DIAL: a telephone brief intervention for high-risk alcohol use with injured emergency department patients
Abstract
Study objective Brief interventions for high-risk alcohol use for injured emergency department (ED) patients have demonstrated effectiveness and may have a more pronounced effect with motor vehicle crash patients. We report on 3-month outcome data of a randomized controlled trial of injured patients, using a novel model of telephone-delivered brief interventions after ED discharge.Methods ED research assistants recruited adult injured patients who screened positive for high-risk alcohol use and were to be discharged home. After discharge, participants received by telephone an assessment of alcohol use and impaired driving and then were randomized to treatment (n=140) or standard care (n=145). Treatment consisted of 2 sessions of brief interventions done by telephone, focusing on risky alcohol use. At 3 months, both groups had an assessment of alcohol use and impaired driving.Results Two hundred eighty-five patients were randomized and had a baseline mean Alcohol Use Disorders Inventory Test (AUDIT) score of 11.0 (SD=7.4). Three-month follow-up assessments were completed on 273 (95%). Mean AUDIT score decreased in both the treatment (mean change=-3.4; 95% confidence interval [CI] -4.5 to -2.3) and standard care group (mean change=-3.2; 95% CI -4.2 to -2.2). Measures of impaired driving decreased for the treatment group (mean change=-1.4 95%; CI -3.0 to 0.2) compared with standard care group (mean change=1.0; 95% CI -0.9 to 2.9; P=.04; d=0.31). Participants were stratified post hoc into 3 groups by baseline alcohol problem, with the treatment effect only being in the highest-scoring group (d=.30).Conclusion Telephone brief interventions decreased impaired driving in our treatment group. Telephone brief intervention appears to offer an alternative mechanism to deliver brief intervention for alcohol in this at-risk ED population.
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Mello 2008 had low risk of bias for blinding of outcome assessment because all data were collected by a research assistant blinded to treatment condition.
“All data was collected by a research assistant blinded to treatment condition (p.45)”
From Effectiveness of brief alcohol interventions in primary care populations (2018) · cites this paper as Mello 2008
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Achieving positive change in the drinking culture of Wales.
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Alcohol and trauma: A priority public health problem
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Emergency Department Patients are Receptive to Prayer-Based Interventions to Reduce Alcohol Use
Ahn, S., Mello, M. J., Baird, J. R., Strezsak, V., & Choo, E. K. (2019) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-019-00779-w · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Study Designs and Evaluation Models for Emergency Department Public Health
Ranney, M. L., Vaca, F. E., Rothman, R. E., Rhodes, K. V., Becker, B. M., & Haukoos, J. S. (2009)
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- Authors
- Mello, M. J., Longabaugh, R., Baird, J., Nirenberg, T., & Woolard, R.
- Affiliations
- Brown University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Mello, Michael J.
- ORCID
- Mello, Michael J.
- Venue
- Annals of Emergency Medicine
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 755-764
- ISSN
- 0196-0644 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2138572161
- Cited by
- 71
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 4.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annals of Emergency Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (R49 CE123228)
- U.S. Public Health Service (R49/CCR1232280)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality › Traffic and Road Safety
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Emergency and Acute Care Studies
- Keywords
- trauma patients, emergency department discharge, impaired driving, alcohol screening, auditing, alcoholism, post-discharge follow-up
- MeSH terms
- Accidents, Traffic, Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Analysis of Variance, Automobile Driving, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Humans, Male, Telephone
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