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Cited by 317Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeurobiology of Language and BilingualismCognitive Functions and Memory

Inner speech as a retrieval aid for task goals: the effects of cue type and articulatory suppression in the random task cuing paradigm

Miyake, Akira, Emerson, Michael J, Padilla, Francisca, Ahn, Jeung-chan·2004·Acta Psychologica
DOI 10.1016/j.actpsy.2003.12.004
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Abstract

Articulatory suppression has been shown to increase switch costs in the list paradigm (e.g., [J. Exp. Psychol.: General 130 (2001) 641, J Memory Language 48 (2003) 148]). The present dual-task study examined whether this effect generalizes to the random task cuing paradigm. Participants performed color or shape judgments according to explicit word cues (COLOR or SHAPE) or less transparent letter cues ( C for the color task and S for the shape task). In the word cue condition, the switch cost was equivalent for the articulatory suppression and the control (no dual-task) conditions, but, in the letter cue condition, the switch cost was significantly greater for the articulatory suppression condition than for the control condition. These results suggest that inner speech may be recruited as a tool for retrieving and activating the relevant task goal when the task cue is not transparent and hence imposes nonnegligible retrieval demand.

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  • Prior research suggests that cue type influences inner speech use and that verbal short-term memory is commonly used to retain sequential information.

    “Prior research suggests that cue type influences inner speech use60 and that verbal short-term memory is commonly used to retain sequential information61.”

    From Inner speech in motor cortex and implications for speech neuroprostheses (2025) · cites this paper as [60]

  • In Miyake et al. (2004), articulatory suppression increased switch costs for single letter cues but not full word cues.

    “Comparing switch costs for judgment tasks with full word (e.g., SHAPE) or single letter (S . . .) cues, articulatory suppression increased the switch costs for the latter but not the former.”

    From Inner Speech: Development, Cognitive Functions, Phenomenology, and Neurobiology (2015) · cites this paper as Miyake, Emerson, Padilla, and Ahn, 2004

  • Blocking inner speech matters when inner speech is needed to fill out cues; explicit cues do not recruit inner speech to the same degree.

    “blocking inner speech only really mattered when inner speech was needed to “fill out” the cues in the task; more explicit cues such as a full word did not recruit inner speech to the same degree”

    From Inner Speech: Development, Cognitive Functions, Phenomenology, and Neurobiology (2015) · cites this paper as Miyake et al., 2004

  • Inner speech is required for switching where it plays a non-negligible role in retrieval of relevant information.

    “This was interpreted by Miyake et al. as evidence that inner speech was required for switching where it played a non-negligible role in the retrieval of relevant information.”

    From Inner Speech: Development, Cognitive Functions, Phenomenology, and Neurobiology (2015) · cites this paper as Miyake et al., 2004

  • Inner speech has a beneficial effect on performance by minimizing switching costs, but only when verbalization completes the information set needed for an efficient and consistent response.

    “Taken together, these studies suggest that inner speech has a beneficial effect on performance (by minimizing costs associated with switching), but only in conditions where verbalization seems to somehow complete the information set needed for an efficient and consistent response.”

    From Inner Speech: Development, Cognitive Functions, Phenomenology, and Neurobiology (2015) · cites this paper as Miyake et al., 2004

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Authors
Miyake, A., Emerson, M. J., Padilla, F., & Ahn, J.-C.
Affiliations
  • University of Colorado Boulder (US)
  • Universidad de Granada (ES)
Corresponding author
Miyake, Akira
ORCID
Venue
Acta Psychologica
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2004-02
Volume
115
Issue
2-3
Pages
123-142
ISSN
0001-6918 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1016/j.actpsy.2003.12.004
OpenAlex
W2098513956
Cited by
317
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 19
FWCI
5.04
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Acta Psychologica (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH-63207)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
Keywords
inner speech, articulatory suppression, task switching, switch costs, dual-task interference, verbal working memory
MeSH terms
Analysis of Variance, Cues, Humans, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Mental Recall, Verbal Behavior

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