Restraint stress in biomedical research: A review

Paré, William P.; Glavin, Gary B.

doi:10.1016/0149-7634(86)90017-5

Cited by 376Stress Responses and CortisolNeuropeptides and Animal PhysiologyAnimal Behavior and Welfare Studies

Restraint stress in biomedical research: A review

Paré, William P., Glavin, Gary B.·1986·Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

DOI 10.1016/0149-7634(86)90017-5

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Abstract

The use of restraint or immobilization for investigations of animal physiology, pathology and pharmacology has an extensive history. The major use of this technique has been as a "stressor" for the induction of stress response syndromes in animals. Many such syndromes have been characterized from the behavioral level to the neurochemical concomitants of stress. As a consequence of this particular use of the restraint procedure, much information concerning drug effects on stress response syndromes has been obtained. Indeed, many researchers in the area of gastrointestinal drugs routinely screen their new compounds in a restraint model of gastric stress ulcer. The purpose of this review is to present for researchers, a summary of the methods for, the parameters of, and known drug effects on, restraint-induced pathology. In our experience, this technique has proven to be a very useful one for the examination of both central and peripheral mechanisms of stress-related disorders, as well as for studying drug effects upon these disorders.

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Rodents behave pro-socially when they perceive a conspecific experiencing non-painful psychological restraint stress, acting to end that distress through deliberate action.
“Our study shows that rodents behave pro-socially when they perceive a conspecific experiencing non-painful psychological restraint stress (8, 9), acting to end that distress through deliberate action.”
From Empathy and pro-social behavior in rats (2011) · cites this paper as [9]

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Brain monoamines and adrenocortical activation
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Plasma Pepsinogen Level as a Predictor of Susceptibility to Gastric Erosions in the Rat
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Effect of Immobilization Stress on Rat Pineal β‐Adrenergic Receptor‐Mediated Function
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The Influence of Body Temperature on the Production of Ulcers of Restraint in the Rat
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Role of the autonomic nervous system in the cytoprotective effect of neurotensin against gastric stress ulcers in rats
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Preparation of a chronic gastric fistula in the rat.
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Predictable and Unpredictable Shock: Their Pathological Effects on Restrained and Unrestrained Rats
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Early handling and group housing: Effect on development and response to stress in the rat
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Immobilization stress in rats: Effect on rectal temperature and possible role of brain monoamines in hypothermia
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Histamine H1- and H2-receptor-mediated gastric microcirculatory effects in the aetiology of stress ulceration in the rat stomach
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Microcirculatory and mast cell changes in restraint stress
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Effects of Litter Size on Emotionality, Adrenocortical Reactivity, and Susceptibility to Gastric Erosions in the Rat
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A simplified method of inducing stomach ulcers
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Gastric ulceration and adrenocortical activity after inescapable and escapable pre‐shock in rats
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Effects of prenatal caffeine administration on offspring mortality, open-field behavior and adult gastric ulcer susceptibility.
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The effects of destruction on noradrenergic ascending ventral bundles and tetrabenazine on formation of stress-induced gastric ulcer
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Changes in the Incorporating Activity of 35S-Sulfate into Gastric Sulfated Glycoproteins in the Rat with Erosions by Restraint and Water Immersion Stress
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Stress and ulceration in the glandular and nonglandular portions of the rat's stomach.
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PERFORATED PEPTIC ULCER DURING AIR-RAID
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Physiological changes in rats exposed to cold/restraint stress
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Prepared responses and gastric lesions in rats
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Prenatal maternal stress: Differential effects upon male and female offspring responses to restraint stress as adults
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Differences between inbred rat strains in the alteration of adrenal catecholamine synthesizing enzyme activities after immobilization stress
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Stomach ulceration and emotionality in selected strains of rats
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Age differences and stress ulcer in the rat
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Studies on the pathogenesis of "stress ulcer": effect of hemorrhage, transfusion, and vagotomy in the restrained rat.
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Immobilization stress increases serotonin turnover in the extended brain regions in the rat.
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The Effect of Restraint on the Content of Acid Polysaccharides of Glandular Gastric Wall in Rat
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Age and Susceptibility to Gastric Ulceration in Male and Female Rats
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Stress by restraining elevates brain prostaglandins in the rat
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Alcohol injury to gastric mucosa in mice and its potentiation by stress
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Verapamil attenuates stress-induced gastric ulceration
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Post-stress development and healing of supine-restraint induced stomach lesions in the rat
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The effects of reserpine on the psychogenic production of gastric ulcers in rats.
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Enhancement of tumor development in physically-stressed mice inoculated with an oncogenic virus
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CONTRIBUTION OF SYMPATHO-ADRENAL SYSTEM TO THE GASTRIC MOVEMENT OF RATS SUBJECTED TO RESTRAINT AND WATER IMMERSION STRESS
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Limbic lesions and the energizing, aversive, and inhibitory effects of non-reward in rats.
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Comparison of Caries Incidence in Exercised and Immobilized Rats
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Prevention by bismuth subsalicylate of gastric mucosal lesions in response to noxious stimuli in rats
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Acute stress and the brain norepinephrine uptake mechanism in the rat
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The effects of food deprivation on restraint induced gastric lesions in the rat☆
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The Effect of Thalidomide in Experimental Gastric Ulcers
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Study of cold + restraint stress gastric lesions in spontaneously hypertensive, Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats
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Role of gastric acid in restraint-induced ulceration in the rat
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Some behavioral factors related to the effects of cold-restraint stress in rats: A factor analytic—multiple regression approach
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Histamine H2 receptor: Involvement in gastric ulceration
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Brain and liver tryptophan pathways and adrenocortical activation during restraint stress
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Determination of histamine dose causing maximal gastric secretion
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Prevention of stress ulcer by reducing gastric tissue histamine.
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Empathy and pro-social behavior in rats
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Restraint stress in biomedical research: An update
Glavin, G. B., Paré, W. P., Sandbak, T., Bakke, H.-K., & Murison, R. (1994) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/0149-7634(94)90027-2 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
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The Review on Animal Model of Restraint Stress
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Restraint Stress
Servatius, R. J., Salameh, G., Coyle, K. M., & Paré, W. P. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-012373947-6.00333-0 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
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Authors: Paré, W. P., & Glavin, G. B.
Affiliations: United States Department of Veterans Affairs (US)
University of Manitoba (CA)
Venue: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1986-09
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Pages: 339-370
ISSN: 0149-7634 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0149-7634(86)90017-5
OpenAlex: W1982596294
Cited by: 376
References: 327
Citations by year: 2026: 8 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 15
FWCI: 5.56
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
Health Sciences › Veterinary › Small Animals › Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
Keywords: restraint stress, immobilization, stress response syndromes, gastric stress ulcer, stress-related disorders, animal models of stress
MeSH terms: Animals, Haplorhini, Cricetinae, Restraint, Physical, Stress, Physiological, Mice, Rats

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Restraint stress in biomedical research: A review

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