The Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Psychological Distress and Cognitive Functioning in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis: a Pilot Study
Open accessAbstract
Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) often suffer from psychological distress and cognitive dysfunctioning. These factors negatively impact the health-related quality of life. Only recently behavioral therapeutic approaches are being used to treat psychological distress in MS. The aim of the present pilot study was not only to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on psychological distress but also to explore whether it can improve cognitive functioning among patients with MS. Outpatients of the MS Center of the Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc) were invited to participate in an MBSR training. Psychological and cognitive measures were administered pre- and post-intervention. Twenty-five MS patients completed the MBSR training and psychological measures, of which 16 patients completed the cognitive tests. Significant improvements were found in depressive symptoms, quality of life, fatigue, mindfulness skills, and self-compassion. Of the cognitive tests, performance on a visual spatial processing test significantly improved after the intervention. Overall, this pilot study showed promising results of the effects of MBSR on reducing psychological distress, and it suggests MBSR might improve cognitive functioning in MS patients. Future randomized controlled trials should be conducted to confirm the possible effectiveness of MBSR-and its long-term effects-on psychological and cognitive functioning in MS patients.
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Mindfulness is a stress-buffering strategy that can reduce psychological distress, depression, pain and worry associated with living with chronic illness.
“Mindfulness has been implicated as a stress-buffering strategy which can reduce the psychological distress, depression, pain and worry associated with living with chronic illness [3–5].”
From Grieving a disrupted biography: an interpretative phenomenological analysis exploring barriers to the use of mindfulness after neurological injury or impairment (2021) · cites this paper as [3]
The Introduction (page unavailable) reports that mindfulness-based interventions may improve stress and depression, and cites trials reporting less pain and anxiety in patients with multiple sclerosis. The Discussion (page unavailable) reports reduced depressive symptoms and psychological distress after MBSR in the pilot study. The paper does not specifically report reduced worry or establish these effects across chronic illnesses generally. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPsychological barriers are held in tension with a research base suggesting mindfulness may enhance quality-of-life variables including reduced stress, fatigue, depression and anxiety, and enhanced resilience and self-compassion.
“These psychological barriers are held in tension with the clear research base suggesting that mindfulness may enhance variables associated with quality of life, from reduced stress [9], fatigue [3], depression and anxiety [8], to enhanced resilience [23] and self-compassion [24].”
Of the three studies on mindfulness-based stress reduction programmes, two showed a significant increase in quality of life after treatment.
“Of the three studies on mindfulness-based stress reduction programmes, two showed a significant increase in QoL after treatment.107–109”
From Quality of life in adults with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as [108]
Three of four studies of mindfulness-based approaches and a community-based intervention directed at stress reduction showed some kind of improvement in quality of life, including the only study with a control group.
“A variety of mindfulness-based approaches107–109 and a community-based intervention were directed at stress reduction.110 Three of the four studies showed some kind of improvement in QoL, including the only study with a control group.”
From Quality of life in adults with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review (2020) · cites this paper as [108]
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Dhatrak, S. S., Pardeshi, S. C., Avhad, A. A., Dhonnar, M. D., Pache, M. M., & Darekar, A. B. (2026) · Asian Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.52711/2231-5659.2026.00058
- Authors
- Blankespoor, R. J., Schellekens, M. P. J., Vos, S. H., Speckens, A. E. M., & de Jong, B. A.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Medical Center (NL)
- Venue
- Mindfulness
- Published
- 2017-03-28
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1251-1258
- ISSN
- 1868-8527 (ISSN-L)
- 1868-8535
- PMC
- PMC5605592
- OpenAlex
- W2603250200
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 13.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Mindfulness (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- VU University Medical Center (VUmc)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Keywords
- mindfulness-based stress reduction, multiple sclerosis, psychological distress, cognitive function, depressive symptoms, quality of life, fatigue, mindfulness skills, self-compassion, visuospatial processing, behavior therapy
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