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The Role of Spirituality in the Relationship Between Religiosity and Depression in Prostate Cancer Patients
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE: This study aims to develop a theoretical framework of the relationship among religiosity, spirituality, and depression, potentially explaining the often mixed and inconsistent associations between religiosity and depression. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 367 men (average age of 66 +/- 9 years) with prostate cancer completed measures of religiosity (extrinsic/intrinsic), spirituality (Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Spiritual Well-Being Scale), quality of life (FACT-G), and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). RESULTS: There was a small relationship between intrinsic religiosity and depression (r = -0.23, p < 0.05) but a strong association between spirituality and depression (r = -0.58, p < 0.01). Using a mediation model, the meaning/peace subscale of the spirituality measure mediated the relationship between intrinsic religiosity and depression. This model controlled for age, marital status, stage of disease, time since diagnosis, hormone therapy, quality of life, and anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: When examining religiosity and spirituality, the main component that may help reduce depression is a sense of meaning and peace. These results highlight the potential importance of developing a patient's sense of meaning through activities/interventions (not exclusive to religious involvement) to achieve this goal.
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“This validated measure has been widely employed in studies with cancer patients and survivors (e.g., [86, 87]) to assess a sense of meaning and purpose that is not specific to any particular religious or spiritual orientation.”
From A randomized controlled trial of a group acceptance-based intervention for cancer survivors experiencing anxiety at re-entry ('Valued Living'): Study protocol (2019) · cites this paper as [86]
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“Among cancer populations, this validated measure shows good psychometrics (α = 0.84-0.87, good convergent and divergent validity) and has been widely employed (e.g., [60, 61]) to assess a sense of meaning and purpose that is not specific to any particular religious or spiritual orientation.”
From A randomized controlled trial of a multi-modal palliative care intervention to promote advance care planning and psychological well-being among adults with advanced cancer: study protocol. (2022) · cites this paper as [60]
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- Nelson CJ, Holland J, Roth AJ. Assessing depression in geriatric cancer patients: Do we have appropriate measures? Abstract to be Presented at the Annual Conference of the American Psych-Oncology Society. Irvine, CA, 2008.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Nelson, C., Jacobson, C. M., Weinberger, M. I., Bhaskaran, V., Rosenfeld, B., Breitbart, W., & Roth, A. J.
- Affiliations
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nelson, Christian
- Venue
- Annals of Behavioral Medicine
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2009-10
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 105-114
- ISSN
- 0742-5554 (ISSN-L)
- 0883-6612
- 1532-4796
- PMC
- PMC2877207
- OpenAlex
- W2123753626
- Cited by
- 118
- References
- 76
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 10.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Annals of Behavioral Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH073553)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Workplace Spirituality and Leadership
- Keywords
- spirituality, religiosity, depression, prostate cancer, intrinsic religiosity, extrinsic religiosity, meaning in life, peace, spiritual well-being, mediation, quality of life, anxiety, hormone therapy
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personal Satisfaction, Prostatic Neoplasms, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Quality of Life, Surveys and Questionnaires, Religion, Spirituality
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