Self-awareness and the left inferior frontal gyrus: Inner speech use during self-related processing

Morin, Alain; Michaud, Jayson

doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.06.013

Cited by 141Social Representations and IdentityNeurobiology of Language and BilingualismPhilosophy and Theoretical Science

Self-awareness and the left inferior frontal gyrus: Inner speech use during self-related processing

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Morin, Alain, Michaud, Jayson·2007·Brain Research Bulletin

DOI 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.06.013

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Abstract

To test the hypothesis of a participation of inner speech in self-referential activity we reviewed 59 studies measuring brain activity during processing of self-information in the following self-domains: agency, self-recognition, emotions, personality traits, autobiographical memory, preference judgments, and REST. The left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) has been shown to sustain inner speech use. We calculated the percentage of studies reporting LIFG activity for each self-dimension. 55.9% of all studies reviewed identified LIFG (and presumably inner speech) activity during self-awareness tasks. Furthermore, the LIFG was more frequently recruited during conceptual tasks (e.g., emotions, traits) than during perceptual tasks (e.g., agency, self-recognition). This supports the view of a relative involvement of inner speech in self-reflective processes.

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Insular involvement in inner speech could represent increased self-awareness associated with inner speech.
“Thus, insular involvement in inner speech could represent increased self-awareness associated with inner speech (Morin & Hamper, 2012; Morin & Michaud, 2007; Morin, 2009).”
From Bridging phenomenology and neural mechanisms of inner speech: ALE meta-analysis on egocentricity and spontaneity in a dual-mechanistic framework (2023) · cites this paper as Morin & Michaud, 2007
The introductory discussion (page unavailable in our copy) includes the insula among regions involved in representing the self, and the Conclusion links inner speech to self-awareness. But the review identifies the left inferior frontal gyrus—not the insula—as the region associated with inner speech; it does not establish that insular involvement in inner speech reflects increased self-awareness. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Inner speech is a critical component of self awareness and self-related processing.
“Inner speech (talking to yourself) is considered a critical component of self awareness1 and self-related processing2.”
From Conversations between self and self as Sigmund Freud—A virtual body ownership paradigm for self counselling (2015) · cites this paper as [2]

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A. Morin, Inner speech. Invited paper for the 2006 Oxford Companion to Consciousness, in press.
G. Zivin, Removing common confusions about egocentric speech, private speech, and self-regulation, in: G. Zivin (Ed.), The development of self- regulation through private speech, Wiley, New York, 1979.

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Authors: Morin, A., & Michaud, J.
Affiliations: Mount Royal University (CA)
Corresponding author: Morin, Alain
ORCID: Morin, Alain
Venue: Brain Research Bulletin
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2007-11
Volume: 74
Issue: 6
Pages: 387-396
ISSN: 0361-9230 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2007.06.013
OpenAlex: W2074431250
Cited by: 141
References: 138
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 0.61
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
philarchive.org
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
www.elsevier.com/legal/tdmrep-license (tdm)
Locations: Brain Research Bulletin (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PhilPapers (PhilPapers Foundation) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Representations and Identity
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Philosophy and Theoretical Science
Keywords: inner speech, self-awareness, left inferior frontal gyrus, self-referential processing, self-agency, self-recognition, emotions, personality traits, autobiographical memory, preference judgments, resting state, self-reflection
MeSH terms: Frontal Lobe, Humans, Personality, Self Concept, Speech

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Self-awareness and the left inferior frontal gyrus: Inner speech use during self-related processing

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