Neuromelanin-containing neurons of the substantia nigra accumulate iron and aluminum in Parkinson's disease: a LAMMA study
Abstract
The Laser Microprobe Mass Analyzer (LAMMA) is a sensitive instrument for identifying and localizing trace elements in tissue samples. Using LAMMA, we have examined melanin-containing neurons of the substantia nigra in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and controls. We found that iron significantly accumulates within neuromelanin granules of patients with PD compared to controls. Increased aluminum was found in the neuromelanin granules of 2 of 3 PD cases but in no controls. The accumulation of iron and aluminum, which are known to promote oxidant stress, may account for the selective degeneration of neuromelanin-containing neurons in PD.
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Investigations have shown an increase in redox-active iron associated with neuromelanin in substantia nigra neurons of patients with Parkinson's disease, probably as a result of decreased ferritin synthesis.
“Investigations have shown an increase in redox-active iron associated with neuromelanin in substantia nigra neurons of patients with Parkinson’s disease, probably as a result of decreased ferritin synthesis.”
From The role of iron in brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders (2014) · cites this paper as [123]
Increased redox-active iron is higher in patients with the most severe neuronal loss and is absent in neurons without neuromelanin.
“Increased redox-active iron is higher in patients with the most severe neuronal loss and is absent in neurons without neuromelanin.122–124”
From The role of iron in brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders (2014) · cites this paper as [123]
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- Authors
- Good, P. F., Olanow, C. W., & Perl, D. P.
- Affiliations
- Mount Sinai Hospital (US)
- University of South Florida (US)
- Corresponding author
- Perl, Daniel P.
- Venue
- Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1992-10
- Volume
- 593
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 343-346
- ISSN
- 0006-8993 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2076031180
- Cited by
- 427
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 13.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Brain Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Keywords
- Parkinson's disease, substantia nigra, neuromelanin, iron accumulation, aluminum accumulation, trace elements, laser microprobe mass analysis, oxidative stress, neurodegeneration, neurotoxicity
- MeSH terms
- Aluminum, Humans, Iron, Lasers, Melanins, Neurons, Parkinson Disease, Reference Values, Mass Spectrometry, Substantia Nigra, Trace Elements
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