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Cited by 598Nutritional Studies and DietSodium Intake and HealthLipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health

Effects on blood lipids of a blood pressure–lowering diet: the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Trial

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Obarzanek, Eva, Sacks, Frank M, Vollmer, William M, Bray, George A, Miller, Edgar R, Lin, Pao-Hwa, Karanja, Njeri M, Most-Windhauser, Marlene M +4 more·2001·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
DOI 10.1093/ajcn/74.1.80
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Abstract

Background Effects of diet on blood lipids are best known in white men, and effects of type of carbohydrate on triacylglycerol concentrations are not well defined.Objective Our goal was to determine the effects of diet on plasma lipids, focusing on subgroups by sex, race, and baseline lipid concentrations.Design This was a randomized controlled outpatient feeding trial conducted in 4 field centers. The subjects were 436 participants of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Trial [mean age: 44.6 y; 60% African American; baseline total cholesterol: < or = 6.7 mmol/L (< or = 260 mg/dL)]. The intervention consisted of 8 wk of a control diet, a diet increased in fruit and vegetables, or a diet increased in fruit, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products and reduced in saturated fat, total fat, and cholesterol (DASH diet), during which time subjects remained weight stable. The main outcome measures were fasting total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and triacylglycerol.Results Relative to the control diet, the DASH diet resulted in lower total (-0.35 mmol/L, or -13.7 mg/dL), LDL- (-0.28 mmol/L, or -10.7 mg/dL), and HDL- (-0.09 mmol/L, or -3.7 mg/dL) cholesterol concentrations (all P < 0.0001), without significant effects on triacylglycerol. The net reductions in total and LDL cholesterol in men were greater than those in women by 0.27 mmol/L, or 10.3 mg/dL (P = 0.052), and by 0.29 mmol/L, or 11.2 mg/dL (P < 0.02), respectively. Changes in lipids did not differ significantly by race or baseline lipid concentrations, except for HDL, which decreased more in participants with higher baseline HDL-cholesterol concentrations than in those with lower baseline HDL-cholesterol concentrations. The fruit and vegetable diet produced few significant lipid changes.Conclusions The DASH diet is likely to reduce coronary heart disease risk. The possible opposing effect on coronary heart disease risk of HDL reduction needs further study.

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Authors
Obarzanek, E., Sacks, F. M., Vollmer, W. M., Bray, G. A., Miller, E. R., Lin, P.-H., Karanja, N. M., Most-Windhauser, M. M., Moore, T. J., Swain, J. F., Bales, C. W., & Proschan, M. A.
Affiliations
Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
ORCID
Venue
The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2001-07
Volume
74
Issue
1
Pages
80-89
ISSN
0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1093/ajcn/74.1.80
OpenAlex
W1955611966
Cited by
598
References
50
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 40 · 2012: 28
FWCI
25.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5u01hl050968-04, 5u01hl050972-04)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (U01-HL50972, U10-HL50981, U10-HL50982, U10-HL50977, U01-HL50968)
  • National Center for Research Resources (RR02635, M01RR000722, M01RR002635, RR00722)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Keywords
DASH diet, serum lipids, serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, sex differences, racial differences, fruit and vegetable diet, low-fat dairy, saturated fat reduction, coronary heart disease risk, hypertension
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Coronary Disease, Dairy Products, Dietary Fats, Female, Fruit, Humans, Hypertension, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Triglycerides, Vegetables, Cohort Studies

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