Neural ECM and synaptogenesis
Abstract
Chemical synapses allow neurons to perform complex computations and regulate other systems of the body. At a chemical synapse, pre- and postsynaptic sites are separated by a small space (the synaptic cleft) and surrounded by astrocytes. The basement membrane (BM), a sheetlike, specialized extracellular matrix (ECM), is found ubiquitously in the PNS. It has become clear that the ECMs not only play a structural role but also serve as barriers and filters in the PNS and CNS. Moreover, proteoglycans and tenascin family proteins in the ECM regulate synapse formation and synaptic plasticity. Although CNS synapses lack the BMs, recent results indicate that the BM-associated collagens are also present in the CNS synaptic cleft and affect synaptogenesis in both the CNS and the PNS. The C1q domain-containing family proteins are important components of the CNS synaptic cleft in regulating synapse formation, maintenance, and the pruning process. The ECM is regarded as a crucial component of the tetrapartite synapse, consisting of pre- and postsynaptic neurons, astrocyte, and ECM.
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Knockout mice deficient in PNN component tenascin-R have abnormal synapse formation and synaptic plasticity after injury.
“Moreover, knockout mice deficient in PNN component tenascin-R have abnormal synapse formation and synaptic plasticity after injury [54, 57].”
From The extracellular matrix and perineuronal nets in memory (2022) · cites this paper as [54]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Heikkinen, A., Pihlajaniemi, T., Faissner, A., & Yuzaki, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Oulu (FI)
- Keio University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Yuzaki, Michisuke
- Venue
- Progress in Brain Research
- Publisher
- Elsevier
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 214
- Pages
- 29-51
- ISSN
- 0079-6123 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2415352026
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 5.83
- Type
- book chapter
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Progress in brain research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Keywords
- extracellular matrix, synaptogenesis, basement membrane, astrocytes, synaptic cleft, proteoglycans, tenascin, synaptic plasticity, collagen, synaptic pruning, peripheral nervous system, central nervous system
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Astrocytes, Extracellular Matrix, Nervous System, Neurons, Synapses, Neurogenesis
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