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Trajectories of loneliness during childhood and adolescence: Predictors and health outcomes
Abstract
The present study employed latent growth mixture modeling to discern distinct trajectories of loneliness using data collected at 2‐year intervals from age 7–17 years ( N = 586) and examine whether measures taken at age 5 years were good predictors of group membership. Four loneliness trajectory classes were identified: (1) low stable (37% of the sample), (2) moderate decliners (23%), (3) moderate increasers (18%), and (4) relatively high stable (22%). Predictors at age 5 years for the high stable trajectory were low trust beliefs, low trusting, low peer acceptance, parent reported negative reactivity, an internalizing attribution style, low self‐worth, and passivity during observed play. The model also included outcome variables. We found that both the high stable and moderate increasing trajectories were associated with depressive symptoms, a higher frequency of visits to the doctor, and lower perceived general health at age 17. We discuss implications of findings for future empirical work.
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“and predicts self‐harming, suicide ideation, and more lethal suicide attempts (Gvion et al., 2014; Heinrich & Gullone, 2006; Qualter et al., 2013).”
From Adolescents' longitudinal trajectories of mental health and loneliness: The impact of COVID‐19 school closures (2022) · cites this paper as Qualter et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“The association between negative affect and loneliness in adolescents is well established cross-sectionally and longitudinally (Lasgaard et al., 2011; Spithoven et al., 2017; Qualter et al., 2013; van Roekel et al., 2018).”
From Adolescent Loneliness and Negative Affect during the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Role of Extraversion and Neuroticism (2023) · cites this paper as Qualter et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“Existing research has mostly examined the predictive role of adolescents’ psychological or sociodemographic characteristics [9–13].”
From Predictors of chronic loneliness during adolescence: a population-based cohort study (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
In the citing paper
“In those studies, the consistently high loneliness trajectory was associated with various adverse health consequences [9, 10, 12, 13], indicating the importance of identifying predictors of chronic loneliness across adolescence.”
From Predictors of chronic loneliness during adolescence: a population-based cohort study (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
In the citing paper
“In our study, the proportion of adolescents experiencing chronic loneliness (0.8%) was smaller than that reported in previous studies (ranging from 3 to 22%) [9, 11–13].”
From Predictors of chronic loneliness during adolescence: a population-based cohort study (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
In the citing paper
“The four trajectory patterns identified in our study echoed previous studies, where four to five distinct adolescent loneliness trajectories were observed [9, 11–13].”
From Predictors of chronic loneliness during adolescence: a population-based cohort study (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
In the citing paper
“Studies on the longitudinal patterns of adolescent loneliness have identified several distinct trajectories, including consistently low and consistently high [9–13].”
From Predictors of chronic loneliness during adolescence: a population-based cohort study (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
In the citing paper
“Despite the differences in the proportion rate of each trajectory, the patterns identified based on a single-item measure of loneliness reflected existing evidence from Western Europe and North America, where multi-item indicators of loneliness were used [9, 11–13].”
From Predictors of chronic loneliness during adolescence: a population-based cohort study (2022) · cites this paper as [12]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Qualter, P., Brown, S. L., Rotenberg, K. J., Vanhalst, J., Harris, R. A., Goossens, L., Bangee, M., & Munn, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Lancashire (GB)
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- Keele University (GB)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- University of Central Lancashire Lancashire England UK
- University of Strathclyde (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Qualter, P.
- Venue
- Journal of Adolescence
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-03-07
- Volume
- 36
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1283-1293
- ISSN
- 0140-1971 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9254
- OpenAlex
- W1976096836
- Cited by
- 377
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 26 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 36 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 70 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6
- FWCI
- 13.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Adolescence (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- CLOK (University of Central Lancashire) (acceptedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/E000231/1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Keywords
- loneliness, loneliness trajectories, childhood, adolescence, peer acceptance, trust beliefs, self-worth, depressive symptoms, health perception, health care utilization, growth mixture modeling
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, England, Health Status, Humans, Loneliness, Personal Satisfaction, Prospective Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Self Concept, Temperament, Models, Statistical, Confidence Intervals, Odds Ratio
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