Cited by 836Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration MechanismsAlzheimer's disease research and treatmentsNeurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments

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Reactive microglia in patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type are positive for the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR

McGeer, Patrick L., Itagaki, Shigeru, Tago, Hisao, McGeer, Edith G.·1987·Neuroscience Letters

DOI 10.1016/0304-3940(87)90696-3

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Abstract

HLA-DR is a class II cell surface glycoprotein of the human histocompatibility complex usually expressed on the surface of cells that are simultaneously presenting foreign antigen to T-lymphocytes. Using immunohistochemical procedures with two specific monoclonal antibodies to HLA-DR, HLA-DR-positive reactive microglia were found in gray matter throughout the cortex of postmortem brains of patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDAT) and were particularly concentrated in the areas of senile plaque formation. Double immunostaining with antibodies to glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) showed that the HLA-DR-positive cells were different from the reactive astrocytes although the occasional positively staining giant astrocyte was also seen. Small numbers of resting microglia were HLA-DR-positive in white matter of both normal and SDAT brains. The SDAT cases also had reduced cortical choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) levels. In the 11 brains studied, the number of hippocampal HLA-DR-positive cells was positively correlated with the numbers of plaques and negatively correlated with average cortical ChAT.

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The cholinergic system of the human hindbrain studied by choline acetyltransferase immunohistochemistry and acetylcholinesterase histochemistry
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Authors: McGeer, P. L., Itagaki, S., Tago, H., & McGeer, E. G.
Affiliations: University of British Columbia (CA)
Corresponding author: McGeer, Patrick L.
ORCID: McGeer, Patrick L.
Venue: Neuroscience Letters
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 1987-08
Volume: 79
Issue: 1-2
Pages: 195-200
ISSN: 0304-3940 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/0304-3940(87)90696-3
OpenAlex: W2074274825
Cited by: 836
References: 9
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 34 · 2013: 27 · 2012: 27
FWCI: 14.75
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: Neuroscience Letters (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
Keywords: reactive microglia, HLA-DR, senile dementia of the Alzheimer type, Alzheimer's disease, amyloid plaques, glial fibrillary acidic protein, astrocytes, choline acetyltransferase, hippocampus, neuroinflammation
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, Cerebral Cortex, Hippocampus, HLA-D Antigens, HLA-DR Antigens, Humans, Neuroglia

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Reactive microglia in patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type are positive for the histocompatibility glycoprotein HLA-DR

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