A Comparison of the Energetic Cost of Running in Marathon Racing Shoes
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Reducing the energetic cost of running seems the most feasible path to a sub-2-hour marathon. Footwear mass, cushioning, and bending stiffness each affect the energetic cost of running. Recently, prototype running shoes were developed that combine a new highly compliant and resilient midsole material with a stiff embedded plate. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine if, and to what extent, these newly developed running shoes reduce the energetic cost of running compared with established marathon racing shoes. METHODS: 18 high-caliber athletes ran six 5-min trials (three shoes × two replicates) in prototype shoes (NP), and two established marathon shoes (NS and AB) during three separate sessions: 14, 16, and 18 km/h. We measured submaximal oxygen uptake and carbon dioxide production during minutes 3-5 and averaged energetic cost (W/kg) for the two trials in each shoe model. RESULTS: Compared with the established racing shoes, the new shoes reduced the energetic cost of running in all 18 subjects tested. Averaged across all three velocities, the energetic cost for running in the NP shoes (16.45 ± 0.89 W/kg; mean ± SD) was 4.16 and 4.01% lower than in the NS and AB shoes, when shoe mass was matched (17.16 ± 0.92 and 17.14 ± 0.97 W/kg, respectively, both p < 0.001). The observed percent changes were independent of running velocity (14-18 km/h). CONCLUSION: The prototype shoes lowered the energetic cost of running by 4% on average. We predict that with these shoes, top athletes could run substantially faster and achieve the first sub-2-hour marathon.
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New shoe technology achieves a 4% mean reduction in the oxygen cost of running.
“which achieves a 4% mean reduction in the oxygen cost of running [72].”
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Beck, O. N., Golyski, P. R., & Sawicki, G. S. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-74097-7 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
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“shyn, 2006)), running speeds (Group 1 (Barnes & Kilding, 2019; Flores, Le Gendre, Rao, Berton, & Delattre, 2019; Hoogkamer et al., 2018; Roy & Stefanyshyn, 2006), ∼14km·h, Group 2 (Barnes & Kilding, 2019; Hébert-Losier et al.”
InfluentialHébert‐Losier, K., & Pamment, M. (2022) · Sports Biomechanics · doi:10.1080/14763141.2022.2110512 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
“In 2017, Hoogkamer et al. (2017) proposed that shoe design could contribute to a sub 2-hour marathon performance, which Eliud Kipchoge achieved as part of the INEOS 1:59 Challenge.”
BackgroundFlores, N., Delattre, N., Berton, É., & Rao, G. (2018) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-018-4038-1 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Joyner, M. J., Hunter, S. K., Lucía, A., & JONES, A. M. (2020) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00793.2019 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Shoe feature recommendations for different running levels: A Delphi study
Honert, E. C., Mohr, M., Lam, W., & Nigg, S. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0236047 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Influence of Shoe Mass on Performance and Running Economy in Trained Runners
Rodrigo‐Carranza, V., González‐Mohíno, F., Santos‐Concejero, J., & González‐Ravé, J. M. (2020) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.573660 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
“Some of these factors can be changed chronically through training (Barnes and Kilding, 2015), whereas others can be modified acutely through interventions such as changes in footwear (Hoogkamer et al., 2018).”
BackgroundHoitz, F., Mohr, M., Asmussen, M. J., Lam, W., Nigg, S., & Nigg, B. M. (2020) · Footwear Science · doi:10.1080/19424280.2020.1773936 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Gearing Up the Human Ankle-Foot System to Reduce Energy Cost of Fast Walking
Ray, S. F., & Takahashi, K. Z. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-65626-5 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
“Our metabolic reductions are also greater than those achieved by Hoogkamer et al.18 (~4”
The implications of time on the ground on running economy: less is not always better
Lussiana, T., Patoz, A., Gindre, C., Mourot, L., & Hébert‐Losier, K. (2019) · Journal of Experimental Biology · doi:10.1242/jeb.192047 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Knopp, M. U., Muñiz-Pardos, B., Wackerhage, H., Schönfelder, M., Guppy, F. M., Pitsiladis, Y. P., & Ruiz, D. (2023) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-023-01816-1 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“26% benefit in energetic cost (W/kg) of the new advanced footwear technology versus flats [28].”
BackgroundDay, E. M., Alcantara, R. S., McGeehan, M. A., Grabowski, A. M., & Hahn, M. E. (2021) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110323 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Reusser, M., Sousa, C. V., Villiger, E., Cruz, J. R. A., Hill, L., Rosemann, T. J., Nikolaidis, P. Τ., & Knechtle, B. (2021) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2021.631237 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Whiting, C. S., Hoogkamer, W., & Kram, R. (2021) · Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2021.10.004 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“7 All 4 laboratory studies were performed on level treadmills or tracks.(4) 7 However, the”
MethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationČigoja, S., Asmussen, M. J., Firminger, C. R., Fletcher, J. R., Edwards, W. B., & Nigg, B. M. (2020) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-020-0241-9 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Human running performance from real-world big data
Thorsten Emig, A., & Peltonen, J. T. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18737-6 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Rodrigo‐Carranza, V., Hoogkamer, W., González‐Ravé, J. M., Muñoz, S. H., Serna‐Moreno, M. D. C., Gutiérrez, A. R., & González‐Mohíno, F. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.14526 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
“Hoogkamer et al. 10 analyzed the mechanical energy return of these three midsole materials, which was 66% for an EVA midsole with air bag, 76% for a thermoplastic polyurethane midsole, and 87% for a PEBA midsole.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialSelf-citationEffects of Highly Cushioned and Resilient Racing Shoes on Running Economy at Slower Running Speeds
Joubert, D. P., Dominy, T. A., & Burns, G. T. (2023) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2022-0227 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Bone Stress Injuries in Runners Using Carbon Fiber Plate Footwear
Tenforde, A. S., Hoenig, T., Saxena, A., & Hollander, K. (2023) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-023-01818-z · Cited by 45 · see citing works
“The mechanism for injury in each case cannot be determined due to limitations of a case report format and lack of studies to describe the changes in lower extremity biomechanics between forms of training and racing footwear in both sexes [5].”
BackgroundJiang, J., Liu, F., Chen, B., Li, Y., Yang, X., Tian, F., Xu, D., & Zhai, W. (2022) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2022.125244 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Falisse, A. M. D., Afschrift, M., & Groote, F. D. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0256311 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
“Our simulation results are in line with experimental observations during running where using shoe wear that increases foot stiffness reduces metabolic cost [40].”
ResultImpact of advanced footwear technology on elite men’s in the evolution of road race performance
Rodrigo‐Carranza, V., González‐Mohíno, F., Santos‐Concejero, J., & González‐Ravé, J. M. (2022) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2023.2183103 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Čigoja, S., Fletcher, J. R., & Nigg, B. M. (2021) · Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.jshs.2020.12.007 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Improving running economy through altered shoe bending stiffness across speeds
McLeod, A. R., Bruening, D. A., Johnson, A. W., Ward, J., & Hunter, I. (2020) · Footwear Science · doi:10.1080/19424280.2020.1734870 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“Moderate increases in longitudinal bending stiffness have been associated with a decrease in running metabolic energy cost (Fuller et al., 2015; Hoogkamer et al., 2017; Madden, Sakaguchi, Tomaras, Wannop, & Stefanyshyn, 2016; Oh & Park, 2017; Roy & Stefanyshyn, 2006).”
BackgroundRodrigo‐Carranza, V., González‐Mohíno, F., del Cerro, J. S., Santos‐Concejero, J., & González‐Ravé, J. M. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-01807-0 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Running Shoes of the Postmodern Footwear Era: A Narrative Overview of Advanced Footwear Technology
Burns, G. T., & Joubert, D. P. (2024) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2023-0446 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
“It was notable that the initial energy return values reported for the PEBA and EVA shoes were similar in the unused condition ( ∼ 75%), which is substantially lower than has been reported in other AFT models, 1,15 though, as the authors mention, PEBA foams are not necessarily all similar.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialBeck, O. N., Kipp, S., Byrnes, W. C., & Kram, R. (2018) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00940.2017 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Dyer, B. T. J. (2020) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-020-00250-1 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
The Relationship between Running Power and Running Economy in Well-Trained Distance Runners
Austin, C., Hokanson, J. F., McGinnis, P. M., & Patrick, S. (2018) · Sports · doi:10.3390/sports6040142 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Can We Quantify the Benefits of “Super Spikes” in Track Running?
Healey, L. A., Bertschy, M., Kipp, S., & Hoogkamer, W. (2022) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-022-01657-4 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
“While the spring function of the foam has been argued to be the major factor for the observed running economy improvements in the Vaporfly shoes [23, 32, 39], it has not yet been quantified for spikes.”
BackgroundSelf-citationThe Influence of Footwear Midsole Thickness on Running Economy and Frontal Plane Ankle Stability
Barrons, Z. B., Wannop, J. W., & Stefanyshyn, D. J. (2023) · Footwear Science · doi:10.1080/19424280.2023.2218321 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
“Reported to improve running economy of both elite and recreational runners (Hebert-Losier et al., 2022; Hoogkamer et al., 2018), the Vaporfly 4% combined three features that have since become ubiquitous with advanced footwear technology (AFT) or so called ‘super shoes’ (i.”
BackgroundRodrigo‐Carranza, V., Hoogkamer, W., Salinero, J. J., Rodríguez‐Barbero, S., González‐Ravé, J. M., & González‐Mohíno, F. (2023) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003254 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationTechnological advances in elite sport: Where does one draw the line?
Muñiz-Pardos, B., Bekele, K., Mayo, C., & Pitsiladis, Y. P. (2024) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00132.2024 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Hoogkamer, W., Snyder, K. L., & Arellano, C. J. (2018) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-018-0991-4 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationBrown, N., Deshpande, A., Garland, A. P., Pradeep, S. A., Fadel, G., Pilla, S., & Li, G. (2023) · Materials & Design · doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2023.112428 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Barrons, Z. B., Rodrigo‐Carranza, V., Bertschy, M., & Hoogkamer, W. (2024) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-023-01991-1 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“Here, we quantify the magnitude of error that can be incurred when relying on single-trial comparisons to identify differential responses to AFT, as demonstrated through a retrospective examination of data from a previously published study [3].”
Self-citationLin, S., Song, Y., Cen, X., Kovács, B., Fekete, G., & Sun, D. (2022) · Bioengineering · doi:10.3390/bioengineering9100497 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
“[29], by applying shoes with increased bending stiffness, all 18 tested participants have decreased the energetic cost of running.”
BackgroundHoogkamer, W. (2020) · Footwear Science · doi:10.1080/19424280.2019.1710579 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Self-citationToward a Robust Definition of Sport Sex
Handelsman, D. J. (2024) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnae013 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Physiological Resilience: What Is It and How Might It Be Trained?
JONES, A. M., & Kirby, B. S. (2025) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.70032 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
“It is known that the new running shoes can acutely improve running economy when measured in short running bouts [35, 36] and it is possible that the effect is even greater in a fatigued condition such as towards the end of a marathon.”
Running into Fatigue: The Effects of Footwear on Kinematics, Kinetics, and Energetics
Sanno, M., Epro, G., Brüggemann, G., & Willwacher, S. (2020) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002576 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Muñiz-Pardos, B., Sutehall, S., Gellaerts, J., Falbriard, M., Mariani, B., Bosch, A. N., Asrat, M., Schaible, J., & Pitsiladis, Y. P. (2018) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000550 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Ergogenic distance running shoes: how do we think they work and how can we understand them better?
Kram, R. (2022) · Footwear Science · doi:10.1080/19424280.2022.2127545 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Balsalobre‐Fernández, C., Romero‐Moraleda, B., Cupeiro, R., Peinado, A. B., Butragueño, J., & Benito, P. J. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0200517 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
How to run 50% faster without external energy
Sutrisno, A., & Braun, D. J. (2020) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aay1950 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“A spring in series with the legs can mitigate collisional energy losses but requires the legs to provide a large force to support the body, unlike the wheel of a bicycle (10, 13, 14).”
Miller, D. E., Tan, G. R., Farina, E. M., Sheets, A. L., & Collins, S. H. (2022) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-022-01023-5 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“Passive support, which leverages the compliance and resilience of materials to provide a metabolic benefit, have included the Nike Vaporfly marathon shoe (4% reduction) [10]; a passive elastic hip exosuit (5% reduction) [11]; a rubber band connected between the feet (6% reduction) [12]; a passive exo-tendon hip exoske…”
BackgroundMechanical Properties of Treadmill Surfaces Compared to Other Overground Sport Surfaces
Colino, E., Felipe, J. L., Hooren, B. V., Gallardo, L., Meijer, K., Lucía, A., Fernández, J. L., & García‐Unanue, J. (2020) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s20143822 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The Nike Vaporfly 4%: a game changer to improve performance without biomechanical explanation yet
Patoz, A., Lussiana, T., Breine, B., & Gindre, C. (2022) · Footwear Science · doi:10.1080/19424280.2022.2077844 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
“adaptations, which were, if any, small (Barnes & Kilding, 2019; Hoogkamer et al., 2018; 2019; Hunter et al., 2019).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialEffects of Ketone Bodies on Endurance Exercise
Sansone, M., Sansone, A., Borrione, P., Romanelli, F., Luigi, L. D., & Sgrò, P. (2018) · Current Sports Medicine Reports · doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000542 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Alsenoy, K. K. V., van der Linden, M. L., Girard, O., & Santos, D. (2021) · European Journal of Sport Science · doi:10.1080/17461391.2021.1998642 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Highly Cushioned Shoes Improve Running Performance in Both the Absence and Presence of Muscle Damage
Black, M. I., Kranen, S. H., Kadach, S., Vanhatalo, A., Winn, B., Farina, E. M., Kirby, B. S., & Jones, A. M. (2021) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002832 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
“Similar to the findings of the present study, this effect was independent of running speed (23).”
ResultA Design Space of Sports Interaction Technology
Postma, D. B. W., van Delden, R. W., Koekoek, J., Walinga, W. W., van Hilvoorde, I. M., van Beijnum, B.-J. F., Salim, F. A., & Reidsma, D. (2022) · Foundations and Trends® in Human–Computer Interaction · doi:10.1561/1100000087 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Dynamic angular stiffness about the metatarsophalangeal joint increases with running speed
Day, E. M., & Hahn, M. E. (2019) · Human Movement Science · doi:10.1016/j.humov.2019.102501 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Optimizing running a race on a curved track
Aftalion, A., & Martinon, P. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0221572 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“Because the runner has a limited capacity, the propulsive force is bounded from above by a constant f M , that is Typical values for f M range from 13 for a sprint at the world level [19] to 5 for a marathon [20].”
BackgroundChen, H., Shao, E., Sun, D., Xuan, R., Baker, J. S., & Gu, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2022.907016 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“In addition, other kinematic and kinetic data have been shown to correlate with energy expenditure while running (Hoogkamer et al., 2018).”
BackgroundMai, P., Robertz, L., Robbin, J., Bill, K., Weir, G., Kurz, M., Trudeau, M. B., Hollander, K., Hamill, J., & Willwacher, S. (2023) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-023-00760-x · Cited by 25 · see citing works
“On the contrary, a reduction in GRF braking impulse in footwear with higher bending stiffness was found in one study [134].”
BackgroundThe metabolic cost of emulated aerodynamic drag forces in marathon running
da Silva, E. S., Kram, R., & Hoogkamer, W. (2022) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00086.2022 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Effect of EVA and TPU Custom Foot Orthoses on Running Economy, Running Mechanics, and Comfort
Alsenoy, K. K. V., Ryu, J. H., & Girard, O. (2019) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2019.00034 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“Controlling kinetic and kinematic responses (dose-response) across a group of participants hasn’t been investigated previously (Griffiths and Spooner, 2018; Hoogkamer et al., 2018).”
BackgroundChollet, M., Michelet, S., Horvais, N., Pavailler, S., & Giandolini, M. (2022) · European Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1007/s00421-022-05060-9 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
MARTINEZ, E., Hoogkamer, W., Powell, D. W., & Paquette, M. R. (2024) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003411 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
“The improved RE is consistent with previous findings that “ super shoes ” improve RE compared with traditional shoes (23) or racing flats (6,7) in both men and women.”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialSelf-citationHighlighting the present state of biomechanics in shoe research (2000–2023)
Nigg, B. M., Nigg, S., Hoitz, F., Subramanium, A., Vienneau, J., Wannop, J. W., Khassetarash, A., Alizadeh, S., Matijevich, E., Honert, E. C., et al. (2023) · Footwear Science · doi:10.1080/19424280.2023.2209044 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“The first published work on the prototype of the Vaporfly demonstrated a remarkable 4% average improvement in running economy compared to then-record holding marathon shoe (Adios BOOST 2; (Hoogkamer et al., 2018)).”
BackgroundEnergy return in footwear – revisited
Shorten, M. R. (2024) · Footwear Science · doi:10.1080/19424280.2024.2369995 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“Hoogkamer et al. (2018) reported energy return (in Joules) for the NP shoe was more than double that of the NS and AB control conditions.”
InfluentialDay, E. M., & Hahn, M. E. (2019) · Journal of Sports Sciences · doi:10.1080/02640414.2019.1661562 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
“Stiffer footwear has also been shown to potentially improve RE (Hoogkamer et al., 2017; Madden et al., 2015; Oh & Park, 2017; Roy & Stefanyshyn, 2006), a measure of the volume of oxygen required to run at a given velocity collected via expiratory gas, and a predictor of distance running performance (Daniels, 1985; Hoo…”
BackgroundInfluentialMatijevich, E., Honert, E. C., Fan, Y., Lam, G., & Nigg, B. M. (2022) · Journal of Biomechanics · doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111217 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Hunter, I., Bradshaw, C., McLeod, A. R., Ward, J., & Standifird, T. W. (2022) · Journal of Sports Science and Medicine · doi:10.52082/jssm.2022.127 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Research on a recently popular racing shoe suggested that the energy savings caused by the shoe may be greater for rearfoot striking than midfoot striking runners (Hoogkamer et al., 2018).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialEffect of Shoe and Surface Stiffness on Lower Limb Tendon Strain in Jumping
Firminger, C. R., Bruce, O. L., Wannop, J. W., Stefanyshyn, D. J., & Edwards, W. B. (2019) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002004 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Previous research has shown that increased shoe bending stiffness can significantly improve jump height (40) and running economy (43); however, our results illustrate that these performance gains may come at the expense of increased Achilles tendinopathy risk.”
ResultMason, J., Starc, L. C., Morin, J.-B., McClelland, E. L., & Zech, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2024.1386627 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
“Most recently, Martinez and colleagues (38) reported metabolic power improvements of 4.2% and running economy improvements of 3.9% when trained female runners ran in AFT compared to control shoes, which is consistent with fi ndings in males (15).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialThe future of footwear biomechanics research
Willwacher, S., & Weir, G. (2023) · Footwear Science · doi:10.1080/19424280.2023.2199011 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Postma, D. B. W., van Delden, R. W., & van Hilvoorde, I. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2022.899613 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
“With the introduction of the Nike Alpha Fly shoes, Nike created a shoe that was able to reduce the overall metabolic cost in running by 4% (Hoogkamer et al., 2018).”
MethodRuiz‐Alias, S. A., Molina‐Molina, A., Soto-Hermoso, V. M., & García‐Pinillos, F. (2022) · Sports Biomechanics · doi:10.1080/14763141.2022.2089589 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Paradisis, G. P., Zacharogiannis, E. G., Bissas, A., & Hanley, B. (2023) · International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance · doi:10.1123/ijspp.2023-0115 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Rodrigo‐Carranza, V., Hoogkamer, W., González‐Ravé, J. M., & González‐Mohíno, F. (2024) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.14687 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Hoogkamer, W., Kipp, S., Frank, J. H., Farina, E. M., Luo, G., & Kram, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- Nike (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hoogkamer, Wouter
- Venue
- Sports Medicine
- Published
- 2017-11-16
- Volume
- 48
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1009-1019
- ISSN
- 0112-1642 (ISSN-L)
- 1179-2035
- PMC
- PMC5856879
- OpenAlex
- W2770125989
- Cited by
- 434
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 58 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 12
- FWCI
- 10.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2017-12-16)
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Sports Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- NIKE
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lower Extremity Biomechanics and Pathologies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics
- Keywords
- running shoes, submaximal oxygen uptake, CO2 emissions, running speed
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Altitude, Biomechanical Phenomena, Energy Metabolism, Humans, Male, Running, Shoes, Young Adult, Athletes
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