Processes in word recognition
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Letters are perceived more accurately when presented as part of a word than in isolation (the Word superiority effect).
“Thus, letters are also perceived more accurately when presented as part of a word than when presented in isolation, i.e. the Word superiority effect, (e.g. Reicher, 1969; Wheeler, 1970).”
From Human- versus Artificial Intelligence (2021) · cites this paper as Wheeler, 1970
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“Thus, letters are also perceived more accurately when presented as part of a word than when presented in isolation, i.e. the Word superiority effect, (e.g. Reicher, 1969; Wheeler, 1970).”
BackgroundWhat's lost in inverted faces?
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- Authors
- Wheeler, D. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wheeler, Daniel D
- Venue
- Cognitive Psychology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1970-01
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 59-85
- ISSN
- 0010-0285 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2016209847
- Cited by
- 746
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 24.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cognitive Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Keywords
- word recognition, letter recognition, context effects, meaningful words, feature extraction, visual word processing
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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