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Cited by 1,401Death Anxiety and Social ExclusionBullying, Victimization, and AggressionEmotions and Moral Behavior

Social exclusion impairs self-regulation

Baumeister, Roy F., DeWall, C. Nathan, Ciarocco, Natalie J., Twenge, Jean M.·2005·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
DOI 10.1037/0022-3514.88.4.589
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Abstract

Six experiments showed that being excluded or rejected caused decrements in self-regulation. In Experiment 1, participants who were led to anticipate a lonely future life were less able to make themselves consume a healthy but bad-tasting beverage. In Experiment 2, some participants were told that no one else in their group wanted to work with them, and these participants later ate more cookies than other participants. In Experiment 3, excluded participants quit sooner on a frustrating task. In Experiments 4-6, exclusion led to impairment of attention regulation as measured with a dichotic listening task. Experiments 5 and 6 further showed that decrements in self-regulation can be eliminated by offering a cash incentive or increasing self-awareness. Thus, rejected people are capable of self-regulation but are normally disinclined to make the effort.

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Crossref · 10.1037/0022-3514.88.4.589

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  • Experimental induction of thwarted belongingness has been shown to cause many harmful cognitive and behavioral effects, including self-regulatory and executive-function impairments, reduced prosocial behavior, aggression, hostile social-cognitive biases, self-defeating behaviors such as risk-taking, and inner numbness.

    “This experimental manipulation has been shown to cause numerous deleterious effects on cognition and behavior, including self-regulatory impairments”

    From The interpersonal theory of suicide. (2010) · cites this paper as Baumeister, DeWall, Ciarocco, & Twenge, 2005

  • Social exclusion or rejection by peers can negatively affect individual and interpersonal behavior through decreased self-regulation, aggression, and self-defeating actions.

    “One particularly powerful and distressing form of social interaction is exclusion or rejection by peers (Williams, 2007), which can negatively affect individual and interpersonal behavior through decreased self-regulation (Baumeister et al., 2005), aggression (Ayduk et al., 2008), and self-defeating actions (Twenge et al., 2002).”

    From Risk-taking and social exclusion in adolescence: neural mechanisms underlying peer influences on decision-making (2013) · cites this paper as Baumeister et al., 2005

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Related

Authors
Baumeister, R. F., DeWall, C. N., Ciarocco, N. J., & Twenge, J. M.
Affiliations
  • Florida State University (US)
  • Florida Atlantic University (US)
  • San Diego State University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2005-04
Volume
88
Issue
4
Pages
589-604
ISSN
  • 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-1315
DOI
10.1037/0022-3514.88.4.589
OpenAlex
W1996918954
Cited by
1,401
References
83
Citations by year
2026: 38 · 2025: 60 · 2024: 55 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 112 · 2021: 91 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 77 · 2017: 86 · 2016: 87 · 2015: 88 · 2014: 92 · 2013: 76 · 2012: 62
FWCI
34.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01mh057039-05)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (F32MH012329, MH 65559, MH-12329, MH 57039, R01MH065559)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
Keywords
social exclusion, rejection, self-regulation, attentional control, dichotic listening, incentive effects, self-awareness, loneliness, dietary habits
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Female, Group Processes, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Alienation, Social Behavior, Social Control, Informal

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