Toward an experimental ecology of human development.
Abstract
A broader approach to research in hu- j man development is proposed that focuses on the pro- gressive accommodation, throughout the life span, between the growing human organism and the changing environments in which it actually lives and grows. The latter include not only the immediate settings containing the developing person but also the larger social contexts, both formal and informal, in which these settings are embedded. In terms of method, the approach emphasizes the use of rigorousj^d^igned exp_erjments, both naturalistic and contrived, beginning in the early stages of the research process. The chang- ing relation between person and environment is con- ceived in systems terms. These systems properties are set forth in a series of propositions, each illus- trated by concrete research examples.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Bronfenbrenner developed one of the first socio-ecological systems theories.
“One of the first socio-ecological systems theories was developed by Bronfenbrenner (1977Bronfenbrenner ( , 1979)).”
From Sexual and gender-based violence against South Sudanese refugees in Uganda: a mixed-methods study (2025) · cites this paper as Bronfenbrenner, 1977
Bronfenbrenner assumed that risk factors in more proximal social systems exert more influence on the child's development and behavior than risk factors in more distal social systems.
“Bronfenbrenner assumed that risk factors in more proximal social systems exert more influence on the child’s development and behavior than risk factors in more distal social systems.”
From Risk Factors for School Absenteeism and Dropout: A Meta-Analytic Review (2019) · cites this paper as Bronfenbrenner 1986
Any resource can provide a bridge to better outcomes if timed to key transitions and choice points.
“Any resource can provide a bridge to better outcomes if timed to key transitions and choice points”
From The Psychology of Change: Self-Affirmation and Social Psychological Intervention (2014) · cites this paper as Bronfenbrenner 1977
Ecological Systems Theory highlights myriad influences from the most immediate Meso-System to more remote socio-cultural forces as well as change over time.
“This system approach theory highlights the myriad of influences from the most immediate Meso-System (i.e., those in close physical proximity with lasting ties) to the more remote socio-cultural forces as well as change over time.”
From Transfer of Minors to Adult Court in California: Investigating the Legal/Demographic Factors that Make the Difference (2025) · cites this paper as Bronfenbrenner, 1977
According to Ecological Systems Theory, human development is a product of progressive accommodation, an interplay between the growing human organism and the fluctuating environments in which it lives and grows.
“According to Ecological Systems Theory (EST) (Bronfenbrenner, 1977) human development is a product of progressive accommodation, an interplay between the growing human organism and the fluctuating environments in which it actually lives and grows.”
From Transfer of Minors to Adult Court in California: Investigating the Legal/Demographic Factors that Make the Difference (2025) · cites this paper as Bronfenbrenner, 1977
Bronfenbrenner developed EST in the late 1970s to offer a comprehensive developmental framework of multiple factors that provide layers of impact on individuals throughout their lives.
“Bronfenbrenner (43) developed EST in the late 1970s to offer a comprehensive developmental framework of multiple factors that provide layers of impact on individuals throughout their lives.”
From A proposed framework based on literature review of online contextual mental health services to enhance wellbeing and address psychopathology during covid-19 (2020) · cites this paper as [43]
The ecological model (person X context) informed the examination of potential interaction between perceived COVID-19 threat and perceived COVID-19 societal stigma.
“This was informed by the ecological model (person X context) [9, 17].”
From Psychiatric symptoms, risk, and protective factors among university students in quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic in China (2021) · cites this paper as [9]
A social-ecological model of sleep and health was recently proposed by our group, based on Bronfenbrenner's social-ecological theory.
“With this in mind, a social-ecological model of sleep and health was recently proposed by our group (Grandner et al., 2010c), based on the social-ecological theory of Bronfenbrenner (1977).”
From Addressing sleep disturbances: an opportunity to prevent cardiometabolic disease? (2014) · cites this paper as Bronfenbrenner (1977)
Cites
Construct validity in psychological tests.
Cronbach, L. J., & Meehl, P. E. (1955) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/h0040957 · Cited by 11,195 · see citing works
Ainsworth, M. D. S., & Bell, S. M. (1970) · Child Development · doi:10.2307/1127388 · Cited by 1,764 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The Construct of Resilience: A Critical Evaluation and Guidelines for Future Work
Luthar, S. S., Cicchetti, D., & Becker, B. (2000) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/1467-8624.00164 · Cited by 9,381 · see citing works
An ecological perspective on health promotion programs
McLeroy, K. R., Bibeau, D., Steckler, A., & Glanz, K. (1988) · Health Education Quarterly · doi:10.1177/109019818801500401 · Cited by 8,502 · see citing works
The Bioecological Model of Human Development
Bronfenbrenner, U., & Morris, P. A. (2007) · Handbook of Child Psychology · doi:10.1002/9780470147658.chpsy0114 · Cited by 5,760 · see citing works
Self-citationLearning by Expanding: An Activity-Theoretical Approach to Developmental Research
Engeström, Y. (2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139814744 · Cited by 4,991 · see citing works
Learning Styles and Learning Spaces: Enhancing Experiential Learning in Higher Education
Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2005) · Academy of Management Learning & Education · doi:10.5465/amle.2005.17268566 · Cited by 4,980 · see citing works
On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models
Bommasani, R., Hudson, D. A., Adeli, E., Altman, R., Arora, S., von Arx, S., Bernstein, M. S., Bohg, J., Bosselut, A., Brunskill, E., et al. (2021) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2108.07258 · Cited by 2,676 · see citing works
Gershoff, E. T. (2002) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.128.4.539 · Cited by 2,165 · see citing works
Kwasnicka, D., Dombrowski, S. U., White, M., & Sniehotta, F. (2016) · Health Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/17437199.2016.1151372 · Cited by 1,476 · see citing works
Classroom emotional climate, student engagement, and academic achievement.
Reyes, M. R., Brackett, M. A., Rivers, S. E., White, M., & Salovey, P. (2012) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027268 · Cited by 1,229 · see citing works
The Psychology of Change: Self-Affirmation and Social Psychological Intervention
Cohen, G. L., & Sherman, D. K. (2014) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-010213-115137 · Cited by 1,197 · see citing works
Grolnick, W. S., Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (1991) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-0663.83.4.508 · Cited by 1,186 · see citing works
Bernal, G., Bonilla, J., & Bellido, C. (1995) · Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology · doi:10.1007/bf01447045 · Cited by 1,120 · see citing works
Peer-review practices of psychological journals: The fate of published articles, submitted again
Peters, D. P., & Ceci, S. J. (1982) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00011183 · Cited by 1,079 · see citing works
Evolutionary Personality Psychology
Buss, D. M. (1991) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.42.020191.002331 · Cited by 930 · see citing works
The association between social support and physical activity in older adults: a systematic review
Lindsay Smith, G., Banting, L., Eime, R., O’Sullivan, G., & van Uffelen, J. G. Z. (2017) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0509-8 · Cited by 889 · see citing works
“However, many behaviour change theories, including the Social Cognitive Theory [19], Social-Ecological Model [20, 21], Theory of Planned Behaviour [22] and the Health Belief Model [23], highlight the importance of social factors such as social support (SS) and social connectedness in maintaining and/or initiating beha…”
BackgroundUses and Misuses of Bronfenbrenner's Bioecological Theory of Human Development
Tudge, J. R. H., Mokrova, I., Hatfield, B. E., & Karnik, R. B. (2009) · Journal of Family Theory & Review · doi:10.1111/j.1756-2589.2009.00026.x · Cited by 879 · see citing works
Urie Bronfenbrenner's Theory of Human Development: Its Evolution From Ecology to Bioecology
Rosa, E. M., & Tudge, J. (2013) · Journal of Family Theory & Review · doi:10.1111/jftr.12022 · Cited by 775 · see citing works
Grandner, M. A. (2017) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2016.10.012 · Cited by 720 · see citing works
Risk Factors for School Absenteeism and Dropout: A Meta-Analytic Review
Gubbels, J., van der Put, C. E., & Assink, M. (2019) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-019-01072-5 · Cited by 596 · see citing works
“This view on how school absenteeism and dropout evolve is in line with the ecological perspective on child development of Bronfenbrenner (1979, 1986).”
ResultGrandner, M. A., Hale, L., Moore, M., & Patel, N. P. (2010) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2009.07.006 · Cited by 602 · see citing works
The role of childhood sexual abuse sequelae in the sexual revictimization of women
Messman-Moore, T. L., & Long, P. J. (2003) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(02)00203-9 · Cited by 484 · see citing works
Intervening within and across levels: A multilevel approach to stigma and public health
Cook, J. E., Purdie-Vaughns, V., Meyer, I. H., & Busch, J. T. A. (2014) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.09.023 · Cited by 438 · see citing works
Social and Interpersonal Factors Relating to Adolescent Suicidality: A Review of the Literature
King, C. A., & Merchant, C. R. (2008) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811110802101203 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Academic Correlates of Children and Adolescents' Life Satisfaction
Suldo, S. M., Riley, K. N., & Shaffer, E. J. (2006) · School Psychology International · doi:10.1177/0143034306073411 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Dynamic assessment in the language classroom
Poehner, M. E., & Lantolf, J. P. (2005) · Language Teaching Research · doi:10.1191/1362168805lr166oa · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Intergenerational transmission of harsh parenting
Simons, R. L., Whitbeck, L. B., Conger, R. D., & Wu, C.-I. (1991) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/0012-1649.27.1.159 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
Family adjustment to childhood cancer: a systematic review.
Long, K. A., & Marsland, A. L. (2011) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1007/s10567-010-0082-z · Cited by 377 · see citing works
Sherman, D. K., Hartson, K. A., Binning, K. R., Purdie-Vaughns, V., Garcia, J., Taborsky-Barba, S., Tomassetti, S., Nussbaum, A. D., & Cohen, G. L. (2013) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031495 · Cited by 371 · see citing works
The ‘Real-World Approach’ and Its Problems: A Critique of the Term Ecological Validity
Holleman, G. A., Hooge, I. T. C., Kemner, C., & Hessels, R. S. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00721 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Comparative Case Studies: An Innovative Approach
Bartlett, L., & Vavrus, F. (2017) · Nordic Journal of Comparative and International Education (NJCIE) · doi:10.7577/njcie.1929 · Cited by 346 · see citing works
A systematic review of multi-level stigma interventions: state of the science and future directions
Rao, D., Elshafei, A., Nguyen, M., Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Frey, S., & Go, V. F. (2019) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-018-1244-y · Cited by 331 · see citing works
The challenges of feedback in higher education
Henderson, M., Ryan, T., & Phillips, M. (2019) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2019.1599815 · Cited by 335 · see citing works
Technologizing Bronfenbrenner: Neo-ecological Theory.
Navarro, J. L., & Tudge, J. R. H. (2023) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-02738-3 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
“Whereas Bronfenbrenner conceptualized microsystems as discrete physical locations, like the home, school, or workplace, the flexibility of digital platforms enables individuals to participate in interactions within two microsystems simultaneously. Take as examples a child attending classes remotely from their home, co…”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialByrd, D. R., & McKinney, K. J. (2012) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2011.584334 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Grossmann, I. (2017) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691616672066 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Cumulative Childhood Adversity, Educational Attainment, and Active Life Expectancy Among U.S. Adults
Montez, J. K., & Hayward, M. D. (2014) · Demography · doi:10.1007/s13524-013-0261-x · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Cultural Change: The How and the Why
Varnum, M. E. W., & Grossmann, I. (2017) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/1745691617699971 · Cited by 294 · see citing works
Lui, P. P. (2015) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0038449 · Cited by 285 · see citing works
Szapocznik, J., & Williams, R. A. (2000) · Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review · doi:10.1023/a:1009512719808 · Cited by 286 · see citing works
Xie, X., Chen, W., Zhu, X., & He, D. (2019) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.104426 · Cited by 284 · see citing works
The resilience portfolio model: Understanding healthy adaptation in victims of violence.
Grych, J., Hamby, S., & Banyard, V. (2015) · Psychology of Violence · doi:10.1037/a0039671 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Juster, R.-P., Bizik, G., Picard, M., Arsenault-Lapierre, G., Sindi, S., Trepanier, L., Marin, M.-F., Wan, N., Sekerovic, Z., Lord, C., et al. (2011) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579411000289 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Feldman, R., Eidelman, A. I., & Rotenberg, N. (2004) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00816.x · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Conditions that enable effective feedback
Henderson, M., Phillips, M., Ryan, T., Boud, D., Dawson, P., Molloy, E., & Mahoney, P. (2019) · Higher Education Research & Development · doi:10.1080/07294360.2019.1657807 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Cook, J. E., Purdie-Vaughns, V., Garcia, J., & Cohen, G. L. (2012) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026312 · Cited by 244 · see citing works
Wurtele, S. K. (2009) · Journal of Child Sexual Abuse · doi:10.1080/10538710802584650 · Cited by 240 · see citing works
Liu, J., Davidson, E., Bhopal, R., White, M., Johnson, M., Netto, G., Deverill, M., & Sheikh, A. (2012) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta16440 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Improving low health literacy and patient engagement: A social ecological approach
McCormack, L., Thomas, V., Lewis, M. A., & Rudd, R. (2017) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2016.07.007 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Sun, S., Goldberg, S. B., Lin, D., Qiao, S., & Operario, D. (2021) · Globalization and Health · doi:10.1186/s12992-021-00663-x · Cited by 221 · see citing works
Tanhan, A., & Strack, R. W. (2020) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-020-00692-6 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), peer victimization, and substance use among adolescents
Afifi, T. O., Taillieu, T., Salmon, S., Davila, I. G., Stewart-Tufescu, A., Fortier, J., Struck, S., Asmundson, G. J. G., Sareen, J., & MacMillan, H. L. (2020) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104504 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Luyten, P., Campbell, C., & Fonagy, P. (2020) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12483 · Cited by 181 · see citing works
Orr, J. A., & King, R. J. (2015) · Health Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/17437199.2015.1022847 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Neurobiology of culturally common maternal responses to infant cry
Bornstein, M. H., Putnick, D. L., Rigo, P., Esposito, G., Swain, J. E., Suwalsky, J. T. D., Su, X., Du, X., Zhang, K., Cote, L. R., et al. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1712022114 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Durantini, M. R., Albarracín, D., Mitchell, A. L., Earl, A. N., & Gillette, J. C. (2006) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.2.212 · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Gee, D. G. (2021) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2021.21090944 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Speaking up to prevent harm: A systematic review of the safety voice literature
Noort, M. C., Reader, T. W., & Gillespie, A. (2019) · Safety Science · doi:10.1016/j.ssci.2019.04.039 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Merçon‐Vargas, E. A., Lima, R. F. F., Rosa, E. M., & Tudge, J. (2020) · Journal of Family Theory & Review · doi:10.1111/jftr.12373 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Hartog, K., Hubbard, C. D., Krouwer, A. F., Thornicroft, G., Kohrt, B. A., & Jordans, M. J. D. (2020) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112749 · Cited by 135 · see citing works
Hackman, C., & Knowlden, A. (2014) · Adolescent Health, Medicine and Therapeutics · doi:10.2147/ahmt.s56207 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Complexity theory of psychopathology.
Olthof, M., Hasselman, F., Oude Maatman, F., Bosman, A. M. T., & Lichtwarck-Aschoff, A. (2023) · Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science · doi:10.1037/abn0000740 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
iFamily: Internet and Social Media Technology in the Family Context
Williams, A. L., & Merten, M. J. (2011) · Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1552-3934.2011.02101.x · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Fosco, G. M., DeBoard, R. L., & Grych, J. H. (2007) · European Psychologist · doi:10.1027/1016-9040.12.1.6 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Prevalence and Profiling: Hazing Among College Students and Points of Intervention
Campo, S., Poulos, G., & Sipple, J. W. (2005) · American Journal of Health Behavior · doi:10.5993/ajhb.29.2.5 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Hagermoser Sanetti, L. M., & Collier-Meek, M. A. (2019) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2019.07.008 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
The added impact of parenting education in early childhood education programs: A meta-analysis
Grindal, T., Bowne, J. B., Yoshikawa, H., Schindler, H. S., Duncan, G. J., Magnuson, K., & Shonkoff, J. P. (2016) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.09.018 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Kim, J. (2009) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2009.02.002 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Schindler, H. S., Kholoptseva, J., Oh, S. S., Yoshikawa, H., Duncan, G. J., Magnuson, K. A., & Shonkoff, J. P. (2015) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2015.04.001 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Lee, H. Y., Jamieson, J. P., Reis, H. T., Beevers, C. G., Josephs, R. A., Mullarkey, M. C., O’Brien, J. M., & Yeager, D. S. (2020) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.13422 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Ecodevelopmental HIV prevention programs for Hispanic adolescents
Pantin, H., Schwartz, S. J., Sullivan, S., Prado, G., & Szapocznik, J. (2004) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1037/0002-9432.74.4.545 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Foundations for Young Adult Success: A Developmental Framework
Nagaoka, J., Farrington, C. A., Ehrlich, S. B., & Heath, R. D. (2015) · doi:10.59656/yd-g1389.001 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Cushing, C. C., Brannon, E. E., Suorsa, K. I., & Wilson, D. K. (2014) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsu042 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Public and private domains of religiosity and adolescent smoking transitions
Nonnemaker, J., McNeely, C. A., & Blum, R. W. (2006) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.11.052 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
School Life and Adolescents' Self-Esteem Trajectories
Morin, A. J. S., Maïano, C., Marsh, H. W., Nagengast, B., & Janosz, M. (2013) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12089 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Tanhan, A., Yavuz, K. F., Young, J. S., Nalbant, A., Arslan, G., Yıldırım, M., Ulusoy, S., Genç, E., Uğur, E., & Çiçek, İ. (2020) · Electronic Journal of General Medicine · doi:10.29333/ejgm/8316 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Long, K. A., Marsland, A. L., Wright, A., & Hinds, P. (2015) · Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1177/1043454214555194 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
DePanfilis, D. (1996) · Child Maltreatment · doi:10.1177/1077559596001001005 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Tanhan, A. (2019) · Journal of Positive School Psychology · doi:10.47602/jpsp.v3i2.172 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Addressing sleep disturbances: an opportunity to prevent cardiometabolic disease?
Grandner, M. A. (2014) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/09540261.2014.911148 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“With this in mind, a social-ecological model of sleep and health was recently proposed by our group (Grandner et al., 2010c), based on the socialecological theory of Bronfenbrenner (1977).”
MethodSuicidal Thoughts and Behavior in Children and Adolescents: An Ecological Model of Resilience
Gallagher, M. L., & Miller, A. B. (2018) · Adolescent Research Review · doi:10.1007/s40894-017-0066-z · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Muslims and Mental Health Services: A Concept Map and a Theoretical Framework
Tanhan, A., & Young, J. S. (2022) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-021-01324-4 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Fostering supportive community connections through mothers' groups and playgroups
Strange, C., Fisher, C., Howat, P., & Wood, L. (2014) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.12435 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Rethinking context: Digital technologies and children's everyday lives
Plowman, L. (2016) · Children's Geographies · doi:10.1080/14733285.2015.1127326 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Influence of Exercise on Skill Proficiency in Soccer
Russell, M., & Kingsley, M. (2011) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.2165/11589130-000000000-00000 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Sex/gender differences in cognitive abilities
Kheloui, S., Jacmin-Park, S., Larocque, O., Kerr, P., Rossi, M., Cartier, L., & Juster, R.-P. (2023) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105333 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Brief strategic family therapy.
Szapocznik, J., & Hervis, O. E. (2020) · doi:10.1037/0000169-000 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Schiller, V. F., Dorstyn, D. S., & Taylor, A. M. (2021) · Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders · doi:10.1007/s10803-020-04601-5 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Evolutionary systems theory: a unifying meta-theory of psychological science
Badcock, P. B. (2012) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0026381 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
The impact of sociocultural contexts on mental health following sexual violence: a conceptual model.
Dworkin, E. R., & Weaver, T. L. (2021) · Psychology of Violence · doi:10.1037/vio0000350 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Muslims and mental health concerns: A social ecological model perspective
Tanhan, A., & Francisco, V. T. (2019) · Journal of Community Psychology · doi:10.1002/jcop.22166 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Edwards, S., Henderson, M., Gronn, D., Scott, A., & Mirkhil, M. (2017) · Technology, Pedagogy and Education · doi:10.1080/1475939x.2016.1152291 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Havlicek, J. (2011) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2011.02.007 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Williams, J. K., Glover, D. A., Wyatt, G. E., Kisler, K., Liu, H., & Zhang, M. (2013) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2012.301121 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Wellbeing, Whole Health and Societal Transformation: Theoretical Insights and Practical Applications
Kemp, A. H., & Fisher, Z. (2022) · Global Advances in Health and Medicine · doi:10.1177/21649561211073077 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Wu, L., Zhang, D., Cheng, G., Hu, T., & Rost, D. H. (2015) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.09.019 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Hobin, E., Leatherdale, S., Manske, S., Dubin, J., Elliott, S., & Veugelers, P. (2012) · International Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s00038-012-0336-2 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Social contexts in adolescent smoking: does school policy matter?
Piontek, D., Buehler, A., Rudolph, U., Metz, K., Kroeger, C., Gradl, S., Floeter, S., & Donath, C. (2007) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/cym063 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Wisdom is a social-ecological rather than person-centric phenomenon
Grossmann, I., Dorfman, A., & Oakes, H. (2020) · Current Opinion in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.07.010 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Contextual correlates of loneliness in adolescents
Bayat, N., Fokkema, T., Mujakovic, S., & Ruiter, R. A. C. (2021) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2021.106083 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Henzler, D., Schmidt, S., Koçar, A., Herdegen, S., Lindinger, G. L., Maris, M. T., Bak, M. A. R., Willems, D. L., Tan, H. L., Lauerer, M., et al. (2025) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-025-12664-2 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
“The facilitating and hindering factors are categorized and analyzed using the socio-ecological model as a reference framework developed by Urie Bronfenbrenner [23].”
- Authors
- Bronfenbrenner, U.
- Affiliations
- Cornell University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bronfenbrenner, Urie
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 1977-07
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 513-531
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W2103066851
- Cited by
- 10,853
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 762 · 2025: 972 · 2024: 867 · 2023: 789 · 2022: 756 · 2021: 677 · 2020: 719 · 2019: 510 · 2018: 447 · 2017: 416 · 2016: 384 · 2015: 417 · 2014: 381 · 2013: 305 · 2012: 276
- FWCI
- 46.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Psychology of Development and Education
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Ego Development and Educational Practices
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Keywords
- human development, experimental ecology, person-environment interaction, lifespan development, systems approach, naturalistic experiment, social environment, developmental research methodology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
