Cited by 221Stress Responses and CortisolAdrenal Hormones and DisordersTreatment of Major Depression

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Serial assessment of corticotropin-releasing hormone response after dexamethasone in depression Implications for pathophysiology of DST nonsuppression

Holsboer, F., von Bardeleben, U., Wiedemann, K., Müller, O.A., Stalla, G.K.·1987·Biological Psychiatry

DOI 10.1016/0006-3223(87)90237-x

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Characterization of a 41-Residue Ovine Hypothalamic Peptide That Stimulates Secretion of Corticotropin and β-Endorphin
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Characterization of a 41-Residue Ovine Hypothalamic Peptide that Stimulates Secretion of Corticotropin and β-Endorphin
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Isolation and sequence analysis of the human corticotropin‐releasing factor precursor gene.
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Combined administration of human corticotropin-releasing factor and lysine vasopressin induces cortisol escape from dexamethasone suppression in healthy subjects
von Bardeleben, U., Holsboer, F., Stalla, G. K., & Müller, O. A. (1985) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/0024-3205(85)90480-1 · Cited by 153
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Human corticotropin-releasing hormone in depression—correlation with thyrotropin secretion following thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Holsboer, F., Gerken, A., von Bardeleben, U., Grimm, W., Beyer, H., Müller, O. A., & Stalla, G. K. (1986) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(86)90121-6 · Cited by 126
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Holsboer, F. (2000) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0893-133x(00)00159-7 · Cited by 2,181
“The combined dex/CRH test proved particularly useful as a predictor of increased risk for relapse (Holsboer et al. 1987; Holsboer-Trachsler et al. 1994; Heuser et al. 1996; Zobel et al. 1999).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Antidepressants and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenocortical Regulation
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“Previous studies, including ours, showed hyperactivity of the HPA axis in depressive patients (Holsboer et al., 1987; Kunugi et al., 2006), implicating glucocorticoids, the final output of the HPA axis, in the depression.”
Result
The combined dexamethasone/CRH test: A refined laboratory test for psychiatric disorders
Heuser, I., Yassouridis, A., & Holsboer, F. (1994) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(94)90017-5 · Cited by 662
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Antidepressants recruit new neurons to improve stress response regulation
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“Reports of enlarged adrenal glands (169,170), and impaired negative feedback in depressed patients (171,172) have led to the theory that the level of impairment is at the GR-dependent negative feedback, either centrally or the level of pituitary.”
Background
Penetration of Dexamethasone into Brain Glucocorticoid Targets Is Enhanced in mdr1A P-Glycoprotein Knockout Mice
Meijer, O. C., de Lange, E. C. M., Breimer, D. D., de Boer, A. G., Workel, J. O., & de Kloet, E. R. (1998) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.139.4.5917 · Cited by 375
“Through depletion of the brain corticosteroids, dexamethasone is thought to amplify the CRH hyperdrive characteristic for these patients (29).”
Background
Hypercortisolemia and depression
Gillespie, C. F., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2005) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.psy.0000163456.22154.d2 · Cited by 361
“(25,26) developed a more sensitive variant of the CRF stimulation test in which patients are pretreated with oral dexamethasone (1 mg) at 2300 hours and given a 100- g infusion of CRF on the following day.”
Background
Cortisol response in the combined dexamethasone/CRH test as predictor of relapse in patients with remitted depression
Zobel, A. W., Nickel, T., Sonntag, A., Uhr, M., Holsboer, F., & Ising, M. (2001) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3956(01)00013-9 · Cited by 354
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Combined Dexamethasone/Corticotropin Releasing Hormone Test Predicts Treatment Response in Major Depression–A Potential Biomarker?
Ising, M., Horstmann, S., Kloiber, S., Lucae, S., Binder, E. B., Kern, N., Künzel, H. E., Pfennig, A., Uhr, M., & Holsboer, F. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.07.039 · Cited by 341
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“Similar findings of increased relapse with persistent HPA axis dysregulation have recently been reported both in depressed and bipolar patients using the combined dexamethasone suppression/corticotropin releasing hormone (DEX/CRH) challenge test (Holsboer et al. 1987; Holsboer-Trachsler 1991; Holsboer-Trachsler et al.…”
Method
Vasopressin and the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function: Implications for the pathophysiology of depression
Scott, L. V., & Dinan, T. G. (1998) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(98)00027-7 · Cited by 285
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The combined dexamethasone/CRH test as a potential surrogate marker in depression
Ising, M., Kunzel, H. E., Binder, E. B., Nickel, T., Modell, S., & Holsboer, F. (2005) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2005.03.014 · Cited by 275
“Elevated plasma cortisol responses to the combined dex/ CRH test could be observed in most studies with patients during an acute major depressive episode (Holsboer et al., 1987; von Bardeleben and Holsboer, 1989, 1991; HolsboerTrachsler et al., 1991; Heuser et al., 1994, 1996; Modell et al., 1997; Kunugi et al., 2004).”
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“depressed patients show an increased cortisol release compared with controls (Holsboer et al. 1987; von Bardeleben and Holsboer 1989).”
Background
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“Subsequently, a refined laboratory test that combines the DST and corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) challenge, the DEX/CRH test, has been introduced (Holsboer et al, 1987; von Bardeleben and Holsboer, 1989).”
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“This test has been shown to better discriminate depressive patients from healthy people compared to the original DST.10,21–23 Using the DEX/ CRH test, abnormalities in HPA axis function in several other psychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder, panic disorder and personality disorders, have also been reported.2…”
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“A potentially more sensitive measure to study negative feedback regulation of the HPA-axis is the combined dexamethasone/corticotropin-releasing hormone (Dex/CRH) test, originally developed by Holsboer et al. (1987).”
Background
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“Stress-relateddisordersare associated with dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)axis,manifestedasabnormaladrenalglucocorticoid(GC)secretion and disrupted hormone feedback loops (Nemeroff et al., 1984; Holsboer et al., 1987).”
Background
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“In a sample of four depressed patients, we noted a different response behaviour as cortisol and ACTH were substantially released following hCRH despite dexamethasone pretreatment (23).”
BackgroundResultSelf-citation
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Pompili, M., Serafini, G., Innamorati, M., Möller-Leimkühler, A. M., Giupponi, G., Girardi, P., Tatarelli, R., & Lester, D. (2010) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-010-0108-z · Cited by 164
“Disturbances in the HPA system measured with the DST test and dexamethasone/CRH test [95, 96] have been”
Method
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“In healthy subjects ACTH and cortisol release in response to an intravenous infusion of CRF is suppressed by prior administration of dexamethasone [37, 38].”
Background
Combined dexamethasone/corticotropin-releasing hormone test in patients with schizophrenia and in normal controls: II
Lammers, C.-H., Garcı́a-Borreguero, D., Schmider, J., Gotthardt, U., Dettling, M., Holsboer, F., & Heuser, I. J. E. (1995) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(95)00065-8 · Cited by 153
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Holsboer, F. (1989) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/bf00449812 · Cited by 144
Self-citation
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Kunzel, H. E., Binder, E. B., Nickel, T., Ising, M., Fuchs, B., Majer, M., Pfennig, A., Ernst, G., Kern, N., Schmid, D. A., et al. (2003) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300280 · Cited by 143
“Our data are also in agreement with data reported for the dexamethasone suppression test, which is comparable to the CORT1500 value (Holsboer et al, 1987).”
ResultSelf-citation
Adrenal steroid receptor activation in rat brain and pituitary following dexamethasone: Implications for the dexamethasone suppression test
Miller, A. H., Spencer, R. L., Pulera, M. R., Kang, S., McEwen, B. S., & Stein, M. (1992) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(92)90175-y · Cited by 143
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“Neuroendocrine function The Dex/CRH test has been used to assess HPA axis function in depressed patients [93].”
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“Using 0.5 mg and even 0.25 mg dexamethasone, more subtle differences in negative feedback were found related to specific genetic variants (see below). As an extension of the DST, the combined dexamethasone-CRH challenge was developed being a pharmacological test of reactivity of the HPA axis, which further magnifies d…”
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“Thus, HPA hyperactivity is often manifest in nonsuppression in the dexamethasone (DEX) suppression test, and blunted ACTH responses to CRH but increased ACTH responses to DEX + CRH (Heuser et al., 1994; Holsboer et al., 1987).”
BackgroundInfluential
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“The dexamethasone-corticotropin releasing hormone (DEX-CRH) test, a commonly used tool to detect HPA system changes, has been used to link depressive behavior with glucocorticoid receptor (GR) insensitivity [21].”
Method
Fetal Programming of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis: Low Birth Weight and Central HPA Regulation
Ward, A. M. V., Syddall, H. E., Wood, P. J., Chrousos, G. P., & Phillips, D. I. W. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2003-030978 · Cited by 122
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“The attenuated negative feedback inhibition can be most sensitively diagnosed with a neuroendocrine challenge test of the HPA axis, the combined dexamethasone (dex)/CRH test.(9) In this test, the stimulating effects of 100 μg intravenous human CRH upon ACTH and cortisol are examined under the suppressive action of 1.”
BackgroundSelf-citation
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Himmerich, H., Binder, E. B., Kunzel, H. E., Schuld, A., Lucae, S., Uhr, M., Pollmächer, T., Holsboer, F., & Ising, M. (2006) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.075 · Cited by 122
Self-citation
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“To further explore the putative changes in HPA axis reactivity in depressed patients, a combined dexamethasone–CRH test was developed by Florian Holsboer (Holsboer et al., 1987).”
Method
HPA-axis regulation at in-patient admission is associated with antidepressant therapy outcome in male but not in female depressed patients
Binder, E. B., Kunzel, H. E., Nickel, T., Kern, N., Pfennig, A., Majer, M., Uhr, M., Ising, M., & Holsboer, F. (2008) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.08.018 · Cited by 118
“This is supported by a series of studies using the Dex-suppression or Dex—CRH test, which all report that a normalization of these tests anticipates or parallels the clinical response to antidepressant treatment (Holsboer et al., 1987; Holsboer-Trachsler et al., 1991; Heuser et al., 1996; Zobel et al., 1999,2001; Nick…”
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Sleep deprivation and bright light as potential augmenters of antidepressant drug treatment—Neurobiological and psychometric assessment of course
Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., Hemmeter, U., Hatzinger, M., Seifritz, E., Gerhard, U., & Hobi, V. (1994) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(94)90020-5 · Cited by 113
On the role of corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors in anxiety and depression
Reul, J. M. H. M., & Holsboer, F. (2002) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2002.4.1/jreul · Cited by 103
Self-citation
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system function in patients with alzheimer's disease
Hatzinger, M., Z'Brun, A., Hemmeter, U., Seifritz, E., Baumann, F., Holsboer‐Trachsler, E., & Heuser, I. J. E. (1995) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/0197-4580(94)00159-6 · Cited by 103
Impairment of inhibitory control of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical system in epilepsy
Zobel, A. W., Wellmer, J., Schulze‐Rauschenbach, S., Pfeiffer, U., Schnell, S., Elger, C. E., & Maier, W. (2004) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-004-0499-9 · Cited by 97
Effect of age on the cortisol response to human corticotropin-releasing hormone in depressed patients pretreated with dexamethasone
von Bardeleben, U., & Holsboer, F. (1991) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(91)90360-x · Cited by 94
Self-citation
The combined DEX-CRH test in treatment course and long-term outcome of major depression
Hatzinger, M., Hemmeter, U., Baumann, K., Brand, S., & Holsboer‐Trachsler, E. (2002) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3956(02)00021-3 · Cited by 90
Multidimensional anatomy of ‘modern type depression’ in Japan: A proposal for a different diagnostic approach to depression beyond the DSM‐5
Kato, T. A., Hashimoto, R., Hayakawa, K., Kubo, H., Watabe, M., Teo, A. R., & Kanba, S. (2016) · Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences · doi:10.1111/pcn.12360 · Cited by 86
“A number of studies using the dexamethasone (DEX)/corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) test have been conducted for the assessment of HPA axis function in patients with depression, while these outcomes have been inconsistent.(57) The inconsistency may result from the heterogeneity of depression.”
Background
Differential Effects of Chronic Antidepressant Treatment on Swim Stress- and Fluoxetine-Induced Secretion of Corticosterone and Progesterone
Duncan, G. E., Knapp, D. J., Carson, S. W., & Breese, G. R. (1998) · Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3565(24)37467-1 · Cited by 78
“Chronic administration of fluoxetine, tricyclic antidepressants and MAO inhibitors has been shown to reduce the expression of mRNA for CRF in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (Brady et al., 1991, 1992).”
Influential
Neurobiological trait abnormalities in bipolar disorder
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Human CRH stimulation response during acute withdrawal and after medium-term abstention from alcohol abuse
von Bardeleben, U., Heuser, I., & Holsboer, F. (1989) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/0306-4530(89)90043-7 · Cited by 76
Self-citation
Dendritic Morphology of Hippocampal and Amygdalar Neurons in Adolescent Mice Is Resilient to Genetic Differences in Stress Reactivity
Pillai, A. G., de Jong-Bolm, D., Kanatsou, S., Krugers, H. J., Knapman, A., Heinzmann, J.-M., Holsboer, F., Landgraf, R., Joëls, M., & Touma, C. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038971 · Cited by 75
Self-citation
Implications of altered limbic‐hypothalamicpituitary‐adrenocortical (LHPA)‐function for neurobiology of depression
Holsboer, F. (1988) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1988.tb08556.x · Cited by 73
Self-citation
Relationships between psychological distress, coping styles, and HPA axis reactivity in healthy adults
Hori, H., Ozeki, Y., Teraishi, T., Matsuo, J., Kawamoto, Y., Kinoshita, Y., Suto, S., Terada, S., Higuchi, T., & Kunugi, H. (2010) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.02.007 · Cited by 75
“All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2010.02.007 Holsboer et al., 1987).”
Influential
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis: Is it the alpha and omega of antidepressant action?
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Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning as predictor of antidepressant response - meta-analysis
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Dex/CRH test cortisol response in outpatients with major depression and matched healthy controls
Carpenter, L. L., Ross, N. S., Tyrka, A. R., Anderson, G. M., Kelly, M., & Price, L. H. (2009) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2009.03.009 · Cited by 70
Association of IL-6, Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Function, and Depression in Patients With Cancer
Jehn, C. F., Kühnhardt, D., Bartholomae, A., Pfeiffer, S., Schmid, P., Possinger, K., Flath, B. C., & Lüftner, D. (2010) · Integrative Cancer Therapies · doi:10.1177/1534735410370036 · Cited by 70
The oCRH stimulation test before and after clinical recovery from depression
Amsterdam, J. D., Maislin, G., Winokur, A., Berwish, N. J., Kling, M. A., & Gold, P. W. (1988) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(88)90037-7 · Cited by 70
The DEX/CRH neuroendocrine test and the prediction of depressive relapse in remitted depressed outpatients
Aubry, J., Gervasoni, N., Osiek, C., Perret, G., Rossier, M. F., Bertschy, G., & Bondolfi, G. (2006) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.07.007 · Cited by 69
“to enhance ACTH and cortisol responses (Holsboer et al., 1987; von Bardeleben and Holsboer, 1989).”
Method
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Self-citation
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Combined DEX/CRH test among Japanese patients with major depression
Kunugi, H., Urushibara, T., & Nanko, S. (2003) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3956(03)00103-1 · Cited by 65
“Subsequently, a refined laboratory test that combines the DST and corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) challenge, the DEX/CRH test, has been introduced (Holsboer et al., 1987; von Bardeleben & Holsboer, 1989).”
Method
The concept of post-traumatic mood disorder
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The Effect of Physical Exercise on Cognitive Impairment in Neurodegenerative Disease: From Pathophysiology to Clinical and Rehabilitative Aspects
Farì, G., Lunetti, P., Pignatelli, G., Raele, M. V., Cera, A., Mintrone, G., Ranieri, M., Megna, M., & Capobianco, L. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms222111632 · Cited by 64
“The impairment of the HPA axis and the corresponding increase in basal cortisol may be attributed to advancing age and the process of hippocampal destruction, which is typical of neurodegenerative diseases [51].”
Background
Genetic modification of corticosteroid receptor signalling: Novel insights into pathophysiology and treatment strategies of human affective disorders
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Self-citation
Age-dependent reduction of amygdala volume in bipolar disorder
Doty, T. J., Payne, M. E., Steffens, D. C., Beyer, J. L., Krishnan, K., & LaBar, K. S. (2008) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2007.08.003 · Cited by 57
“Both unipolar and bipolar disorder are associated with disruption of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis and increased basal cortisol levels, regardless of the current mood state of the patient (Holsboer et al., 1987; Cervantes et al., 2001).”
Acculturation and mental distress among Russian and Iranian migrants in Germany
Haasen, C., Demiralay, C., & Reimer, J. (2008) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(08)70056-7 · Cited by 51
“This malfunction of stress adaptive mechanisms has been shown to be related to the pathophysiology of depression [26,13,12,4,6].”
Background
Human corticotropin releasing hormone: Clinical studies in patients with affective disorders, alcoholism, panic disorder and in normal controls
von Bardeleben, U., & Holsboer, F. (1988) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0278-5846(88)90079-6 · Cited by 45
Self-citation
Suppressive effect of mirtazapine on the HPA system in acutely depressed women seems to be transient and not related to antidepressant action
Horstmann, S., Dose, T., Lucae, S., Kloiber, S., Menke, A., Hennings, J., Spieler, D., Uhr, M., Holsboer, F., & Ising, M. (2009) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2008.09.004 · Cited by 44
“The combined dexamethasone (dex)/corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) test is to date the most sensitive neuroendocrine function test to pickup HPA axis dysregulation (Holsboer et al., 1987; Heuser et al., 1994a; Ising et al., 2005).”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Electroencephalographic Sleep and Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal Changes from Episode to Recovery in Depressed Adolescents
Rao, U., & Poland, R. E. (2008) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1089/cap.2008.034 · Cited by 46
“Nonnormalization of the HPA activity might be associated with an early relapse of depressive episode (Targum 1983; Holsboer et al. 1987; Charles et al. 1989; Cosgriff et al. 1990).”
The Munich vulnerability study on affective disorders: overview of the cross-sectional observations at index investigation
Lauer, C. J., Schreiber, W., Modell, S., Holsboer, F., & Krieg, J. C. (1998) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3956(98)00026-0 · Cited by 45
Self-citation
Combined Dexamethasone Suppression-Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation Test in Studies of Depression, Alcoholism, and Suicidal Behavior
Sher, L. (2006) · The Scientific World JOURNAL · doi:10.1100/tsw.2006.251 · Cited by 42
“Normalization of the DEX-CRH test was shown to anticipate or parallel response to antidepressant treatment[43,46,47,48].”
Result
Handbook of depression and anxiety
Kasper, S. F., den Boer, J. A., & Sitsen, J. M. A. (2003) · M. Dekker eBooks · Cited by 43
The differential ACTH responses to combined dexamethasone/CRH administration in major depressive and dysthymic disorders
Oshima, A., Yamashita, S., Owashi, T., Murata, T., Tadokoro, C., Miyaoka, H., Kamijima, K., & Higuchi, T. (2000) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3956(00)00021-2 · Cited by 42
Cortisol responses to combined dexamethasone/CRH test in outpatients with a major depressive episode
Gervasoni, N., Bertschy, G., Osiek, C., Perret, G., Denis, R., Golaz, J., Rossier, M. F., Bondolfi, G., & Aubry, J.-M. (2004) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2004.04.008 · Cited by 41
Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis Function in Elderly Endurance Athletes
Heuser, I. J. E., Wark, H.-J., Keul, J., & HOLSBOER, F. (1991) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem-73-3-485 · Cited by 44
Self-citation
Dopaminergic function and the cortisol response to dexamethasone in psychotic depression
Duval, F., Mokrani, M., Crocq, M., Bailey, P., Diep, T. S., Corrêa, H., & Macher, J. P. (2000) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0278-5846(99)00098-6 · Cited by 40
Emotional exhaustion and overcommitment to work are differentially associated with hypothalamus–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis responses to a low-dose ACTH 1–24 (Synacthen) and dexamethasone–CRH test in healthy school teachers
Wolfram, M., Bellingrath, S., Feuerhahn, N., & Kudielka, B. M. (2012) · Stress · doi:10.3109/10253890.2012.683465 · Cited by 42
“Compared to the DST, a superior sensitivity in the detection of HPA axis alterations in psychiatric conditions has been demonstrated for the combined dexamethasone–corticotropin releasing hormone test (DEX–CRH test; Holsboer et al. 1987; Heuser et al. 1994).”
Method
Changes in the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis and Leptin Levels during Antidepressant Treatment
Himmerich, H., Zimmermann, P., Ising, M., Kloiber, S. M., Lucae, S., Kunzel, H. E., Binder, E. B., Holsboer, F., & Uhr, M. (2007) · Neuropsychobiology · doi:10.1159/000103573 · Cited by 39
“Combined dex/CRH tests were performed as described in detail elsewhere [”
MethodSelf-citation
Genetically engineered mice for studies of stress-related clinical conditions
Müller, M. B., & Keck, M. E. (2002) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3956(01)00049-8 · Cited by 38
Modeling psychotic and cognitive symptoms of affective disorders: Disrupted latent inhibition and reversal learning deficits in highly stress reactive mice
Knapman, A., Heinzmann, J.-M., Holsboer, F., Landgraf, R., & Touma, C. (2010) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2010.04.010 · Cited by 39
Self-citation

Authors: Holsboer, F., von Bardeleben, U., Wiedemann, K., Müller, O. A., & Stalla, G. K.
Affiliations: Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (DE)
Corresponding author: Holsboer, F.
ORCID: Wiedemann, K.
Müller, O.A.
Stalla, G.K.
Venue: Biological Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1987-02
Volume: 22
Issue: 2
Pages: 228-234
ISSN: 0006-3223 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0006-3223(87)90237-x
OpenAlex: W1979581115
Cited by: 221
References: 13
Citations by year: 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 2.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Biological Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology (medical) › Treatment of Major Depression
Keywords: corticotropin-releasing factor, dexamethasone suppression test, depression, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, glucocorticoid feedback, serial assessment, depression pathophysiology
MeSH terms: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Adult, Bipolar Disorder, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone, Depressive Disorder, Dexamethasone, Female, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Middle Aged, Pituitary-Adrenal System

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Serial assessment of corticotropin-releasing hormone response after dexamethasone in depression Implications for pathophysiology of DST nonsuppression

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