Cereal fiber and whole-grain intake are associated with reduced progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women with coronary artery disease
Abstract
Background Higher intake of fiber, especially cereal fiber, has been associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events and mortality. However, there are limited data on the effect of fiber intake on measures of progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim was to examine the association between intakes of total fiber and fiber from different dietary sources and progression of coronary-artery atherosclerosis among women with established CAD.Methods A prospective cohort study involved postmenopausal women (n = 229) participating in the Estrogen Replacement and Atherosclerosis trial. Usual fiber intake was estimated at baseline using a food frequency questionnaire. Quantitative coronary angiography was performed at baseline and after 3.2 +/- 0.6 (mean +/- SD) years to assess changes in mean minimum coronary artery diameter and mean percent stenosis.Results Compared to lower intakes, > 3 g/4184 kJ (1000 kcal) of cereal fiber or > 6 servings of whole grains per week were associated with smaller decline in minimum coronary artery diameter (cereal fiber: -0.09 +/- 0.02 vs -0.04 +/- 0.02 mm, P = .03; whole grains: -0.10 +/- 0.02 vs -0.06 +/- 0.02 mm, P = .04) after adjustments for age, cardiovascular risk factors, and dietary intakes of saturated and polyunsaturated fat, cholesterol, and alcohol. Progression in percent stenosis tended to be less in women with higher intake of cereal fiber (P = .10) or whole-grain foods (P = .09), after similar adjustments. Intakes of total, fruit, and vegetable fiber, and number of servings of refined grain, fruits, or vegetable were not associated with progression.Conclusions Higher intakes of cereal fiber and whole-grain products are associated with less progression of coronary atherosclerosis in postmenopausal women with established CAD.
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Soluble fiber may increase short-chain fatty acid synthesis, reducing endogenous cholesterol production.
“Soluble fiber may increase short-chain fatty acid synthesis, thereby reducing endogenous cholesterol production.41”
From Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations Revision 2006: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee (2006) · cites this paper as [41]
Dietary fiber may promote satiety by slowing gastric emptying, decreasing calorie intake.
“Dietary fiber may promote satiety by slowing gastric emptying, leading to an overall decrease in calorie intake.40,41”
From Diet and Lifestyle Recommendations Revision 2006: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Nutrition Committee (2006) · cites this paper as [41]
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- Authors
- Erkkilä, A. T., Herrington, D. M., Mozaffarian, D., & Lichtenstein, A. H.
- Affiliations
- Tufts University (US)
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Erkkilä, Arja T.
- Lichtenstein, Alice H.
- Venue
- American Heart Journal
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2005-07
- Volume
- 150
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 94-101
- ISSN
- 0002-8703 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2047457369
- Cited by
- 131
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 13.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Heart Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL49488, U01HL049488)
- National Center for Research Resources (M01RR-07122, M01RR007122)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Food composition and properties
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- cereal fiber, whole grains, dietary fiber, coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis progression, postmenopausal women, coronary artery stenosis, coronary artery diameter, quantitative coronary angiography
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Edible Grain, Coronary Artery Disease, Dietary Fiber, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Postmenopause, Disease Progression
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