CTLA-4 can function as a negative regulator of T cell activation
Abstract
CD28 and CTLA-4 are related glycoproteins found on T cells. Ligation of CD28 following antigen receptor engagement provides a costimulatory signal required for T cell activation. Anti-CTLA-4 antibodies were generated to examine the role of the CTLA-4 receptor on murine T cells. Expression of CTLA-4 as a homodimer is up-regulated 2-3 days following T cell activation. Anti-CTLA-4 antibodies and Fab fragments augmented T cell proliferation in an allogeneic MLR. However, when optimal costimulation and Fc cross-linking were present, anti-CTLA-4 Mabs inhibited T cell proliferation. Together, these results suggest that the MAb may obstruct the interaction of CTLA-4 with its natural ligand and block a negative signal, or directly signal T cells to down-regulate immune function.
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CTLA-4 is an inhibitory receptor expressed primarily by T cells that dampens T cell activity and is upregulated upon T cell activation.
“CTLA-4, an inhibitory receptor expressed primarily by T cells, functions to dampen T cell activity and is upregulated upon T cell activation (1)(2)(3).”
From Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for the Treatment of Cancer: Clinical Impact and Mechanisms of Response and Resistance (2021) · cites this paper as [2]
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- Authors
- Walunas, T. L., Lenschow, D. J., Bakker, C. Y., Linsley, P. S., Freeman, G. J., Green, J. M., Thompson, C. B., & Bluestone, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Bristol-Myers Squibb (United States) (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Immunity
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1994-08
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 405-413
- ISSN
- 1074-7613 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2048073154
- Cited by
- 2,222
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 84 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 114 · 2020: 98 · 2019: 100 · 2018: 91 · 2017: 90 · 2016: 94 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 56 · 2013: 67 · 2012: 56
- FWCI
- 22.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Immunity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5p01ai035225-04, 5r01ca040216-13)
- National Cancer Institute (CA40216)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (P01-AI 35294, P01AI035294, AI-35225)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Keywords
- CTLA-4, CD28, T cell activation, costimulation, negative regulation, anti-CTLA-4 antibody, T cell proliferation, allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reaction, immune tolerance
- MeSH terms
- Abatacept, Animals, Antibodies, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Antigens, Differentiation, Base Sequence, Cell Division, Humans, Immunoglobulin Fragments, Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments, Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed, Lymphocyte Activation, Male, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Inbred DBA, Molecular Sequence Data, Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, T-Lymphocytes, Antigens, CD, CD3 Complex, CD28 Antigens, Immunoconjugates, Mice, CTLA-4 Antigen
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