The DOI matches its Crossref record; 31 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Predicting dishonest actions using the theory of planned behavior
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Many students recognise that hiding AI use is academically dishonest but may still choose non-declaration due to perceived pressures or potential academic benefit (Beck and Ajzen 1991).”
From Addressing student non-compliance in AI use declarations: implications for academic integrity and assessment in higher education (2025) · cites this paper as Beck and Ajzen 1991
In the citing paper
“This challenges TPB's emphasis on individual decision-making (Ajzen 1991; Beck and Ajzen 1991) by emphasising the collective nature of behaviour, where the desire to conform to peer norms can override ethical considerations.”
From Addressing student non-compliance in AI use declarations: implications for academic integrity and assessment in higher education (2025) · cites this paper as Beck and Ajzen 1991
In the citing paper
“Research has demonstrated that both descriptive and personal injunctive norms exert an independent influence on intentions over and above the influence of other TPB variables (e.g., Beck & Ajzen, 1991;Conner & McMillan, 1999;Manstead, 2000;Parker et al., 1995;Sheeran & Orbell, 1999).”
From Social influence in the theory of planned behaviour: The role of descriptive, injunctive, and in-group norms (2009) · cites this paper as Beck & Ajzen, 1991
In the citing paper
“TPB was extended to dishonest behavior specifically almost as soon as it was formulated, with early work showing it could predict cheating, lying, and shoplifting from the same three components (Beck & Ajzen, 1991;Dewanti et al., 2020;Harding et al., 2007).”
From Convenience Amid Crisis: Explaining Generative AI Misuse and Compliance Intention Among Myanmar University Students (2026) · cites this paper as Beck & Ajzen, 1991
Citations
Cites
The theory of planned behavior
Ajzen, I. (1991) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-t · Cited by 90,587
Self-citation(1975) · PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) · Cited by 36,737
Self-citation(1980) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 25,810
Self-citationFrom Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behavior
Ajzen, I. (1985) · Action Control · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69746-3_2 · Cited by 19,057
Self-citationTelling more than we can know: Verbal reports on mental processes.
Nisbett, R. E., & Wilson, T. D. (1977) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.84.3.231 · Cited by 11,317
Attitude-behavior relations: A theoretical analysis and review of empirical research
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1977) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.84.5.888 · Cited by 7,611
Self-citation(1988) · Cited by 6,825
Self-citationPrediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control
Ajzen, I., & Madden, T. J. (1986) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/0022-1031(86)90045-4 · Cited by 5,718
Self-citationMadison, P., & Mischel, W. (1968) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1421067 · Cited by 4,395
Action control : from cognition to behavior
Kühl, J., & Beckmann, J. (1985) · Cited by 3,444
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Fishbein, 1981, Attitudes and voting behaviour: An application of the theory of reasoned action, Vol. 1, 253
- Hartshorne, 1928, Vol. 1
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The theory of planned behavior
Ajzen, I. (1991) · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes · doi:10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-t · Cited by 90,587
Self-citationEfficacy of the Theory of Planned Behaviour: A meta‐analytic review
Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466601164939 · Cited by 9,970
Ouellette, J. A., & Wood, W. (1998) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.124.1.54 · Cited by 3,480
Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Review and Avenues for Further Research
Conner, M., & Armitage, C. J. (1998) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01685.x · Cited by 3,344
How Habit Limits the Predictive Power of Intention: The Case of Information Systems Continuance1
Limayem, M., Hirt, S. G., & Cheung, C. M. K. (2007) · MIS Quarterly · doi:10.2307/25148817 · Cited by 2,450
Perugini, M., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2001) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466601164704 · Cited by 1,830
Chen, M.-F., & Tung, P.-J. (2014) · International Journal of Hospitality Management · doi:10.1016/j.ijhm.2013.09.006 · Cited by 1,566
A Review of The Empirical Ethical Decision-Making Literature: 1996–2003
O’Fallon, M. J., & Butterfield, K. D. (2005) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-005-2929-7 · Cited by 1,417
ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN: CONCEPTUAL DEFINITIONS, MEASUREMENT METHODS, AND RESEARCH FINDINGS
Fransson, N., & Gärling, T. (1999) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1006/jevp.1999.0141 · Cited by 1,154
Verplanken, B., & Aarts, H. (1999) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/14792779943000035 · Cited by 1,056
The Influence of Attitudes on Behavior
Ajzen, I., Fishbein, M., Lohmann, S., & Albarracín, D. (2018) · Dialnet (Universidad de la Rioja) · doi:10.4324/9781315178103-5 · Cited by 1,060
Self-citationTonglet, M., Phillips, P. S., & Read, A. D. (2004) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2003.11.001 · Cited by 1,024
Kim, S. S., & Malhotra, N. K. (2005) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.1040.0326 · Cited by 1,047
Arvola, A., Vassallo, M., Dean, M., Lampila, P., Saba, A., Lähteenmäki, L., & Shepherd, R. (2007) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2007.09.010 · Cited by 1,019
Harland, P., Staats, H., & Wilke, H. (1999) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1999.tb00123.x · Cited by 884
FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH CHEATING AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS: A Review
Whitley, B. E. (1998) · Research in Higher Education · doi:10.1023/a:1018724900565 · Cited by 782
Wang, S., Fan, J., Zhao, D., Yang, S. C., & Yuan-guang, F. (2014) · Transportation · doi:10.1007/s11116-014-9567-9 · Cited by 829
A Cross-Cultural Approach to Understanding Entrepreneurial Intention
Moriano, J. A., Gorgievski, M. J., Łaguna, M., Stephan, U., & Zarafshani, K. (2011) · Journal of Career Development · doi:10.1177/0894845310384481 · Cited by 711
A dual-process approach to health risk decision making: The prototype willingness model
Gerrard, M., Gibbons, F. X., Houlihan, A. E., Stock, M. L., & Pomery, E. A. (2008) · Developmental Review · doi:10.1016/j.dr.2007.10.001 · Cited by 567
Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior: Predicting the Use of Public Transportation 1
Heath, Y., & Gifford, R. (2002) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2002.tb02068.x · Cited by 649
Attitude Versus General Habit: Antecedents of Travel Mode Choice1
Verplanken, B., Aarts, H., van Knippenberg, A., & Knippenberg, C. V. (1994) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1994.tb00583.x · Cited by 564
White, K. M., Smith, J. R., Terry, D. J., Greenslade, J. H., & McKimmie, B. M. (2009) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466608x295207 · Cited by 580
Software Piracy in the Workplace: A Model and Empirical Test
Peace, A. G., Galletta, D. F., & Thong, J. Y. L. (2003) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.1080/07421222.2003.11045759 · Cited by 530
Beyond the Intention–Behaviour Mythology
Davies, J., Foxall, G. R., & Pallister, J. (2002) · Marketing Theory · doi:10.1177/1470593102002001645 · Cited by 518
Bringing Identity Theory into Environmental Sociology
Stets, J. E., & Biga, C. F. (2003) · Sociological Theory · doi:10.1046/j.1467-9558.2003.00196.x · Cited by 499
Kraft, P., Rise, J., Sutton, S. R., & Røysamb, E. (2005) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466604x17533 · Cited by 452
Theory of Reasoned Action - Theory of Planned Behavior
Rossmann, C. (2011) · Nomos eBooks · doi:10.5771/9783845260341 · Cited by 447
Rivis, A., Sheeran, P., & Armitage, C. J. (2009) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2009.00558.x · Cited by 479
Reexamining the Theory of Planned Behavior in Understanding Wastepaper Recycling
Cheung, S. F., Chan, D. K. ‐., & Wong, Z. S.-Y. (1999) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/00139169921972254 · Cited by 435
The effects of subjective norms on behaviour in the theory of planned behaviour: A meta‐analysis
Manning, M. A. (2009) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466608x393136 · Cited by 480
Khan, F., Ahmed, W., & Najmi, A. (2018) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2018.11.020 · Cited by 425
Chen, M. (2015) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.07.043 · Cited by 430
Theory of Planned Behavior: Potential Travelers from China
Lam, T., & Hsu, C. H. C. (2004) · Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research · doi:10.1177/1096348004267515 · Cited by 421
The importance of habits in eating behaviour. An overview and recommendations for future research
Riet, J. V., Sijtsema, S. J., Dagevos, H., & De Bruijn, G.-J. (2011) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2011.07.010 · Cited by 399
Tonglet, M., Phillips, P. S., & Bates, M. P. (2004) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2004.02.001 · Cited by 387
Whistleblowing as Planned Behavior – A Survey of South Korean Police Officers
Park, H., & Blenkinsopp, J. (2009) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-008-9788-y · Cited by 401
Jing, W., Wang, S., Xue, H., Yu, W., & Li, J. (2018) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.01.250 · Cited by 409
Interaction effects in the theory of planned behaviour: Studying cannabis use
Conner, M., & Mcmillan, B. (1999) · British Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466699164121 · Cited by 364
Why People Don’t Take their Concerns about Fair Trade to the Supermarket: The Role of Neutralisation
Chatzidakis, A., Hibbert, S. A., & Smith, A. (2007) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-006-9222-2 · Cited by 361
The intention to adopt electric vehicles: Driven by functional and non-functional values
Liu, H., Wang, S., Zhao, D., & Li, J. (2017) · Transportation Research Part A Policy and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.tra.2017.05.033 · Cited by 396
Shalender, K., & Sharma, N. (2020) · Environment Development and Sustainability · doi:10.1007/s10668-020-00602-7 · Cited by 425
Poliakoff, E., & Webb, T. L. (2007) · Science Communication · doi:10.1177/1075547007308009 · Cited by 357
Forward, S. E. (2009) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2008.12.002 · Cited by 375
Conner, M. T. (2020) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119568124.ch1 · Cited by 384
Notani, A. S. (1998) · Journal of Consumer Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15327663jcp0703_02 · Cited by 348
A Social Reaction Model of Adolescent Health Risk
Gibbons, F. X., Gerrard, M., & Lane, D. J. (2003) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9780470753552.ch5 · Cited by 350
Bobek, D. D., & Hatfield, R. C. (2003) · Behavioral Research in Accounting · doi:10.2308/bria.2003.15.1.13 · Cited by 345
Ethics in consumer choice: a multivariate modelling approach
Shaw, D., & Shiu, E. M. K. (2003) · European Journal of Marketing · doi:10.1108/03090560310487202 · Cited by 342
Digital Piracy: Factors that Influence Attitude Toward Behavior
Al‐Rafee, S., & Cronan, T. P. (2006) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-005-1902-9 · Cited by 341
Factors that Influence the Intention to Pirate Software and Media
Cronan, T. P., & Al‐Rafee, S. (2007) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-007-9366-8 · Cited by 341
Bucher, E. L., Fieseler, C., & Lutz, C. (2016) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2016.04.002 · Cited by 360
Threat or coping appraisal: determinants of SMB executives’ decision to adopt anti-malware software
Lee, Y., & Larsen, K. R. T. (2009) · European Journal of Information Systems · doi:10.1057/ejis.2009.11 · Cited by 342
Learning from the Literature on Collegiate Cheating: A Review of Empirical Research
Crown, D. F., & Spiller, M. S. (1998) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1023/a:1017903001888 · Cited by 330
Evaluating and Extending the Theory of Planned Behaviour
Manstead, A. S. R., & Parker, D. (1995) · European Review of Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/14792779443000012 · Cited by 323
Jiang, Z. J., Heng, C. S., & Choi, B. C. F. (2013) · Information Systems Research · doi:10.1287/isre.1120.0441 · Cited by 317
The Moderating Effect of Perceived Lack of Facilities on Consumers’ Recycling Intentions
Chen, M., & Tung, P.-J. (2009) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/0013916509352833 · Cited by 319
Si, H., Shi, J., Tang, D., Wu, G., & Lan, J. (2019) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104513 · Cited by 356
Does academic dishonesty relate to unethical behavior in professional practice? An exploratory study
Carpenter, D. D., Harding, T. S., Finelli, C. J., & Passow, H. J. (2004) · Science and Engineering Ethics · doi:10.1007/s11948-004-0027-3 · Cited by 179
Self‐Identity and the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Useful Addition or an Unhelpful Artifice?1
SPARKS, P. B., & Guthrie, C. A. (1998) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.1998.tb01683.x · Cited by 319
Conservation technology adoption decisions and the theory of planned behavior
Lynne, G. D., Casey, C. F., Hodges, A. W., & Rahmani, M. (1995) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/0167-4870(95)00031-6 · Cited by 314
Conservation and human behaviour: lessons from social psychology
John, F. A. V. S., Edwards‐Jones, G., & Jones, J. P. G. (2010) · Wildlife Research · doi:10.1071/wr10032 · Cited by 330
Dowd, K., & Burke, K. J. (2013) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2013.05.024 · Cited by 333
Shi, H., Fan, J., & Zhao, D. (2017) · Journal of Cleaner Production · doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.169 · Cited by 301
Leonard, L. N. K., Cronan, T. P., & Kreie, J. (2004) · Information & Management · doi:10.1016/j.im.2003.12.008 · Cited by 293
Moser, A. K. (2016) · Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services · doi:10.1016/j.jretconser.2016.05.006 · Cited by 302
SPARKS, P. B., Shepherd, R., & Frewer, L. J. (1995) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15324834basp1603_1 · Cited by 297
Wan, C., Shen, Q., & Yu, A. T. W. (2014) · Resources Conservation and Recycling · doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2013.12.009 · Cited by 299
Buchan, H. (2005) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-005-0277-2 · Cited by 283
Brunel, F. F., & Nelson, M. R. (2000) · Journal of Advertising · doi:10.1080/00913367.2000.10673614 · Cited by 281
Corporate Fraud and Managers’ Behavior: Evidence from the Press
Cohen, J. R., Yuan Ding, A., Lesage, C., & Stolowy, H. (2010) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-011-0857-2 · Cited by 283
Kaiser, F. G., & Scheuthle, H. (2003) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(02)00316-1 · Cited by 268
Anticipated Affect and Behavioral Choice
Richard, R., van der Pligt, J., & de Vries, N. K. (1996) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1207/s15324834basp1802_1 · Cited by 267
Evaluating ethical decision making and computer use
Loch, K. D., & Conger, S. A. (1996) · Communications of the ACM · doi:10.1145/233977.233999 · Cited by 263
Dean, M., Raats, M. M., & Shepherd, R. (2011) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2011.00796.x · Cited by 263
Intention and behavior towards green consumption among low-income households
Mamun, A. A., Mohamad, M. R., Yaacob, M. R., & Mohiuddin, M. (2018) · Journal of Environmental Management · doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.08.061 · Cited by 276
Attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination, vaccine hesitancy and intention to take the vaccine
Cordina, M., Lauri, M. A., & Lauri, J. (2021) · Pharmacy Practice · doi:10.18549/pharmpract.2021.1.2317 · Cited by 273
Norman, P. E., & Smith, L. (1995) · European Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/ejsp.2420250405 · Cited by 252
The Evolution of Whistleblowing Studies: A Critical Review and Research Agenda
Culiberg, B., & Mihelič, K. K. (2016) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-016-3237-0 · Cited by 252
Circumstances surrounding cheating: A questionnaire study of college students
Genereux, R. L., & McLeod, B. A. (1995) · Research in Higher Education · doi:10.1007/bf02208251 · Cited by 238
From Willingness to Intention: Experience Moderates the Shift From Reactive to Reasoned Behavior
Pomery, E. A., Gibbons, F. X., Reis-Bergan, M., & Gerrard, M. (2009) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167209335166 · Cited by 237
Hurtz, G. M., & Williams, K. J. (2009) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0014580 · Cited by 247
Han, T., & Stoel, L. (2016) · Journal of International Consumer Marketing · doi:10.1080/08961530.2016.1251870 · Cited by 284
Moral Concerns and Consumer Choice of Fresh and Processed Organic Foods1
Dean, M., Raats, M. M., & Shepherd, R. (2008) · Journal of Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2008.00382.x · Cited by 229
Jing, W., Wang, S., Wang, Y., Li, J., & Zhao, D. (2018) · International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management · doi:10.1108/ijchm-04-2017-0223 · Cited by 223
Bansal, H. S., & Taylor, S. F. (2002) · Psychology and Marketing · doi:10.1002/mar.10017 · Cited by 253
Shaw, D., & Shiu, E. M. K. (2002) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1046/j.1470-6431.2002.00255.x · Cited by 222
The Social Entrepreneurial Antecedents Scale (SEAS): a validation study
Hockerts, K. N. (2015) · Social enterprise journal · doi:10.1108/sej-05-2014-0026 · Cited by 229
Gonsalves, C. (2025) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2024.2415654 · Cited by 212
“This finding aligns with Beck and Ajzen (1991), which identified attitudes as a key predictor of dishonest actions, including cheating and lying to avoid academic responsibilities.”
Lu, M. (1998) · Environment and Planning A Economy and Space · doi:10.1068/a301473 · Cited by 211
Kisamore, J. L., Stone, T. H., & Jawahar, I. M. “. (2007) · Journal of Business Ethics · doi:10.1007/s10551-006-9260-9 · Cited by 222
A Model of Green Consumption Behavior Constructed by the Theory of Planned Behavior
Wu, S.-I., & Chen, J.-Y. (2014) · International Journal of Marketing Studies · doi:10.5539/ijms.v6n5p119 · Cited by 226
PROJECTED OFFENDING AND CONTEMPORANEOUS RULE‐VIOLATION: IMPLICATIONS FOR HETEROTYPIC CONTINUITY*
Pogarsky, G. (2004) · Criminology · doi:10.1111/j.1745-9125.2004.tb00515.x · Cited by 204
Gerrard, M., Gibbons, F. X., Brody, G. H., Murry, V. M., Cleveland, M. J., & Wills, T. A. (2006) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/0893-164x.20.2.185 · Cited by 207
d’Astous, A., Colbert, F., & Montpetit, D. (2005) · Journal of Consumer Policy · doi:10.1007/s10603-005-8489-5 · Cited by 206
FACTORS INFLUENCING ENGINEERING STUDENTS’ DECISIONS TO CHEAT BY TYPE OF ASSESSMENT
Passow, H. J., Mayhew, M. J., Finelli, C. J., Harding, T. S., & Carpenter, D. D. (2006) · Research in Higher Education · doi:10.1007/s11162-006-9010-y · Cited by 201
The role of ethical obligation and self‐identity in ethical consumer choice
Shaw, D., & Shiu, E. M. K. (2002) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1046/j.1470-6431.2002.00214.x · Cited by 200
Stone, T. H., Jawahar, I. M., & Kisamore, J. L. (2010) · Basic and Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1080/01973530903539895 · Cited by 198
Greenslade, J. H., & White, K. M. (2005) · The Journal of Social Psychology · doi:10.3200/socp.145.2.155-172 · Cited by 215
Thibaut, L., Knipprath, H., Dehaene, W., & Depaepe, F. (2018) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2017.12.014 · Cited by 220
Evans, D., & Norman, P. (1998) · Health Education Research · doi:10.1093/her/13.4.481-a · Cited by 195
Metadata
- Authors
- Beck, L., & Ajzen, I.
- Affiliations
- University of Massachusetts Amherst (US)
- Corresponding author
- Beck, Lisa
- ORCID
- Ajzen, Icek
- Venue
- Journal of Research in Personality
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1991-09
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 285-301
- ISSN
- 0092-6566 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2066424242
- Cited by
- 1,325
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 33 · 2025: 59 · 2024: 70 · 2023: 78 · 2022: 76 · 2021: 82 · 2020: 78 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 63 · 2017: 53 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 50 · 2014: 59 · 2013: 58 · 2012: 48
- FWCI
- 5.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Research in Personality (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Education › Academic integrity and plagiarism
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Ethics in Business and Education
- Keywords
- dishonest behavior, theory of planned behavior, intention-behavior relationship, cheating, shoplifting, lying, moral obligation, subjective norms, behavioral control, attitudes, university students, self-report
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review