue this critique is applicable today, as developmental and family sciences frequently overlook some of the ubiquitous contexts in which youth learn, play, and grow—the technological and virtual ones.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Interactions with technology are complex, bidirectional, and dynamic rather than individual and unidirectional.
“Further, interactions with technology are no longer individual and unidirectional, but complex, bidirectional, and dynamic.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Virtual interactions and activities occur in bits of data travelling at the speed of light.
“In our view, virtual interactions and activities are occurring in contexts unforeseen by Bronfenbrenner—in bits of data travelling at the speed of light—and his theory must be fundamentally altered to incorporate modern “…activities, social roles, and interpersonal relations” (Bronfenbrenner et al., 1996, p. 1645).”
The paper relies on this without support.
In 2021, about five billion people, roughly three-quarters of the world's population, owned smartphones.
“The ubiquity of digital technology is a global phenomenon; five billion people, roughly three-quarters of the world’s population, owned smartphones in 2021.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Digital technology is pervasive enough that it influences nearly all phenomena of interest to developmental scholars.
“In today’s technologized world, there are likely very few phenomena in which digital technology is not an influence in some way.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Virtual microsystems are central contexts in the lives of youth.
“virtual microsystems are central contexts in the lives of youth”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Algorithms shape these digital spaces, often reinforcing stereotypes and marginalization [ 84 , 85 ].”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
“Unlike the microsystem, to which we made two key modifications, we contend that Bronfenbrenner’s conceptualization of the mesosystem needs no adaptation to fit into neo-ecological theory.”
§ Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory > Neo-ecological Theory > Context
“In summary, this third modification can be stated as:3.The opening and closing of virtual microsystems are defined by the interactions and activities in which the developing individual engages.”
Citations
Cites
The Ecology of Human Development: Experiments by Nature and Design
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979) · Harvard University Press eBooks · doi:10.4159/9780674028845 · Cited by 26,084
Toward an experimental ecology of human development.
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.32.7.513 · Cited by 10,853 · cited 9×
“Whereas Bronfenbrenner conceptualized microsystems as discrete physical locations, like the home, school, or workplace, the flexibility of digital platforms enables individuals to participate in interactions within two microsystems simultaneously. Take as examples a child attending classes remotely from their home, co…”
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Weiser, M. (1991) · Scientific American · doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0991-94 · Cited by 10,017
The Bioecological Model of Human Development
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Morris, P. A. (2007) · Handbook of Child Psychology · doi:10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0114 · Cited by 5,760 · cited 17×
“1 The term macrosystem is mentioned once in Bronfenbrenner and Morris (2006) on page 796, in reference to his 1979 book, despite references elsewhere to racial and ethnic differences within the United States.”
BackgroundInfluentialI tweet honestly, I tweet passionately: Twitter users, context collapse, and the imagined audience
Marwick, A. E., & boyd, D. (2011) · New Media & Society · doi:10.1177/1461444810365313 · Cited by 4,612 · cited 5×
“Marwick and boyd (2011) described the phenomenon of context collapse, whereby multiple audiences (as imagined by the developing individual) converge on a single digital platform.”
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Social Network Sites as Networked Publics: Affordances, Dynamics, and Implications
(2010) · A Networked Self · doi:10.4324/9780203876527-8 · Cited by 1,724 · cited 12×
“The scalability (i.e., the ease with which content can be shared and disseminated to a wider audience; Boyd, 2010) of online content can magnify how permanence impacts proximal processes.”
BackgroundInfluentialWhat we talk about when we talk about context
Dourish, P. (2004) · Personal and Ubiquitous Computing · doi:10.1007/s00779-003-0253-8 · Cited by 1,529 · cited 1×
“(2017) found that more frequent posting of and exposure to alcohol-related content on social media was predictive of later alcohol use, but this effect was weakened considerably when baseline alcohol use was taken into account.”
BackgroundHolland, G., & Tiggemann, M. (2016) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.02.008 · Cited by 1,395
The Differential Susceptibility to Media Effects Model
Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2013) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/jcom.12024 · Cited by 1,340
Research works printed but not linked: 5
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- Navarro, J., Stephens, C., Rodrigues, B. C., Walker, I. A., Cooke, O., O’Toole, L., Hayes, N., & Tudge, J. R. H. (under review). Methodological and analytic approaches to operationalizing Bronfenbrenner’s PPCT model: Qualitative and quantitative examples from recent research in developmental and family sciences.
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 315
Samek, D. R., Akua, B. A., & Crumly, B. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-96023-6.00048-8
Rose, C. A., Imler, M. H., & Cowley, J. (2023) · Advances in learning and behavioral disabilities · doi:10.1108/s0735-004x20230000033003
Eco-political rule awareness in childhood
Carmo, M. (2024) · doi:10.36315/2024eadix31
Experiences of gay men faculty at Midwestern liberal arts colleges
Hengesteg, P. S. (2024) · doi:10.31274/td-20240617-123
YouTube Kids: Understanding Gender and Emotion through Modern Media
Lyles, L. T., Frankel, L. A., & Dunsmore, J. C. (2024) · Affective Science · doi:10.1007/s42761-024-00246-0 · Cited by 1
“Navarro and Tudge (2022) proposed this modern setting, termed the virtual microsystem, can be understood as a digital equivalent of the physical environment where direct interactions influence development.”
InfluentialThe Implications of Technology Usage in the Treatment of Behavior Disorders in Children
Tyler-Wood, T. L., Potnuru, R. P., & Tyler, M. N. (2024) · Advances in educational technologies and instructional design book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-0583-6.ch002
The exercise as a social support to improve mental health: a brief narrative review
Martinez, V. M. L. (2024) · International Journal of Family & Community Medicine · doi:10.15406/ijfcm.2024.08.00369 · Cited by 1
Karafakıoğlu, E., & Karaaslan, N. (2024) · Advances in business strategy and competitive advantage book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-8337-7.ch005
Sauermilch, W. S., Cardenas, J. F., Densley, R. L., & Bichard, S. L. (2025) · Journal of Child and Family Studies · doi:10.1007/s10826-025-03056-5
“Adopting a neo-ecological perspective, Navarro & Tudge (2022) posit that in the digital age, the microsystem unfolds simultaneously across virtual and physical spaces afforded by new technologies (e.g., learning at home via live video chat).”
InfluentialAcquisition du premier smartphone : une étape développementale
Danet, M. (2025) · La Revue de Santé Scolaire et Universitaire · doi:10.1016/j.revssu.2025.03.005
Walsh, C. S., Ross, K. M., Brown, K., Leslie, C. E., & Sullivan, T. N. (2025) · Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma · doi:10.1007/s40653-025-00706-0
“In line with recent maturation of developmental theory, the Transformation Framework (Nesi et al., 2018a, b) and Neo-ecological Theory (Navarro & Tudge, 2023) guide our research.”
Gal, A. (2025) · Journal of Outdoor and Environmental Education · doi:10.1007/s42322-024-00179-z
“The application of Bronfenbreener’s theory is not a novel concept in the context of outdoor education (Hu, 2022; Reese, 2019 ) nor in other education disciplines (Hua et al., 2022; Navarro & Tudge, 2022).”
Differences in the Influence of Virtual Influencers on Different Consumer Groups
Zhang, W. (2025) · International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering · doi:10.22399/ijcesen.2118
Akua, B. A., & Samek, D. R. (2025) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/02724316251343100
“To expand on prior research in the study of micro-and macro-contexts, we also evaluated potential effects associated with the neo-digital micro-context (Navarro & Tudge, 2022).”
Vasileva, A. V., Караваева, Т. А., Radionov, D. S., Андреевна, С. Д., & Andrianova, A. E. (2025) · Экология человека · doi:10.17816/humeco642908
Adams, K. L., & Riles, J. M. (2025) · Mass Communication & Society · doi:10.1080/15205436.2025.2514547
Meter, D. J., Worley, J. T., Salazar, J., Hall, A. R., & Renshaw, T. L. (2025) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1002/jad.70004 · Cited by 1
Kim, I., Boffa, J., Cho, M.-J., Conroy, D. E., Kline, N., Haber, N., Robinson, T. N., Reeves, B. B., & Ram, N. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.06.24.25329707
“The digital context has emerged as a new social ecology, engaging large segments of the population for extended periods (Navarro & Tudge, 2023).”
From private to public: Analyzing the dynamics of nonconsensual sexts in the digital age
Mishna, F., Brown, S., Jeries-Loulou, L. J., Khoury‐Kassabri, M., Brisson‐Boivin, K., Slane, A., Craig, W., Ashcroft, R., & Pepler, D. J. (2025) · The British Journal of Social Work · doi:10.1093/bjsw/bcaf169 · Cited by 1
Pillay, Y., & CİVAN, K. (2025) · The Journal of Humanistic Counseling · doi:10.1002/johc.70015 · Cited by 1
Miconi, D. (2025) · The Journal of Early Adolescence · doi:10.1177/02724316251379485
“The impact of the digital world as a crucial developmental context for young people (Navarro & Tudge, 2023) has not been explored in this special issue, but future research should include experiences in the online world which is in fl uencing development in interaction with experiences across more…”
Reyes, K. C., Martín, R. C., & Pérez-Hernández, E. (2025) · Edutec Revista Electrónica de Tecnología Educativa · doi:10.21556/edutec.2025.93.4049 · Cited by 1
Chong, S. Y. (2025) · International Journal of Qualitative Methods · doi:10.1177/16094069251362620 · Cited by 1
“With technological advancements, the model may need updates to include virtual dimensions (Navarro & Tudge, 2023).”
Adolescent Suicide Risk in China: A Multilevel Meta-Analysis and Multilayer Network Perspective
Ye, T. (2025) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-025-02273-x
“…variables were consolidated and categorized with reference to multiple established frameworks, including the Neo-Ecological Systems Theory (Johnson, 2010; Navarro & Tudge, 2022) and classical psychological and sociological models of suicide (e.g., Beck’s Hopelessness Theory; Wenzel & Beck, 2008).”
Evidence-Based Practice as a Media Mentorship Decision-Making Framework for Youth with Disabilities
Sauermilch, W. S., & Milman, D. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-40858-8_295-1
Pijlman, V. (2025) · Sexuality & Culture · doi:10.1007/s12119-025-10474-6
“To this end, Navarro and Tudge (2023) propose a neo-ecological theory that incorporates the intersection of youth development and the rise of technology.”
Clinical Applications of Ecosystemic Approach in a Special School
Kalamatianos, A., Yotsidi, V., & Kounenou, K. (2025) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-3351-9.ch015
Ashman, S., Barry, I., & Branch‐Smith, C. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-8100897/v1
Toth, C., Kornienko, O., Quiroz, S. I., Maras, O. R., Hernández, M. M., & Ha, T. (2025) · Journal of Children and Media · doi:10.1080/17482798.2025.2601084 · Cited by 1
“experiences intersect with in-person relationships and contribute to social development (Navarro & Tudge, 2023).”
Cracking the Engagement Enigma
Bergdahl, N., Bond, M., & Brown, A. (2025) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-83708-556-920251010 · Cited by 1
Ma, X., Boisen, M. R. M., Dillard, C., Lee, Y., Absalon, E., & Doty, J. L. (2025) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1002/jad.70090 · Cited by 2
Li, Y., Lin, S., Chen, T., Huang, M., Li, S., & Chen, J. (2026) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/01973533.2025.2603302
“Beyond individual and familial factors, cultural and ecological contexts may also shape these associations (Navarro et al., 2022; Navarro & Tudge, 2022).”
The Human and Social Factors of Technological Innovations
Patrakov, E. V., Dias, R. D. B., Frogeri, R. F., & Baturina, L. I. (2025) · NOvation - Critical Studies of Innovation · doi:10.5380/nocsi.i7.98322
“Note that on the basis of this theory, another theory was developed that combines technologies and the social environment, which, in our opinion, has significant explanatory potential in the future (Navarro, Tudge, 2023).”
Qu, Y., Zheng, S., Yang, T., Zheng, L., Jiang, F., & Yang, F. (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1722353
“Ecological systems theory (3) holds that the individual interacts with the environment, with the individual influencing the environment and the environment affecting the individual, a framework widely applied in the field of mental health (4–6).”
Nastajanje voditelja skozi izkušnjo v času: sv. Ciril in Metod v luči sodobnih sistemskih teorij
Šimenc, M. (2025) · Res novae · doi:10.62983/rn2865.25b.5
Nguema, N. B. B., & Vachon, I. (2025) · Éducation et francophonie · doi:10.7202/1122433ar
The Nature of Self-Generated Intimate Images by Children Aged 7 to 10: A Scoping Review
Pijlman, V., Kornet, J., & Schoonmade, L. J. (2026) · Archives of Sexual Behavior · doi:10.1007/s10508-025-03341-w
“Future research should focus on testing underlying mechanisms and researching CSGII in light of ecological or developmental theories that may explain online sexual behaviors (e.g., sexual script theory (Simon & Gagnon, 1986, 2003) and neo-ecological theory (Navarro & Tudge, 2023)).”
Exploring teacher perspectives on contemporary complexities in K-12 ICT integration
Carpenter, J., & Biadeni, B. S. (2026) · Journal of Research on Technology in Education · doi:10.1080/15391523.2026.2616536
Weiss, C., Chik, A., Djonov, E., & Melo‐Pfeifer, S. (2026) · System · doi:10.1016/j.system.2026.104007 · Cited by 3
Deslauriers, J.-M., & Godbout, N. (2025) · Intervention · doi:10.7202/1123091ar
Mei, S., Liu, K., Pan, L., Su, Y., Ding, F., Zhang, C., Zhang, L., Cui, Y., & Lin, X. (2026) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-026-26973-6
“The findings of this study support the central tenet of the new ecosystem theory proposed by Navarro and Tudge [27].”
Chase, G. E., & Jensen, M. (2026) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2026.101254
Beyond innovation: Reimagining inclusive and ethical technologies for ageing populations
Gough, C., Dermody, G., & Palmeira, A. (2026) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076261418907
“15 These virtual microsystems enable asynchronous, remote health monitoring and represent a signi fi cant evolution in how ecological systems are conceptualised.”
Population Approaches to Promoting Relational Health From Early Life
Zubrick, S. R., Evans-Whipp, T. J., Olsson, C. A., et al. (2026) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-026-00566-6
Shaping and being shaped: Teacher decision-making in transition year project-based learning
Bough, A., & Sainz, G. M. (2026) · Journal of Research on Technology in Education · doi:10.1080/15391523.2026.2643167
Yüksel, M., & Kayır, G. (2026) · Bayburt Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.35675/befdergi.1733554
Learning analytics enhanced online learning support
Lee, V. W. (2026) · Open Learning The Journal of Open Distance and e-Learning · doi:10.1080/02680513.2026.2656401 · Cited by 1
Krantz, S., Kirkvaag, N. M. W., Svanholm, S., & Arvidsson, L. (2026) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-026-27351-y · Cited by 2
“The constantly evolving nature of the digital landscape also highlights the relevance of Navarro and Tudge’s distinction between physical and virtual microsystems, suggesting that traditional personal networks may be losing influence as digital resources gain greater prominence [45].”
Mekonnen, G. T., Lin, L. S. F., Aslett, D., & Allan, D. M. C. (2026) · World · doi:10.3390/world7050075 · Cited by 2
“For vulnerable adolescents, including those from marginalised groups, social media often serves as a virtual microsystem facilitating peer support and access to resources, and restrictions may inadvertently aggravate isolation by severing these linkages [18,26,34].”
InfluentialMay, B., & Holmes, S. E. (2026) · International Journal of Christianity & Education · doi:10.1177/20569971261444966
Olajubu, B. J., Etuka, C. E., Hussaini, M. L., & Angama, L. J. (2026) · Human Arenas · doi:10.1007/s42087-026-00619-w
“Specifically, the paper aims to: ● Extend Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory, drawing on the neo-ecological per - spective of Navarro and Tudge (2022), by arguing that AI has shifted from the exosys-tem to function as a quasi-socialising agent within the microsystem.”
InfluentialProfiles of Digital Parenting Styles: Associations With Cyberbullying Among Adolescents
Lee, Y., Doty, J. L., Ma, X., & Waasdorp, T. E. (2026) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1002/jad.70182 · Cited by 1
Hadi, A. A., Zauddin, N. Z., Arifin, S. R. M., et al. (2026) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-026-00646-y
Kovalchuk, H. O. (2026) · International Scientific Journal of Universities and Leadership · doi:10.31874/2520-6702-2026-21-50-64
Adolescent school dropout in localized rural contexts: a comparative ecological systems analysis
Andriyati, N., Amin, A., Li, Y. W., & Chen, Y. (2026) · Asia Pacific Journal of Education · doi:10.1080/02188791.2026.2679286
Schirle, L., Babel, M., Briem, J.-S., Gawehn, N., Janka, H., Metzendorf, M., Trunk, E., Wohlleben, J., Weibel, S., & Spiegler, J. (2026) · medRxiv · doi:10.64898/2026.06.02.26354617
SIMONE, P. D., Peritore, D., Ducci, J., Romano, L., Longo, D., Giuliani, A., Campani, D., & Vistoli, F. (2026) · Hepatoma Research · doi:10.20517/2394-5079.2025.77
Wilson-Woko, V. C., Nasara, B., Chukwu, M. C., Peter, J. A., & IYALA, F. E. (2026) · Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies in Education · doi:10.32674/fdm79p37
Protecting Children in Digital Environments: Identifying New Forms of Risk and Neglect
Al-Maamari, W. S., & Elsherbiny, M. M. (2026) · Social Work · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-3440-1_46-1
Social and emotional e-processes and responses in problematic social media use among adolescents
Angelini, F., Gini, G., & Marino, C. (2026) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2026.108781
Inda, C., Motta, L., Fleith, D., Seibel, E., Habigzang, L. F., Freitas, C., & Pessoa, A. S. G. (2026) · Discover Psychology · doi:10.1007/s44202-026-00771-y
“The children's positive assessment of the activities indicates that the environment provided adequate support for active involvement in said activities [40].”
Hartio, S., Hakkarainen, K., Juuti, K., & Sormunen, K. (2026) · Youth & Society · doi:10.1177/0044118x261465033
Ghallab, M., & Al-Makhamreh, S. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9579815/v1
Aydın, E., Kırkan, B., Demir, G., & Öztürk, I. (2026) · Journal of Childhood Education & Society · doi:10.37291/jces.907
“…this need by conceptualizing digital platforms as virtual microsystems , developmental settings situated within Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems model, where children actively engage with others through technology and construct meaning from digitally mediated experiences (Navarro & Tudge, 2023).”
Vuorinen, T., & Ugaste, A. (2026) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2026.1866903
Bell, M. W., & Øverland, K. (2026) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-026-10260-8 · Cited by 1
“This change includes virtual microsystems as a part of the microsystem, extending interactions beyond the face-to-face, temporal, and spatial limitations (Navarro & Tudge, 2022).”
InfluentialFu, J., & Zhao, F. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16081393
Rojas, D. A. E., Rodríguez-Osiac, L., Maggiolo, C. F., & Espinoza, P. G. (2026) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1823248
“Also absent is the digital environment, whose role in shaping food practices has been increasingly recognized (17, 18).”
Chen, R., Xiao, Q., Lin, S., Xiao, J., Yin, M., Ma, Y., Zhang, B., & Zhong, H. (2026) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2026.109126
Parental Warmth-Neglect, Perceived Phubbing and Emotional Behavioral Problems of Gen Z
Hanif, L., Riaz, A., Nasir, K., & Baig, H. (2026) · International Journal of Emerging Multidisciplinaries Social Science · doi:10.54938/ijemdss.2026.05.2.655
Moon, Y. K. (2026) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-026-14092-z
Wen, M., Zhou, J., 罗海倩, & Zhang, L. (2026) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107470
A brief roadmap for protecting the mental health of youth in the digital age: A scoping review
Ulutaş, D. A., & GÜNDÜZ, D. U. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-026-09738-7
Gentile, A., & Alesi, M. (2026) · Virtual Worlds · doi:10.3390/virtualworlds5030033
Yu, ., 董伟, Chen, C., & He, P. (2026) · Psycho-Oncologie · doi:10.18282/po5861
Li, Y., & Rahman, M. N. A. (2026) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.107552
Smith, J. (2026) · European Early Childhood Education Research Journal · doi:10.1080/1350293x.2026.2712966
Adolescents’ smartphone use in family interactions: acceptability, behavior, and consequences
Merkaš, M., Selak, M. B., & Žulec, A. (2026) · Anales de Psicología · doi:10.6018/analesps.677421
Luo, W., Gao, M., Liu, J., Berson, I. R., Berson, M. J., & Li, H. (2026) · AI Brain and Child · doi:10.1007/s44436-026-00040-8
“…), and its technology-oriented extension, neo-ecological theory, adds virtual microsystems and reframes digital interaction as a new site of proximal processes (Navarro & Tudge, 2022 ), an approach that has informed recent analyses of educator and child relationships in tech-nology-rich settings.”
Fraser‐Andrews, C., & Gandolfi, H. E. (2026) · International Journal of Science Education · doi:10.1080/09500693.2026.2707430
Pynnönen, L., Lipponen, L., & Kumpulainen, K. (2026) · South African Journal of Childhood Education · doi:10.4102/sajce.v16i1.1830 · Cited by 1
Morello, L., Baraldsnes, D., ten Braak, D., & Fandrem, H. (2026) · Social Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s11218-026-10273-3
“Within this paradigm, a socio-ecological perspective on cyberbullying was adopted to capture the multiple, interconnected levels, including the digital one, where systems of power operate and shape cyberbullying processes (Mayne & Craig, 2024; Navarro & Tudge, 2022; Patel & Quan-Haase, 2024).”
Mapping Multilevel Correlates of Adolescent Mental Health: Evidence from an Ecological Network Study
Li, Y., Gong, S., & Li, H. (2026) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-026-02085-5
Yaralı, K. T., Şeker, S., & ATEŞ, R. C. (2026) · Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi · doi:10.21020/husbfd.1826840
Matsimbi, J. L., & Lekganyane, M. R. (2026) · Nursing Reports · doi:10.3390/nursrep16090308
Family Dynamics Around “Problematic” Internet Use: Parents’ and Adolescents’ Perspectives
Selin, A. Y. A. S., & Demir, A. (2026) · The Family Journal · doi:10.1177/10664807261483718
Weubel, D., Bauer, H., Karsay, K., Festl, R., & Camerini, A.-L. (2026) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2026.119746
Choi, K. W. Y., John Lok Hei, N. G., Pak, S. H. L., Bradbury‐Jones, C., CABIESES, B., Chau, P. H., & Choi, E. P. H. (2026) · Computers in Human Behavior Reports · doi:10.1016/j.chbr.2026.101298
Rees, L., & Navratilova, H. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198944201.003.0003
Rees, L., & Navratilova, H. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198944201.002.0008
Rees, L., & Navratilova, H. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198944201.003.0004
Rees, L., & Navratilova, H. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198944201.002.0007
Rees, L., & Navratilova, H. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198944201.003.0001
Epilogue, or Ways of Remembering and Forgetting
Rees, L., & Navratilova, H. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198944201.003.0007
Oxford Studies in Egyptian Archaeology
Rees, L., & Navratilova, H. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198944201.002.0002
Rees, L., & Navratilova, H. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198944201.003.0006
Rees, L., & Navratilova, H. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198944201.003.0008
Rees, L., & Navratilova, H. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198944201.003.0005
Rees, L., & Navratilova, H. (2026) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780198944201.002.0005
Metadata
- Authors
- Navarro, J. L., & Tudge, J. R. H.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Greensboro (US)
- Corresponding author
- Navarro, Jessica L.
- Venue
- Current Psychology
- Published
- 2022-01-21
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 22
- Pages
- 19338-19354
- ISSN
- 1046-1310 (ISSN-L)
- 1936-4733
- PMC
- PMC8782219
- OpenAlex
- W4210352696
- Semantic Scholar
- f506f4fb2428fbda3660ea6fdffb7c0994b1fb9d
- Cited by
- 325
- References
- 72
- Citations by year
- 2026: 117 · 2025: 96 · 2024: 63 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 12
- FWCI
- 111.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Current Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Child Development and Digital Technology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Youth Development and Social Support
- Keywords
- bioecological model, Bronfenbrenner, adolescents, youth development, digital technologies, virtual worlds, macrosystem, Process-Person-Context-Time model, proximal processes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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