Cited by 471Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsStress Responses and CortisolTreatment of Major Depression

Antidepressants recruit new neurons to improve stress response regulation

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Surget, A, Tanti, A, Leonardo, E D, Laugeray, A, Rainer, Q, Touma, C, Palme, R, Griebel, G +3 more·2011·Molecular Psychiatry

Abstract

Recent research suggests an involvement of hippocampal neurogenesis in behavioral effects of antidepressants. However, the precise mechanisms through which newborn granule neurons might influence the antidepressant response remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that unpredictable chronic mild stress in mice not only reduces hippocampal neurogenesis, but also dampens the relationship between hippocampus and the main stress hormone system, the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Moreover, this relationship is restored by treatment with the antidepressant fluoxetine, in a neurogenesis-dependent manner. Specifically, chronic stress severely impairs HPA axis activity, the ability of hippocampus to modulate downstream brain areas involved in the stress response, the sensitivity of the hippocampal granule cell network to novelty/glucocorticoid effects and the hippocampus-dependent negative feedback of the HPA axis. Remarkably, we revealed that, although ablation of hippocampal neurogenesis alone does not impair HPA axis activity, the ability of fluoxetine to restore hippocampal regulation of the HPA axis under chronic stress conditions, occurs only in the presence of an intact neurogenic niche. These findings provide a mechanistic framework for understanding how adult-generated new neurons influence the response to antidepressants. We suggest that newly generated neurons may facilitate stress integration and that, during chronic stress or depression, enhancing neurogenesis enables a dysfunctional hippocampus to restore the central control on stress response systems, then allowing recovery.

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Crossref · 10.1038/mp.2011.48

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  • The hippocampus governs HPA axis activity by modulating hypothalamic function.

    “The hippocampus governs HPA axis activity by modulating the function of the hypothalamus (30).”
  • Adult cytogenesis (neurogenesis and gliogenesis) and morphological changes in the hippocampus are altered by chronic stress and reverted by antidepressants.

    “neuroplastic events, including adult cytogenesis (neurogenesis9, 10, 11 and gliogenesis12) and morphological changes, are described to be altered by chronic stress and reverted by antidepressants (ADs).13, 14”

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4 th edn American Psychiatric Press: Washington DC, 1994.
  2. Wang S, Scott BW, Wojtowicz JM. Heterogenous properties of dentate granule neurons in the adult rat. J Neurobiol 2000; 42: 248-257.

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Authors
Surget, A., Tanti, A., Leonardo, E. D., Laugeray, A., Rainer, Q., Touma, C., Palme, R., Griebel, G., Ibarguen-Vargas, Y., Hen, R., & Belzung, C.
Affiliations
  • Inserm (FR)
  • Université de Tours (FR)
  • Columbia University (US)
  • Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry (DE)
  • University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna (AT)
  • Sanofi (France) (FR)
Corresponding author
Surget, A
Venue
Molecular Psychiatry
Published
2011-05-03
Volume
16
Issue
12
Pages
1177-1188
ISSN
  • 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5578
OpenAlex
W2060918456
Cited by
471
References
84
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 36 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 46 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 47 · 2013: 41 · 2012: 37
FWCI
14.70
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Molecular Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
  • ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion)
  • MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • European Commission
  • International Brain Research Organization
  • Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Mental Health (K08MH076083)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Treatment of Major Depression
Keywords
antidepressants, hippocampal neurogenesis, fluoxetine, chronic unpredictable mild stress, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, stress response, depression, hippocampal granule cells, glucocorticoids, novelty, neurogenic niche, negative feedback
MeSH terms
Animals, Antidepressive Agents, Cell Count, Corticosterone, Depression, Dexamethasone, Disease Models, Animal, Fluoxetine, Hippocampus, Humans, Hydrocarbons, Halogenated, Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System, Male, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Pituitary-Adrenal Function Tests, Pituitary-Adrenal System, Radiography, Stress, Psychological, Thiazines, Mice, Neurogenesis

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